EU Regulation 396/2005: Pesticide Residue Testing and the Critical Role of QuEChERS Evaporation in Food Safety

<div><div><p><strong>Researchers led by </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://kudova.group.uochb.cz/en"><strong>Eva Kudová</strong></a><strong> from IOCB Prague and Jitka Viktorová from UCT Prague have identified new androstane-based steroid derivatives that can significantly improve the effectiveness of existing antibiotics against multidrug-resistant </strong><i><strong>Staphylococcus aureus</strong></i><strong>.</strong></p></div></div><div><p>The team screened dozens of natural steroidal hormones and synthetic derivatives to see whether they could block bacterial efflux pumps – mechanisms that bacteria use to eject antibiotics and survive treatment. Two compounds emerged as particularly promising: they inhibited efflux pumps and lowered the effective doses of antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin and erythromycin.</p><p>Further analysis showed that one of the compounds also suppressed genes linked to bacterial virulence. Another key finding is that the most active molecules are non-toxic to human immune cells and showed no detectable endocrine activity, suggesting a favorable safety profile.</p><p>These findings support the idea that rationally designed steroid-based molecules could act as antibiotic adjuvants, helping existing drugs overcome bacterial resistance.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/IOCB_Prague_Steroidal_hormones_and_neurosteroids_novel_therapeutic_strategies_in_bacterial_infections_8e5d2a7b48.jpg" alt="IOCB Prague: Steroidal hormones and neurosteroids – novel therapeutic strategies in bacterial infections" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_IOCB_Prague_Steroidal_hormones_and_neurosteroids_novel_therapeutic_strategies_in_bacterial_infections_8e5d2a7b48.jpg 222w," sizes="100vw" width="1258" height="886"></p><blockquote><h4><strong>Original Article</strong></h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0223523426001613?via%3Dihub"><strong>Steroidal hormones and neurosteroids - novel therapeutic strategies in bacterial infections: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation</strong></a></h4><p>Daniela Brdová, Bára Křížkovská, Jan Špaček, Zdeněk Míchal, Eva Jablonská, Ondřej Strnad, Hana Chodounská, Eszter Szánti-Pintér, Marina Morozovová, Václav Hanžl, Jan Tkadlec, Martijn Riool, Jan Lipov, Jitka Viktorová, Eva Kudová&nbsp;</p><p><i><strong>Eur. J. Med. Chem., 2026, 308, 118716</strong></i></p><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2026.118716">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2026.118716</a></p><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><strong>CC-BY 4.0</strong></a></h6></blockquote><h4><strong>Abstract</strong></h4><p>The global rise of antibiotic resistance necessitates novel therapeutic strategies for infectious diseases. Inhibition of bacterial efflux pumps, which contribute to multidrug resistance, represents a promising approach to restore or even increase the efficacy of existing antibiotics. Using fluorescence-based ethidium bromide accumulation, broth microdilution, and checkerboard assays, we evaluated 26 endogenous steroidal hormones and neurosteroids, along with 30 synthetic derivatives, for their ability to enhance antibiotic susceptibility in multidrug-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Structure-activity relationship analysis identified compounds <strong>13</strong> and <strong>16</strong> as lead candidates, exhibiting strong efflux pump inhibition and marked reductions in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin and erythromycin. Both compounds showed additive effects in checkerboard assays. Modifications at C-3 (polar substitution) and C-17 (3α,5β-stereochemistry and nonpolar substitution) were essential for potent efflux inhibition and sensitization, although these modifications were not additive when combined. Transcriptome analysis further revealed that compound <strong>13</strong> significantly downregulated <i>S. aureus</i> virulence-associated genes when administered alone or in combination with antibiotics. Cytotoxicity assessment in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and receptor transactivation assays for estrogen, androgen, and progesterone receptors indicated that the most active derivatives were non-toxic and lacked detectable endocrine activity, suggesting a favorable safety profile. Overall, these findings support the concept that rationally designed andostane-based steroidal scaffolds can function as competitive bacterial efflux pump inhibitors and serve as potential antibiotic adjuvants to mitigate efflux-mediated resistance.</p><h4><strong>Instrumentation</strong></h4><h5><strong>Structural characterization</strong></h5><ul><li><strong>AVANCE III 400 MHz NMR spectrometer</strong> (Bruker)</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=3&amp;search=LTQ+Orbitrap+XL"><strong>LTQ Orbitrap XL HRMS</strong></a> (Thermo Fisher Scientific, ESI)</li></ul></div>

Steroidal hormones and neurosteroids – novel therapeutic strategies in bacterial infections

