As demand for GLP-1 receptor agonists like semaglutide continues to rise, analytical laboratories must ensure accurate impurity profiling, regulatory compliance, and long-term method robustness. A new Thermo Fisher Scientific application note presents a powerful stability-indicating HPLC-UV method for semaglutide analysis using the Thermo Scientific <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/743">Vanquish Flex UHPLC system</a> and Thermo Scientific <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1981">Hypersil GOLD Peptide column</a>.<h3>Built for peptide impurity challenges</h3>Peptide-related impurities are notoriously difficult to separate due to their structural similarity to the parent compound. To address this, semaglutide samples were subjected to thermal and oxidative stress conditions, generating controlled degradation levels to fully challenge the method.The result? A robust analytical workflow capable of resolving closely eluting impurities with confidence.<h3>Optimized for maximum resolution</h3>Careful optimization of column temperature and gradient conditions significantly improved separation. Increasing the column temperature to 55 °C enhanced resolution between semaglutide and critical impurities, demonstrating the importance of precise thermal control.Gradient refinement further improved selectivity while maintaining strong sensitivity which is critical for reliable impurity detection in peptide therapeutics.<h3>Superior performance with TFA</h3>The study also compared mobile phase additives. While formic acid (FA) is common in LC-MS workflows, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) delivered sharper peaks and improved chromatographic resolution for HPLC-UV analysis. Peak width at 50% height decreased from 0.83 min with FA to 0.32 min with TFA, dramatically enhancing sensitivity.<h3>Proven reproducibility for routine QC</h3>Method robustness was confirmed across three different column lots, with %RSD values ≤1.3% for all critical performance parameters.This level of consistency supports reliable transfer into quality control and regulated laboratory environments.<h3>Advance your semaglutide analysis</h3>Whether you are developing generic GLP-1 formulations, supporting regulatory submissions, or optimizing peptide impurity methods, this application note provides practical, data-driven guidance.Download the application note, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_004312_pb_glp_1_semaglutide_vanquish_flex_stability_an004312_na_en_10c32c66a3.pdf">Stability-indicating HPLC-UV method development for GLP-1 receptor analogue semaglutide</a> to explore the full method details, chromatographic data, and reproducibility results.<blockquote><ul><li>Stay up to date on the latest GLP-1 analytical technologies and applications. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/content/lifetech/global/en/home/global/forms/industrial/biopharmaceutical-resources-promotions-information-request.html">Sign up to receive updates</a> directly in your inbox.</li><li>Explore additional GLP-1 workflows, applications, and solutions on our dedicated <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/content/lifetech/global/en/home/industrial/pharma-biopharma/biopharma-analytical-solutions.html#industry-insights">GLP-1 resource hub</a>.</li><li>Visit us on&nbsp;<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/72003132/admin/dashboard/">LinkedIn:</a>&nbsp;#StabilityIndicatingMethod #GLP1 #UHPLC #Semaglutide</li></ul></blockquote>

