<p><strong>American postdoctoral researcher and ERA Postdoctoral Fellow William Morton came to CEITEC Masaryk University from the United Kingdom two years ago to join Robert Vácha’s research group. During his time in Brno, he focused on computational research of disordered proteins and experienced not only the Czech research environment, but also everyday life in the city. Now, as he prepares to return to the UK, he reflects on what CEITEC has given him, where he sees room for improvement, and why science depends not only on excellent results, but also on ordinary day-to-day conversations between researchers.&nbsp;</strong></p><h5><strong>When you were looking for your next research step, what made CEITEC stand out to you?</strong></h5><p>For me, the decision was primarily about people rather than place. I had already spent a month in Brno during my PhD, so I knew the environment and had a sense that I enjoyed both the institute and the city. But the key factor was the opportunity to work with <strong>Robert Vácha</strong>. I knew that his expertise aligned perfectly with where my research was heading, and I made a conscious decision not to apply elsewhere until I knew whether I could join his group. Once that opportunity came through, the decision was straightforward.</p><h5><strong>Before coming here, what were your expectations about Brno and CEITEC – and what turned out to be completely different, in a good way?</strong></h5><p>Honestly, I didn’t have strong expectations. I had seen Prague, but I knew Brno would be different, so I arrived with a fairly open mind. What surprised me most was how rich the city is despite its size. At first glance, Brno seems small, but it offers an incredible variety of communities, activities, and hidden places. Whatever your interests are, you can usually find people who share them and spaces that support them. That depth and accessibility of life here was something I didn’t expect at all.</p><h5><strong>How has your day-to-day life in Brno felt as an international researcher? If someone from abroad was hesitating about moving here, what would you tell them?</strong></h5><p>Day-to-day life can be quite intense, especially at the beginning. As an early-career researcher, you’re expected to quickly become independent, manage your own projects, build collaborations, and often mentor others at the same time. In my case, I arrived while still finishing my PhD, so I was navigating two major transitions at once, while also adapting to a new country.</p><p>That said, Brno is a place where this transition feels manageable. One of the reasons I’ve come to really enjoy living here is that despite its size, the city offers everything I need both professionally and personally. It’s easy to find communities, activities, and a good balance outside the lab.</p><p>If someone from abroad was hesitating about moving here, I’d say to expect a steep learning curve at first, but also a very rewarding experience once you settle in.</p><h5><strong>What has it been like working within your team here – how would you describe the collaboration and overall atmosphere?</strong></h5><p>Within Robert Vácha’s group, one of the biggest strengths is the breadth of expertise. There’s a really wide range of computational techniques in the group, and people are generally very willing to help each other and share knowledge. That creates an environment where you can learn a lot very quickly.</p><p>One thing I realised during my time here is how important it is to create spaces where researchers – not only group leaders, but also early-career people working directly on experiments and data – can openly discuss and challenge each other’s ideas. Those conversations are incredibly valuable. They help people improve their research, prepare for criticism, and feel more connected to the wider scientific community around them. And I don’t think this necessarily starts with big institutional goals or public-facing topics.</p><p>It mostly requires cooperation, communication, and leadership that creates opportunities for those interactions to happen regularly.</p><h5><strong>I heard you were receiving rather unique ‘packages’ from your neighbours – can you tell me a bit about that experience and what it says about life here?</strong></h5><p>Yes – this was one of my favourite parts of living here. I would occasionally get a knock on my window, and there would be jars of tomatoes, homemade syrup, pastries, or herbs from my neighbour.</p><p>More broadly, I found that people in the Czech Republic are incredibly kind, even without a shared language. I had many experiences – whether with neighbours or complete strangers – where people were welcoming and generous without expecting anything in return. That says a lot about the culture here.</p><h5><strong>Finding housing is often one of the first challenges when moving abroad – how was your experience in Brno?