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SEC Analysis of Polyacrylic Acid

Applications | 2015 | Agilent TechnologiesInstrumentation
GPC/SEC
Industries
Energy & Chemicals
Manufacturer
Agilent Technologies

Summary

Significance of the Topic


Aqueous size exclusion chromatography (SEC) of polyacrylic acid plays a critical role in polymer science and quality control. Accurate determination of molecular weight and distribution ensures product performance in applications such as adhesives, paints, hydraulic fluids, and textile sizing. Understanding polydispersity and distribution shape helps manufacturers optimize formulation stability and mechanical properties.

Objectives and Study Overview


This study aimed to evaluate the performance of aqueous SEC for polyacrylic acid analysis using Agilent PL aquagel-OH columns. Key goals included assessing resolution, repeatability, and the ability to measure molecular weight parameters and polydispersity.

Methodology and Instrumentation


The analysis was conducted on an Agilent 1260 Infinity GPC/SEC System using two PL aquagel-OH 50 columns (8 µm, 300 × 7.5 mm). The mobile phase comprised 0.25 M sodium nitrate and 0.01 M sodium phosphate buffer at pH 7, delivered at 1.0 mL/min. Detection was performed with a refractive index detector to quantify polymer elution profiles.

Main Results and Discussion


Chromatograms demonstrated clear separation of two polyacrylic acid samples with peak molecular weights (Mp) of approximately 16 000 g/mol and 262 000 g/mol. Measured polydispersities ranged from 1.3 to 1.7, reflecting narrow to moderate distribution widths. The high plate count (>35 000 plates/meter) provided excellent resolution of distinct molecular weight fractions, enabling detailed distribution analysis.

Benefits and Practical Applications


  • Quantitative molecular weight measurement: Secure determination of Mp and distribution shape.
  • High resolution and reproducibility: Outstanding column stability and lifetime support routine QC workflows.
  • Polyelectrolyte compatibility: Salt/buffer eluent prevents ionic interactions, ensuring reliable separations.

Such capabilities are essential for polymer manufacturers, formulation scientists, and QA/QC laboratories seeking robust polymer characterization.

Future Trends and Potential Applications


Advancements may include coupling SEC with multi-angle light scattering or viscometry detectors to obtain absolute molecular weight and structural information. Development of novel column chemistries tailored to diverse polyelectrolytes and automated high-throughput platforms will expand analytical throughput. Integration with predictive data analytics may further enhance polymer design and quality assurance.

Conclusion


Aqueous SEC using Agilent PL aquagel-OH columns on the 1260 Infinity system offers a reliable, high-performance method for characterizing polyacrylic acid. The approach delivers precise molecular weight and polydispersity data with excellent resolution, repeatability, and column longevity, supporting diverse industrial and research applications.

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