Stability-Indicating HPLC-UV Method for Semaglutide Impurity Analysis

In-source fragmentation can complicate LC-MS/MS data interpretation because ions may fragment before they reach the collision cell. Instead of obtaining a clean spectrum generated from an isolated precursor ion, the analyst may encounter a mixture containing the protonated molecule, adduct ions, and fragments produced directly in the ion source.NIST26 provides tools for recognizing these spectra and searching them against MS/MS libraries. The workflow described by James Little of Mass Spec Interpretation Services shows how chromatogram search results, filtered and unfiltered scores, and the NIST Library Search window can be combined to identify compounds even when the molecular ion is weak or absent.<blockquote>👉<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/in_source_fragmentation_32d33b2c54.pdf">Download PDF handout here</a></blockquote><h4>What is in-source fragmentation?</h4>In-source fragmentation occurs when analyte ions fragment within the ion source before conventional tandem mass spectrometry takes place. A typical in-source spectrum therefore contains a mixture of precursor and fragment ions.For example, the protonated molecule [M+H]⁺ may remain visible while several fragment ions are simultaneously present. This is fundamentally different from a conventional MS/MS experiment, where a particular precursor is isolated and subsequently fragmented to produce a comparatively clean product-ion spectrum.Terms used for these ions include:<ul><li>In-source fragment ions</li><li>Source-induced fragments</li><li>In-source fragmentation products</li><li>Source fragmentation ions</li><li>In-source CID products</li></ul>The presentation recommends “in-source fragment ions” as the clearest and most explicit terminology.<h4>Why in-source fragmentation matters for library searching</h4>When a reference standard is infused during the generation of NIST library data, MS2 spectra can be acquired not only for molecular-ion adducts but also for fragment ions observed at high resolution.This becomes particularly important for compounds whose intact protonated molecule is weak or essentially absent. In such cases, searching exclusively for [M+H]⁺ could prevent a useful library match even though abundant and characteristic fragment ions are available.The spectrum illustrated on page 3 of the presentation demonstrates this concept: the same spectrum contains fragment ions at m/z 311 and 333 together with [M+H]⁺ at m/z 377, [M+Na]⁺ at m/z 399, and [M+K]⁺ at m/z 415.<h4>Cholesterol: when the protonated molecule is not enough</h4>Cholesterol provides a useful example. In positive-ion electrospray, essentially no significant intensity is observed for the [M+H]⁺ ion of cholesterol. Instead, loss of water produces an abundant dehydrated ion.Consequently, a major cholesterol MS/MS spectrum in the NIST library is based on [M+H−H₂O]⁺ at m/z 369.3506 rather than the intact [M+H]⁺ precursor.This illustrates an important principle: a useful MS/MS library spectrum does not necessarily have to originate from the intact protonated molecule. Stable and abundant ions generated through predictable in-source fragmentation can also provide valuable information for compound identification.<h4>How NIST26 handles small neutral losses</h4>For relatively small losses, NIST26 can associate the resulting ion with the correct molecular structure directly in the Chromatogram window.This applies to losses such as:<ul><li>H₂O</li><li>NH₃</li><li>Other small neutral molecules</li><li>Adduct formation such as [M+Na]⁺</li></ul>For cholesterol, for example, a chromatogram search result for [M+H−H₂O]⁺ can therefore still be displayed together with the correct cholesterol structure.The presentation provides oxosorbicillinol as another example. Its chromatogram result is associated with the precursor type [M+H−H₂O]⁺ while retaining the identity and structure of oxosorbicillinol.<h4>What happens with larger fragment losses?</h4>The situation becomes more complicated when fragmentation involves a larger mass loss.For large fragment losses, the correct parent structure is not displayed directly for the corresponding entry in the Chromatogram results list. Structures are shown there primarily for conventional molecular/adduct ions such as M+H and M+Na and for the small neutral losses discussed above.To investigate larger in-source fragments and obtain proposed structures, the spectrum therefore needs to be transferred to the NIST Library Search window.<h4>Using Score and Score (Unfiltered) to find candidates</h4>A useful strategy for recognizing possible in-source fragmentation spectra is to compare the standard Score with Score (Unfiltered).The presentation recommends adding Score (Unfiltered) as a displayed property in the lower Chromatogram window and using a reasonably high value, such as &gt;800, in the filter settings. Results can then be sorted by Score (Unfiltered), placing the highest-scoring candidates at the top.The analyst should pay particular attention to entries where:Score is much lower than Score (Unfiltered).Such a large discrepancy can indicate a potentially useful in-source fragmentation spectrum that deserves further investigation.The example shown in the presentation is particularly striking:<ul><li>Score: 22</li><li>Score (Unfiltered): 928</li></ul>Despite the extremely low conventional Score, the very high unfiltered score indicates that the spectrum contains potentially valuable information that can be explored through a dedicated library search.