</strong></h5><p>I was fortunate to receive help with housing from CEITEC Welcome Officer, so my personal experience was relatively smooth. In fact, the apartment I originally stayed in is now being used by another postdoc arriving to Robert Vácha’s group, which says a lot about how important that kind of support network can be.</p><p>At the same time, I know from others that finding housing in Brno can be quite difficult, especially for non-EU researchers who need formal rental contracts for visa and administrative purposes. There are many informal rental options available, but they don’t always meet the official requirements, which makes the whole process more stressful and complicated.</p><p>I think departments like the CEITEC Welcome Office do a huge amount to help international researchers navigate this, but it also shows how important it is to make the system itself more accessible for highly qualified people coming from abroad.</p><h5><strong>Did you find it difficult to settle in without speaking Czech, or were you able to navigate most situations comfortably in English?</strong></h5><p>In general, it’s very manageable to live in Brno using English. You might encounter occasional misunderstandings, but if you approach situations with patience and flexibility, it works well.</p><p>I found that most interactions were positive, and people were generally willing to help – even when communication wasn’t perfect.</p><h5><strong>You’re now moving on to your next position – what are you taking with you from Brno into this next chapter?</strong></h5><p>I’m taking both professional experience and a broader perspective on research environments. The experience of working independently, managing multiple responsibilities, and navigating an international setting will be valuable wherever I go next.</p><h5><strong>If a young researcher was considering CEITEC, what would be your honest pitch to them?</strong></h5><p>My honest advice would be to focus on finding the right research group – and by that, I mean the whole environment around you. Not only the supervisor, but also the PhD students, technicians, and postdocs you’ll work with every day. Those relationships shape your experience much more than people sometimes expect.</p><p>I think if you find the right fit, you can absolutely succeed at CEITEC, have a really wonderful experience, and take advantage of everything the institute offers.</p><p>I would also encourage people to take the interview process seriously – not just as candidates trying to get a position, but also as an opportunity to evaluate whether the group feels right for them. If that fit is there, CEITEC offers strong support and a great environment to grow.</p>

William S. Morton: The Best Part of Living in Brno? Probably the Tomatoes Through the Window 

<p><strong>If you’re considering a nitrogen generator for your lab, one of the first questions that often comes up is: “What kind of maintenance am I signing up for?”</strong></p><p>It’s a fair concern. Many labs are used to equipment that requires frequent service, costly parts, or ongoing vendor support. The good news is that the<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1902"><strong> NITRO-GEN nitrogen generator</strong></a> was specifically designed to keep <strong>maintenance simple, infrequent, and affordable</strong>.</p><p>In fact, compared to many laboratory nitrogen generators, it offers one of the<strong> lowest overall maintenance burdens</strong>, making it an easy transition for labs looking to move away from gas cylinders without adding complexity.</p><h3><strong>Simple Maintenance, Minimal Time Commitment</strong></h3><ul><li>For most labs, maintaining the NITRO-GEN comes down to one straightforward task: <strong>periodic filter replacement</strong>.</li></ul><p>The system uses a<strong> two-stage filtration setup</strong>. The coarse filter, which serves as the first stage, captures larger particulates from your compressed air supply and protects the rest of the system. This element should be replaced about <strong>once per year</strong>. Downstream, the fine filter removes smaller contaminants and typically lasts much longer, generally <strong>2–5 years</strong>, depending on usage and air quality.</p><p>Replacing the coarse filter annually is key. Not only does it maintain consistent nitrogen output, but it also helps extend the life of the fine filter, keeping overall maintenance both minimal and cost-effective.</p><p>Actual filter lifespan will vary depending on how heavily the generator is used and how clean your incoming compressed air is. However, most labs find that these intervals are more than sufficient to keep the system running smoothly. And if you ever need to access the filters, it’s quick and easy—just unscrew the rear plate of the generator to reach the filter elements. <strong>No specialized tools or service calls required</strong>.</p><h3><strong>Low Maintenance Costs Without the Surprises</strong></h3><p>Beyond the low frequency of maintenance, the cost of keeping a NITRO-GEN running is also very low.</p><p>With the coarse filter replaced annually and the fine filter only occasionally,<strong> typical annual maintenance costs are under $100</strong>. That’s a fraction of what many labs expect when evaluating nitrogen generation systems, and significantly lower than the ongoing costs associated with gas cylinders or more complex generators.</p><p>There are also clear indicators when maintenance is needed. If you notice a drop in nitrogen flow or that the drain port is no longer draining properly, it’s likely time to replace one or both filter elements. These simple visual and performance cues make it easy to stay ahead of maintenance without overthinking it.</p><h3><strong>How NITRO-GEN Compares to Other Nitrogen Generators</strong></h3><p>Not all nitrogen generators are created equal—especially when it comes to maintenance.</p><p>Many laboratory nitrogen generators rely on more complex technologies such as pressure swing adsorption (PSA) or multi-stage membrane systems. While these approaches are effective at producing nitrogen, they often come with additional maintenance considerations that aren’t always obvious upfront.</p><ul><li><strong>PSA systems</strong>, for example, use adsorption columns filled with specialized materials along with valves that continuously switch during operation. Over time, these components can require servicing or replacement, and the systems are highly sensitive to moisture and oil in the compressed air supply, making air preparation and filtration even more critical.</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://blog.organomation.com/blog/how-do-membrane-nitrogen-generators-work"><strong>Membrane-based generators </strong></a>are somewhat simpler, but still depend heavily on consistent air quality and multiple pre-filtration stages. If those upstream systems aren’t maintained properly, performance can decline and internal components may need replacement.</li></ul><p>Across both types of systems, maintenance often extends beyond the generator itself. Supporting equipment like air compressors, dryers, and filtration systems typically require their own upkeep, adding to the total cost and complexity of ownership.</p><p><strong>The NITRO-GEN was designed with a different philosophy:</strong> keep nitrogen generation simple and accessible for the lab environment. Instead of relying on complex internal systems, it focuses on a streamlined design where routine upkeep is limited to quick, infrequent filter changes. There are no adsorption beds to replace, no complex valve systems to service, and no specialized maintenance procedures required.</p><h3><strong>A Simpler Alternative to Gas Cylinders</strong></h3><p>For labs currently relying on nitrogen cylinders, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.organomation.com/how-much-could-i-save-switching-to-a-nitrogen-generator"><strong>switching to a generator</strong></a> can feel like trading one set of responsibilities for another. But with the NITRO-GEN, that tradeoff is minimal.</p><p>Instead of managing tank deliveries, monitoring supply levels, and handling cylinder changes, you get a reliable, on-demand nitrogen source with only occasional, low-cost maintenance. The result is a more streamlined workflow, fewer interruptions, and greater long-term cost control.</p><h3><strong>The Bottom Line</strong></h3><p>If maintenance concerns have been holding you back from switching to a nitrogen generator, the NITRO-GEN was built to eliminate that barrier.</p><p>With one quick annual filter replacement, infrequent long-term maintenance, and annual costs under $100, it’s one of the simplest and most cost-effective nitrogen generation solutions available for laboratory use.</p>

How Much Maintenance Does the NITRO-GEN generator really require?

<p><strong>🎤Amanda Guiraldelli Mahr&nbsp;</strong></p><p><strong>Amanda shares insights from her work across small molecules, peptides, proteins, and biopharmaceuticals, including her experience with LC-MS, metabolomics, impurity analysis, and oligonucleotide therapeutics.</strong></p><h4><strong>What You’ll Learn in This Episode:</strong></h4><ul><li>What AQbD actually means (in simple terms)</li><li>How DOE differs from traditional one-factor-at-a-time experiments</li><li>Why modern labs are shifting toward predictive, data-driven method development</li><li>The biggest benefits of DOE: more insight with fewer experiments*</li><li>Real-world example: optimizing oligonucleotide impurity separations using AQbD&nbsp;</li><li>Key LC parameters that impact performance (pH, gradient, column, temperature)</li><li>Challenges of working with large molecules vs. small molecules</li><li>Tools and software for DOE and chromatographic modeling</li><li>How AI and modeling are shaping the future of chromatography</li></ul><blockquote><p><strong>Key Takeaway: </strong>“Shift your mindset from testing to understanding.”