<h4>Finding in-source candidates in the chromatogram</h4>NIST26 also provides a visual way to recognize potential candidates.Possible in-source spectra are indicated by blue dots in the Chromatogram TIC plot. Selecting one of these candidates with the mouse changes the marker from blue to green, indicating the currently active spectrum linked to the corresponding entry in the results list.This makes it possible to move visually through the chromatogram while simultaneously inspecting candidate spectra and their associated scores. The TIC example on pages 7–8 shows how these potential in-source spectra are distributed across the chromatographic run.<h4>How to send an in-source spectrum to Library Search</h4>Once a promising candidate has been identified, the workflow is straightforward:<ol><li>Identify a potential in-source spectrum in the Chromatogram window.</li><li>Check its Score and Score (Unfiltered) values.</li><li>Select the candidate in the chromatogram.</li><li>Right-click the corresponding entry.</li><li>Select Library Search.</li><li>Examine the resulting candidates in the NIST Library Search window.</li></ol>Sending the spectrum to Library Search is especially important when larger fragment losses are involved because plausible structures cannot be obtained directly from the Chromatogram results list in these cases.<h4>Interpreting the Library Search results</h4>Once the in-source spectrum has been transferred to Library Search, several potential identities may be returned with high scores.The example on page 9 demonstrates this clearly. Searching an in-source spectrum produces several high-scoring candidate spectra, with the leading result reaching a score of 928. Multiple library spectra for related candidate compounds may appear because different precursor types, collision energies, or fragmentation pathways can produce compatible spectral patterns.The purpose of the search is therefore not simply to accept the first result automatically. Instead, the resulting candidate list provides structures and identities that can be evaluated in the context of the experimental data.<h4>Check the Library Search settings</h4>Correct search settings are important when working with in-source spectra.The presentation illustrates several settings that should be checked before interpreting the results. The search is configured for Identity and MS/MS, with the precursor ion m/z taken from the spectrum. The illustrated high-resolution library search tolerances are 20 ppm for precursor ions and 40 ppm for product ions.Another important point is the MS/MS Hit List Filter. In the workflow shown in the presentation, Enable Filtering (Tandem Only) is switched off.Analysts should therefore verify the Library Search options rather than relying on default settings, as inappropriate filtering could remove potentially useful matches from consideration.<h4>Practical workflow at a glance</h4>For routine investigation of potential in-source fragmentation in NIST26, the presentation suggests the following approach:<ol><li>Review the Chromatogram TIC for possible in-source spectra.</li><li>Add Score (Unfiltered) to the displayed result properties.</li><li>Apply a relatively high Score (Unfiltered) threshold, with &gt;800 suggested as a reasonable starting point.</li><li>Sort results by Score (Unfiltered), highest first.</li><li>Look for unusually large differences between Score and Score (Unfiltered).</li><li>Select promising candidates marked in the TIC.</li><li>Send spectra involving substantial fragment losses to NIST Library Search.</li><li>Verify the MS/MS search and filtering settings.</li><li>Examine the high-scoring library candidates and proposed structures.</li></ol>This workflow provides a practical way to extract identification information from spectra that could otherwise appear problematic because the dominant ion is an in-source fragment rather than the expected molecular-ion adduct.<h4>Conclusion</h4>In-source fragmentation does not necessarily make an LC-MS spectrum unusable. In some cases, particularly for compounds such as cholesterol, a fragment generated before conventional MS/MS can actually be the dominant and analytically useful ion.NIST26 addresses this challenge by combining chromatogram-level searching with high-resolution MS/MS library data. Small neutral losses and common adducts can be associated directly with the parent structure, while more substantial fragmentation can be investigated by transferring the spectrum to the Library Search window. Comparing Score with Score (Unfiltered) provides an additional practical way to recognize promising in-source candidates.By understanding these relationships and using the appropriate search settings, analysts can obtain meaningful structural candidates from spectra that might otherwise be overlooked during LC-MS/MS data interpretation.