</p></blockquote><h4><strong>Who This Episode Is For:</strong></h4><ul><li>Undergraduate and graduate chemistry students</li><li>Analytical scientists and method developers</li><li>Pharma &amp; biopharma professionals</li><li>Anyone working with LC, LC-MS, or chromatography method development</li></ul><h3><strong>Video Transcription</strong></h3><p>In this episode of <i>Concentrating on Chromatography</i>, David interviews <strong>Amanda Guiraldelli Mahr</strong>, an analytical chemist whose career has spanned pharmaceuticals, metabolomics, regulatory science, mass spectrometry, and biopharmaceutical analysis. Amanda discusses her journey from pharmacy and biochemistry studies to working with chromatography and mass spectrometry in academic, regulatory, and industrial environments.</p><p>The conversation focuses on the growing role of <strong>Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD)</strong>, <strong>Design of Experiments (DOE)</strong>, predictive modeling, and the future integration of artificial intelligence into chromatographic method development. Amanda also shares practical insights into method development for small molecules, peptides, proteins, oligonucleotides, and emerging therapeutics.</p><h4><strong>Early Career and Introduction to Chromatography</strong></h4><p>Amanda's interest in analytical chemistry began during her studies in pharmacy and biochemistry. An internship focused on chromatography for botanical medicine analysis introduced her to separation science and inspired her to pursue a PhD in analytical chemistry.</p><p>During her doctoral research, she worked extensively with <strong>LC-MS-based metabolomics</strong>, which led her to explore experimental design approaches and method development strategies. Her passion for chromatography and mass spectrometry deepened further while working at the United States Pharmacopeia (USP), where she routinely applied chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques to characterize:</p><ul><li>Small-molecule drug substances</li><li>Pharmaceutical ingredients</li><li>Dietary supplements</li><li>Botanical products</li><li>Peptides</li><li>Proteins</li></ul><p>Her work increasingly involved understanding chromatographic separation mechanisms through experimental design and modeling approaches.</p><h4><strong>Expanding into Proteomics, Nitrosamines, and Biopharmaceuticals</strong></h4><p>Amanda's scientific curiosity led her beyond traditional small-molecule analysis.</p><p>Throughout her career she gained experience in:</p><ul><li>High-resolution mass spectrometry</li><li>Structural elucidation</li><li>Proteomics</li><li>Bioanalysis</li><li>Trace impurity analysis</li><li>Nitrosamine monitoring</li><li>Oligonucleotide therapeutics</li><li>Large proteins and peptides</li></ul><p>She worked with advanced fragmentation techniques including:</p><ul><li>CID (Collision-Induced Dissociation)</li><li>HCD (Higher-Energy Collisional Dissociation)</li><li>UV Photodissociation</li></ul><p>Later, she became involved in developing highly sensitive LC-MS and GC-MS methods for monitoring <strong>nitrosamines</strong>, a major regulatory concern due to their genotoxic potential. She also trained regulatory agencies in mass spectrometry applications and method validation before moving into biopharmaceutical research and contract research activities focused on proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, and RNA therapeutics.</p><h4><strong>What Does a Chromatographer Do Every Day?</strong></h4><p>When asked to summarize the day-to-day work of a chromatographer, Amanda highlighted three core activities:</p><ul><li>Designing experiments</li><li>Troubleshooting analytical methods</li><li>Interpreting unexpected results</li></ul><p>She emphasized that a large portion of her work involves data analysis and learning from experimental outcomes in order to optimize methods and better understand chromatographic behavior.</p><h4><strong>Understanding Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD)</strong></h4><p>One of the central topics of the discussion was <strong>Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD)</strong>.</p><p>Amanda describes AQbD as a systematic approach for understanding how analytical methods perform and identifying factors that influence method variability.</p><p>Key objectives of AQbD include:</p><ul><li>Identifying critical method parameters</li><li>Understanding sources of variability</li><li>Building robustness into methods from the beginning</li><li>Improving method reliability throughout its lifecycle</li></ul><p>Rather than correcting problems after implementation, AQbD focuses on proactively designing analytical procedures that consistently deliver high-quality results.</p><p>Amanda noted that AQbD principles are strongly linked to pharmaceutical quality frameworks established through ICH guidelines such as:</p><ul><li>ICH Q8 (Pharmaceutical Development)</li><li>ICH Q14 (Analytical Procedure Development)</li></ul><p>These guidelines have significantly influenced modern pharmaceutical method development practices.</p><h4><strong>AQbD vs. Traditional Trial-and-Error Development</strong></h4><p>Amanda contrasted AQbD with the traditional <strong>one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT)</strong> approach.</p><h5><strong>Traditional Approach</strong></h5><ul><li>Changes one parameter at a time</li><li>Provides limited understanding of interactions</li><li>Often misses important relationships between variables</li></ul><h5><strong>AQbD Approach</strong></h5><ul><li>Uses multivariate experimental designs</li><li>Studies multiple variables simultaneously</li><li>Reveals interactions between parameters</li><li>Enables predictive modeling</li><li>Defines robust operating ranges</li></ul><p>According to Amanda, AQbD provides significantly more knowledge about method behavior while reducing unnecessary experimentation.</p><h4><strong>Design of Experiments (DOE): A Core AQbD Tool</strong></h4><p>Amanda clarified an important misconception:</p><p><strong>DOE is not the same as AQbD.</strong></p><p>Instead:</p><ul><li>AQbD is a broader philosophy and lifecycle approach.</li><li>DOE is one of the most powerful tools used within AQbD.</li></ul><p>DOE helps scientists:</p><ul><li>Identify critical factors</li><li>Evaluate interactions</li><li>Map regions of good and poor performance</li><li>Support risk assessment</li><li>Build predictive models</li></ul><p>However, AQbD also includes risk management, control strategies, and lifecycle monitoring beyond experimental design itself.</p><h4><strong>Practical Advice for Scientists New to DOE</strong></h4><p>For scientists interested in implementing DOE, Amanda recommends starting with simple screening studies.</p><p>Examples include evaluating:</p><ul><li>LC column chemistry</li><li>Mobile-phase pH</li><li>Organic modifiers</li><li>Temperature</li></ul><p>Important responses to monitor may include:</p><ul><li>Resolution</li><li>Peak tailing</li><li>Selectivity</li><li>Efficiency</li></ul><p>She encourages scientists to focus not only on collecting data but on understanding the patterns revealed by experimental results. As experience grows, more advanced optimization studies and predictive models can be developed.</p><h4><strong>Which LC Parameters Matter Most?</strong></h4><p>Amanda emphasized that critical parameters depend on:</p><ul><li>Sample type</li><li>Separation mode</li><li>Intended method purpose</li><li>Development stage</li></ul><p>For reversed-phase LC, common screening parameters include:</p><ul><li>Column chemistry</li><li>Mobile-phase pH</li><li>Organic solvent composition</li><li>Temperature</li></ul><p>For ion-pair chromatography, additional factors such as:</p><ul><li>Ion-pairing reagent type</li><li>Ion-pairing reagent concentration</li></ul><p>can strongly influence selectivity and retention behavior.</p><p>She stresses that proper risk assessment should always guide parameter selection.</p><h4><strong>Case Study: Oligonucleotide Impurity Profiling</strong></h4><p>Amanda shared an example involving impurity analysis of <strong>oligonucleotide therapeutics</strong>.</p><p>One major challenge is that impurities are often structurally very similar to the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), making chromatographic separation difficult.</p><p>Using AQbD and DOE, her team systematically evaluated:</p><ul><li>LC column chemistries</li><li>Ion-pairing reagents</li><li>Temperature</li><li>Gradient conditions</li></ul><p>A desirability-function approach allowed simultaneous optimization of multiple critical resolutions rather than focusing on a single impurity pair.</p><p>This strategy enabled the development of an LC-UV method capable of separating impurities that might otherwise require LC-MS for quantification.</p><h4><strong>The Challenges of Large Molecules</strong></h4><p>Amanda identifies large biomolecules as some of the most challenging analytes in chromatography.</p><p>Compared with small molecules, proteins and oligonucleotides exhibit:</p><ul><li>Slower mass transfer kinetics</li><li>Peak broadening</li><li>Reduced sensitivity</li><li>Greater sensitivity to system-related factors</li></ul><p>Even seemingly minor differences can affect performance, including:</p><ul><li>Dwell volume</li><li>Tubing dimensions</li><li>System dispersion</li></ul><p>She also highlighted non-specific adsorption as a major challenge.</p><p>Examples include:</p><h5><strong>Oligonucleotides</strong></h5><p>Negatively charged phosphate backbones can interact strongly with metal surfaces, reducing recovery and reproducibility.</p><h5><strong>Peptides</strong></h5><p>Basic amino acid residues may interact with residual silanol groups on silica-based stationary phases, affecting chromatographic performance.