In-Source Fragmentation Searches in NIST26 Chromatogram Window

<h3><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.isc2026.org/">ISC 2026</a></h3>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/companies/314">International Symposium on Chromatography (ISC)</a> represents the oldest conference series on separation science. ISC symposia have been organised since 1956 in each even year. ISC is one of the premier meetings series for discussion of all modes of chromatography and separation science with a broad coverage of techniques and applications.<h4>35th International Symposium on Chromatography</h4>📆6. - 10. September 2026📍Prague, Czech Republic<h3>REGISTRATION</h3><blockquote>👉<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.czech-in.org/cmPortalV15/Account/Login?ReturnUrl=%2FcmPortalV15%2FPortal%2FISC26%2Fnormal">Register HERE for the ISC 2026</a>Late Registration until 25 August 2026</blockquote><h3>VENDOR SEMINARS</h3>Discover the vendor seminars taking place during ISC 2026 in Prague, where leading analytical technology companies will present the latest developments in chromatography, mass spectrometry, and biopharmaceutical analysis. The programme covers stationary phase selectivity, UHPLC and ion chromatography innovations, superficially porous particle columns, virtual GC-MS method modelling, and advanced LC-MS workflows for emerging therapeutics.<h4>Lunch seminar Avantor</h4><h5>Stationary Phase Selectivity: A Powerful Tool for Challenging Separations</h5><ul><li>Monday, 7 September 2026&nbsp;</li><li>13:00-14:00</li><li>👉<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://form.jotform.com/262112522534345">REGISTER HERE</a></li></ul>Stationary phase chemistry is one of the most influential variables in chromatographic method development, providing a powerful means of controlling selectivity and achieving successful separations. While the wide range of commercially available stationary phase chemistries provides extensive opportunities to optimise selectivity, navigating these choices can be challenging, often leading to suboptimal column selection and missed opportunities to improve separation performance or speed of analysis.This seminar will explore why stationary phase selectivity is one of the most powerful tools available to chromatographers for method development. Approaches for characterizing selectivity, including the Tanaka and Neue methodologies, will be discussed as practical tools for understanding and differentiating column chemistries. These concepts will then be used to demonstrate how stationary phase design can be rationalized and how a deeper understanding of selectivity can guide more effective column selection.Application examples will highlight the impact of stationary phase chemistry across a range of analytes, including small molecules and peptides. The seminar will also examine how rational stationary phase selection can be incorporated into streamlined workflows for reversed-phase LC, HILIC and SFC method development.Attendees will gain a deeper understanding of how strategic column selection can enhance resolution, reduce method development time, and enhance overall method performance. The concepts presented will provide a practical framework for scientists seeking a more structured, efficient, and knowledge-driven approach to method development.<blockquote>Dr Matt JamesMatt James is a Senior Research Scientist at Avantor Sciences. Matt gained his PhD at University of Bristol and over the last 15 years, he has worked within the Technical Support, Applications and R&amp;D teams within Hichrom, now part of Avantor. Recent focuses have been HPLC/UHPLC method transfer and translation, the use of solid core phases, development of next generation LC stationary phases and the development of LC methods for key applications, such as the analysis of nitrosamines and PFAS by LC-MS/MS.</blockquote><h4>Lunch seminar Shimadzu</h4><h5>Three New Reasons to Rethink Your Workflow</h5><ul><li>Dr. Gesa Schad, Shimadzu Europa GmbH</li><li>Dr. Waldemar Weber, Shimadzu Europa GmbH</li><li>Monday, 7 September 2026&nbsp;</li><li>13:00-14:00</li><li>👉<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.shimadzu.eu/forms/vendor-seminar-registartion_isc2026.html">REGISTER HERE</a></li></ul>Join us for an engaging seminar introducing three new analytical solutions designed to help laboratories work smarter, respond faster, improve robustness, and achieve greater confidence in their results. As analytical demands continue to grow, laboratories need technologies that not only deliver strong performance, but also enhance efficiency, flexibility, and ease of operation. This seminar will highlight how the latest innovations can streamline workflows, support complex applications, and create new opportunities for productivity across the laboratory.<h5><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=nexera+IC">Nexera IC</a> – new compact ion chromatograph&nbsp;</h5><ul><li>This new ion chromatography solution is designed to deliver reliable, high-sensitivity analysis for a anions and cations. With a focus on stability, ease of operation, and workflow efficiency, it helps laboratories achieve consistent results while supporting applications in environmental, food, chemical, and pharmaceutical testing.</li></ul><h5><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=x4">Nexera X4</a> – No more compromise in UHPLC analysis</h5><ul><li>This next-generation UHPLC platform is designed for laboratories that demand both ultra-high performance and robust operation, without compromise. Combining improved usability with dependable, consistent results, it helps optimize throughput, improve data quality, and simplify daily workflows across both routine and advanced analyses.</li></ul><h5><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=GCMS-TQ+RX">GCMS-TQ RX Series</a> – Enhanced Sensitivity and Reliability in GC-MS/MS Analysis&nbsp;</h5><ul><li>Our new advanced triple quadrupole GC-MS/MS systems are engineered to provide highly sensitive, selective, and dependable analysis for complex samples. Designed to support challenging applications such as trace-level detection and regulatory testing, they enable laboratories to strengthen analytical confidence, improve reproducibility, and manage demanding workflows more effectively.</li></ul>Join us to explore the latest innovations and gain valuable insights into our technologies. Register today to secure your place.<h4>Lunch seminar Advanced Materials Technology</h4><h5>Advantages of Superficially Porous Particle Columns for HPLC and LC-MS</h5><ul><li>Stephanie Schuster, Joshua McBee, Conner McHale, Peter Pellegrinelli (Advanced Materials Technology, 3521 Silverside Rd., Wilmington, DE 19810)</li><li>Tuesday, 8 September 2026&nbsp;</li><li>13:00-14:00</li><li>👉<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://halocolumns.com/isc-2026-vendor-lunch-seminar/">REGISTER HERE</a></li></ul> Superficially porous particle (SPP) columns have existed in one form or another since the late 1960s. However, the benefits of the particle with the solid silica core surrounded by the porous silica shell were not realized for small molecules until 2006 when the first sub-3-µm superficially porous particle columns were introduced. This particle technology enabled efficiencies similar to sub-2-µm fully porous particles (FPPs) without the need for ultra-high pressure capable instrumentation. As a result of the high efficiencies and lower back pressure, the columns may be run at faster flow rates to enable high throughput separations. Additionally, the SPP columns are rugged and offer long column lifetimes. This presentation will highlight comparisons between SPP columns and FPP columns for separations of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and oligonucleotides.<h4>Lunch seminar Restek</h4><h5>Virtual Chromatographic Modelling Software For Optimising Separation Of Isobaric Compounds in GC-MS Methods</h5><ul><li>Sebastian Prisacariu, Anna Pulte</li><li>Tuesday, 8 September 2026&nbsp;</li><li>13:00-14:00</li><li>👉<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://form.jotform.com/262112099571355">REGISTER HERE</a></li></ul>There is a constant balance for high-throughput laboratories between method run times for large panel analyses and resolution of analytes across these panels to allow sufficient data quality. Developing such methods is often time consuming and expensive for laboratories, as dedicated resources are required to test methods iteratively. Chromatographic modelling tools are becoming increasingly popular for method setup and refinement in high-throughput laboratories looking to minimise instrument and analyst downtime. These tools traditionally offer column phase and method condition suggestions based on the separation of a list of analytes, which can then be modified to improve specific separations as necessary.When developing gas chromatography (GC) methods, shortening cycle time often comes at the cost of compounds co-eluting, with the expectation that a mass selective detector, such as a mass spectrometer (MS) will allow resolution through ion-selective