</p><p>These challenges have driven innovation in:</p><ul><li>Low-adsorption LC systems</li><li>Surface-modified columns</li><li>Hybrid particle technologies</li><li>Improved consumables and hardware design</li></ul><h4><strong>Software and Modeling Tools</strong></h4><p>Amanda discussed several software platforms commonly used for DOE and method optimization:</p><h5><strong>DOE Software</strong></h5><ul><li>Design-Expert</li><li>JMP</li><li>Minitab</li><li>MODDE</li></ul><h5><strong>Chromatographic Modeling Software</strong></h5><ul><li>DryLab</li><li>ACD/AutoChrom</li><li>ChromSword</li></ul><p>She also noted that modern software increasingly integrates directly with chromatographic data systems, enabling automated experiment execution and data analysis.</p><h4><strong>Essential Skills Beyond Instrument Operation</strong></h4><p>According to Amanda, successful chromatographers need more than technical instrument expertise.</p><p>Key skills include:</p><ul><li>Chromatographic fundamentals</li><li>Statistics</li><li>Chemometrics</li><li>Data interpretation</li><li>Predictive modeling</li><li>Risk assessment</li></ul><p>She emphasized that statistical literacy is particularly important for implementing AQbD principles and validating predictive models.</p><h4><strong>The Future of Chromatography</strong></h4><p>Looking ahead, Amanda is particularly excited about the integration of:</p><ul><li>Artificial intelligence</li><li>Predictive modeling</li><li>Knowledge-driven method development</li></ul><p>She believes these technologies will help scientists better understand separation mechanisms and accelerate development of methods for increasingly complex therapeutics.</p><p>Ultimately, she expects analytical science to play an even more central role in pharmaceutical development, manufacturing, and quality assurance.</p><h4><strong>Conclusion</strong></h4><p>Amanda's career illustrates how chromatography has evolved from traditional small-molecule analysis into a highly interdisciplinary field spanning proteomics, biopharmaceuticals, oligonucleotide therapeutics, and advanced regulatory science. Her experience demonstrates the value of combining chromatographic expertise with AQbD principles, DOE, risk assessment, and predictive modeling.</p><p>As analytical challenges continue to grow in complexity, approaches that emphasize understanding, prediction, and quality by design are becoming increasingly important. The future of chromatography is likely to be shaped by data-driven decision making, advanced modeling, and artificial intelligence—tools that will enable scientists to develop more robust, efficient, and reliable analytical methods.</p><blockquote><p><strong>This text has been automatically transcribed from a video presentation using AI technology. It may contain inaccuracies and is not guaranteed to be 100% correct.</strong></p></blockquote><blockquote><h4><strong>Concentrating on Chromatography Podcast</strong></h4><p>Dive into the frontiers of chromatography, mass spectrometry, and sample preparation with host David Oliva. Each episode features candid conversations with leading researchers, industry innovators, and passionate scientists who are shaping the future of analytical chemistry. From decoding PFAS detection challenges to exploring the latest in AI-assisted liquid chromatography, this show uncovers practical workflows, sustainability breakthroughs, and the real-world impact of separation science. Whether you’re a chromatographer, lab professional, or researcher you'll discover inspiring content!</p><p>You can find <strong>Concentrating on Chromatography Podcast </strong>in podcast apps:</p><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://open.spotify.com/show/1wZg67rCjoGju4yhqxI3tL"><strong>Spotify</strong></a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://podcasts.apple.com/tz/podcast/concentrating-on-chromatography/id1788429185"><strong>Apple podcast</strong></a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://podscan.fm/podcasts/concentrating-on-chromatography"><strong>podscan</strong></a></li></ul><p>and on <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.youtube.com/@ChromatographyTalk/videos"><strong>YouTube channel</strong></a></p></blockquote>

AQbD Explained: How Design of Experiments is Transforming Chromatography

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Since its establishment in 2011, CEITEC has quickly developed into a cutting-edge infrastructure for research which performs highly alongside the best institutes in Europe. Among the main priorities of CEITEC are the promotion of a motivating and dynamic international scientific environment, the provision of state-of-the-art research infrastructure, and the policy of open communication and equal opportunities.

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