quantitation. An issue arises when the method attempts to analyse isobaric compounds, which cannot be distinguished by MS, and as a result labs must rely upon physical separation via column phase chemistry.As GC-MS techniques continue to be adopted by laboratories, there is a need for more tools that consider mass data for analytes when optimising large panel separations. The virtual chromatographic modelling tool used in this study is built with mass spectrum data for compounds included in libraries. When operating in “MS mode”, the software identifies isobaric compounds and prioritises their separation when making recommendations regarding column phase and method conditions. For those using non-mass selective detection methods, the tool is easily toggled to “FID mode” for users interested in resolving all compounds, regardless of specific mass, allowing for flexibility in instrumentation. Results help labs save time and resources in method development and refinement by considering the instrumentation involved in the model.<h4>Lunch seminar Thermo Fisher Scientific</h4><h5>ASOs, ADCs, and Other Therapeutics: Advanced Characterization with Novel Reversed-Phase Columns and Integrated LC–MS Platform</h5><ul><li>Tuesday, 8 September 2026&nbsp;</li><li>13:00-14:00</li><li>👉<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://forms.cloud.microsoft/pages/responsepage.aspx?id=LXJ9toqqd0ehaevremo7Zz9X1b58h7ZKmlE1n_EPKh5URFJOMFFMVlZWOEc2NUQzWUlTTVY2UEhSTy4u&amp;route=shorturl">REGISTER HERE</a></li></ul>Biotherapeutics are becoming increasingly structurally diverse, placing greater demands on analytical platforms that can support efficient development and regulatory readiness. Reversed-phase chromatography (RPC) remains a widely adopted and adaptable technique, supporting applications that range from oligonucleotide analysis to detailed protein characterization and post-translational modification assessment.This seminar explores the integration of a macroporous, monodisperse reversed-phase column with a next-generation bioinert LC system for the analysis of two emerging classes of biotherapeutics. Antisense oligonucleotides were examined under optimized chromatographic conditions, using a design-of-experiments strategy to evaluate how ion-pairing reagents influence both LC separation and downstream MS performance. The platform was further applied to antibody–drug conjugates, combining RPC with Orbitrap mass spectrometry to support multi-level characterization. Intact, sub-unit, and bottom-up analyses enabled drug-to-antibody ratio determination alongside detailed PTM profiling — including glycosylation, oxidation, and deamidation — under native and stress conditions. Collectively, these studies demonstrate a streamlined and adaptable workflow for comprehensive biotherapeutic characterization.<blockquote>Sara Carillo, Ph.D. &nbsp;(Bioanalytical Research Lead, Characterization and Comparability Laboratory National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training (NIBRT), Dublin, Ireland)Sara Carillo completed her Ph.D. in chemical sciences in 2013 at the University of Naples Federico II, where she focused on the structural characterization of polysaccharides and glycoconjugates from Gram-negative bacteria using NMR and mass spectrometry techniques. In 2015, she joined the CCL group at NIBRT, led by Prof. Jonathan Bones. She began her postdoctoral research investigating the effects of extractables and leachables from single-use bioreactors on both the CHO cell N-glycome and the monoclonal antibodies they produce. She currently serves as Bioanalytical Research Lead at NIBRT, where her work centers on developing new mass spectrometry–based analytical approaches to enable deeper and more accessible understanding of biomanufacturing processes and the structural complexity of biopharmaceuticals.Sukhdev Bangar (Senior Product Marketing Manager, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hemel Hempstead, UK)Sukhdev graduated from De Montfort University (UK) with a BSc. in Pharmaceutical Sciences. After which he worked in the Pharmaceutical industry at GSK &amp; Astra Zeneca performing LC &amp; LC-MS analyses. From 2005 till 2023 Sukhdev worked various roles at Waters Corporation; LC-MS applications, Pharma LC-MS Demo group leader and HPLC Product manager. In his current role at Thermo Fisher Scientific he is responsible for marketing activities for the Vanquish analytical LC’s product portfolio. In this role, he represents the voice of the customer helping shape the future of Vanquish LC systems.&nbsp;</blockquote>

Vendor Seminars at ISC 2026

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Thermo Fisher Scientific

The International Symposium on Chromatography (ISC) represents the oldest conference series focussing on separation science. ISC symposia have been organised since 1956 in each even year. ISC is internationally recognised as one of the premier meeting series for discussion of all modes of chromatography and separation science with a broad coverage of techniques and applications.

International Symposium on Chromatography - (ISC)

My main interest is the identification of organic compounds by mass spectrometry in organic mixtures.

James Little/Mass Spec Interpretation Services

Determination of nitrosamine content (Bioanalytic)

Our offer includes comprehensive development and validation of methods for determination of nitrosamines in pharmaceutical products. We perform the work according to the criteria and needs of the client based on the EMA note.

Determination of nitrosamines is one of the pharmaceutical industry's top priorities. After the presence of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was first reported in an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) mandated the identification and control of all APIs and finished products in which there is a risk of nitrosamines.The content of nitrosamines in drug products can be controlled primarily by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. More than that, a reliable analysis result in our offer consists of a well-chosen sample preparation procedure, a selective and sensitive analytical method, and the experience of the analyst, who selects the best method parameters at the optimization stage.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Bioanalytic_Determination_of_nitrosamine_content_Bioanalytic_2_ce4f440837.jpg" alt="Bioanalytic: Determination of nitrosamine content." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Bioanalytic_Determination_of_nitrosamine_content_Bioanalytic_2_ce4f440837.jpg 234w," sizes="100vw" width="1536" height="1024">We have gained experience working with leading pharmaceutical companies. As part of our ongoing work, we have developed analytical methods for small-molecule nitrosamines of 70-150 g/mol. These compounds are mainly formed during manufacturing processes and depend on the presence and type of excipients (e.g. NDBA - N-nitroso-dibutylamine). We have also developed methods for determining molecules with higher nitrosamine drug substance related impurities (NDSRIs). In our work, we focus on achieving the highest possible sensitivity, selectivity and precision. To this end, we individually select the parameters of the methods depending on the composition of the drug and the expected nitrosamines. Due to the above criteria and the required detection limits, we perform nitrosamine impurity determinations using LC-MS/MS kits based on <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=52&amp;search=QTRAP+5500%2B">QTRAP 5500+</a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=52&amp;search=QTRAP+6500%2B">QTRAP 6500+</a> mass spectrometers (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=55">SCIEX</a>).<blockquote>Our offerOur offer includes comprehensive development and validation of methods for determination of nitrosamines in pharmaceutical products. We perform the work according to the criteria and needs of the client based on the EMA note.At the stage of sample preparation, we focus on:<ul><li>obtaining the highest possible recovery of nitrosamines (matrix purification);</li><li>limiting additional synthesis of impurities (selection of appropriate equipment and reagents);</li><li>ensuring the stability of the sample prepared for LC-MS/MS analysis.</li></ul>During the optimization of the LC-MS/MS method, we solve such problems as:<ul><li>selection of an appropriate internal standard;</li><li>separation of the impurity from the API;</li><li>obtaining the expected sensitivity of the analytical method.</li></ul>Quantitative analysis of nitrosamines requires sensitivity, precision and accuracy, which we provide to our customers.</blockquote><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Bioanalytic_Determination_of_nitrosamine_content_Bioanalytic_1_d629e00e62.jpg" alt="Bioanalytic: Determination of nitrosamine content." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Bioanalytic_Determination_of_nitrosamine_content_Bioanalytic_1_d629e00e62.jpg 103w," sizes="100vw" width="1130" height="1710">

Identification of the proteins (Bioanalytic)

We perform proteomic analyses on a state-of-the-art high-resolution ZenoTOF 7600 (SCIEX), in which the Zeno ion trap and EAD (Electron-Activated Dissociation) technology together make a powerful combination.

Protein identification is based on experimental measurement of peptide molecular weights and matching the amino acid sequence of the protein under study with protein sequences deposited in libraries (databases). Two approaches are most commonly used in proteomic studies: top-down and bottom-up. The top-down method involves analyzing full protein sequences. Bottom-up analyses, on the other hand, use digestion of proteins with proteolytic enzymes. The peptides obtained by digestion are analyzed using a mass spectrometer. Each analysis leads to a comparison of experimental data with data obtained by theoretical digestion of proteins described in the database.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Bioanalytic_Identification_of_the_proteins_Bioanalytic_2_6231b73f0d.jpg" alt="Bioanalytic: Identification of the proteins." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Bioanalytic_Identification_of_the_proteins_Bioanalytic_2_6231b73f0d.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1536" height="766"><h4>LC-MS/MS</h4>Tandem mass spectrometers are commonly used to determine protein sequences. They allow ion selection of pseudomolecular peptides and then fragmentation and measurement of the masses of the resulting fragments. Fragmentation using collision induced dissociation(CID ) is an invaluable tool in targeted and untargeted MS/MS analysis of small molecules. It is important to note that in proteomic analysis, data obtained using the aforementioned fragmentation method may leave gaps. For example, spectra obtained by CID fragmentation do not allow unambiguous differentiation of some amino acids: leucine from isoleucine (identical molar masses and CID fragmentation) and lysine from glutamine (very similar masses). For this reason, we perform proteomic analyses on a state-of-the-art high-resolution <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=52&amp;search=+ZenoTOF+7600">ZenoTOF 7600</a> (SCIEX), in which the Zeno ion trap and EAD (Electron-Activated Dissociation) technology together make a powerful combination. It enables the creation of unique fragments to differentiate problematic amino acids and increase the sensitivity and specificity of the analysis.<blockquote>We perform analyses of:<ul><li>samples from solution;</li><li>samples from a gel;</li><li>samples from a complex matrix (by prior arrangement);</li><li>samples from lyophilizer;</li><li>samples previously prepared by the client.</li></ul>Qualitative analysis of proteins includes:<ul><li>To confirm the presence of a protein, the sample is subjected to digestion and the result obtained from experimental data is compared with theoretical data;</li><li>Comparison of experimental data on the masses of peptides included in the analyzed protein with the protein sequences described in the database;</li><li>Analysis and identification of the protein mixture;</li><li>Identification of post translational modifications (PTMs) (we use the tools: Skyline, Spectronaut).</li><li>Reporting of the result including, but not limited to, confirmation of the coverage of the protein sequence obtained in the test sample with the theoretical protein and the list of modified peptides, location and % of modifications.</li></ul>Comparative analyses include:<ul><li>Determining the composition of mixtures;</li><li>Comparison and profiling of sample series - protein identification and trend analysis.</li></ul>Our offer also includes:<ul><li>Support in the planning and execution of studies (the scope is determined individually);</li><li>Assistance in the development of extraction methods from complex matrices - biological fluids, plant tissue, animal tissues (the scope is determined individually);</li><li>Statistical analysis using tools: MarkerView (PCA), GraphPad Prism, Trends, Sciex OS;</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1294">Quantitative analysis of proteins</a>;</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1296">Analysis and characterization of monoclonal antibodies</a>.</li></ul></blockquote><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Bioanalytic_Identification_of_the_proteins_Bioanalytic_1_97cf8c94b3.jpg" alt="Bioanalytic: Identification of the proteins." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Bioanalytic_Identification_of_the_proteins_Bioanalytic_1_97cf8c94b3.jpg 117w," sizes="100vw" width="1500" height="2000">

Products from category Pharmaceutical analyses focused on LC/MS/MS - page 1

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