<p><strong>Metformin is currently the first-line oral drug of choice for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It reduces glucose production in the liver, improves tissue sensitivity to insulin, and does not cause weight gain or hypoglycemia, which sets it apart from some other antidiabetic drugs. Moreover, its long-term beneficial effects on the risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes have been well established. Researchers from the Institute of Physiology CAS (IPHYS) have identified a new group of blood metabolites that could help physicians objectively monitor whether patients with type 2 diabetes are taking their metformin as prescribed.</strong></p><h4><strong>New biomarkers for metformin use</strong></h4><p>A team led by Tomáš Čajka from the Laboratory of Translational Metabolism at IPHYS analyzed plasma samples from <strong>637 patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin</strong> and <strong>143 non-diabetic controls</strong> using advanced metabolomics and lipidomics. Among 614 detected metabolites, they identified five from the group of <strong>N-lactoyl-amino acids </strong>(e.g. N‑lactoyl-phenylalanine), which had previously been seen as unknown signals due to missing reference spectra in databases. The levels of these metabolites in the blood closely reflected the plasma concentrations of metformin. In patients with the highest metformin exposure, the concentrations of these metabolites were up to 7.2 times higher than in controls.</p><h4><strong>A sensitive “fingerprint” of the drug’s effect</strong></h4><p>N-Lactoyl-amino acids are formed in cells by combining lactate and amino acids, thus reflecting the metformin-induced changes in cellular energy metabolism. “<i>Importantly, even though they occur in plasma only at nanomolar concentrations, they reliably distinguish patients who take metformin regularly from those who take it irregularly or not at all</i>,” emphasizes T. Čajka.</p><h4><strong>Metabolomics in practice and international collaboration</strong></h4><p>The study also provides a detailed description of broader metabolic changes in type 2 diabetes, including increases in lactate, organic acids, and branched-chain amino acids, as well as extensive remodelling of the lipid profile. In addition to T. Čajka’s team, collaborators from the Institute for <strong>Clinical and Experimental Medicine in Prague</strong> and the <strong>West Coast Metabolomics Center</strong> (University of California, Davis) also participated in the study.</p><p>The results demonstrate that advanced metabolomics approaches developed at IPHYS within the <strong>CarDia project</strong> can find highly practical applications both in clinical studies and in personalized monitoring of treatment in patients with diabetes.</p><blockquote><h4><strong>The original article</strong></h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cpt.70205"><strong>Untargeted Metabolomics Identifies N-Lactoyl-Amino Acids as Dose-Responsive Plasma Biomarkers of Metformin Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes</strong></a></h4><p>Tomas Cajka, Jiri Hricko, Lucie Rudl Kulhava, Michaela Paucova, Michaela Novakova, Veronika Hola, Stanislava Rakusanova, Oliver Fiehn, Vojtech Skop, Ivana Lankova, Iva Miskova, Terezie Pelikanova, Martin Haluzik</p><p>Clin Pharmacol Ther, 119: 1057-1069</p><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.70205">https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.70205</a></p><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><strong>CC-BY 4.0</strong></a></h6></blockquote><h4><strong>Abstract</strong></h4><p>Metformin is the most widely prescribed antidiabetic drug, yet adherence remains difficult to objectively assess. Using untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics, we analyzed plasma from 637 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with confirmed metformin use and 143 nondiabetic controls, annotating 614 metabolites. Patients were stratified by plasma metformin into sub-therapeutic, therapeutic, and supra-therapeutic groups, and associations were evaluated by multiple linear regression and composite metabolite ranking. Five previously unannotated features were structurally identified as N-lactoyl-amino acids, whose levels correlated strongly with plasma metformin (ρ = 0.42–0.55, P &lt; 0.0001) and increased up to 7.2-fold in the supra-therapeutic group (&gt; 2000 ng/mL). While N-lactoyl-amino acids were consistently detected in the nanomolar range, they still displayed robust and dose-dependent associations with metformin. Broader metabolic changes in T2D included elevated lactate, organic acids, and branched-chain amino acids, together with reduced urea cycle metabolites. Lipidomics showed increases in saturated triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols and decreases in cholesteryl esters, sphingomyelins, and phospholipids. These findings establish N-lactoyl-amino acids as robust, dose-responsive plasma biomarkers of metformin exposure. Despite being up to four orders of magnitude less abundant than their amino acid precursors, they sensitively reflect mitochondrial lactate overflow and pharmacodynamic adaptation, offering objective assessment of adherence.</p>

New blood biomarkers reveal how faithfully diabetes patients take metformin

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The Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS) was established by Act No. 283/1992 Coll. as the Czech successor of the former Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences. It is set up as a complex of 54 public research institutions.

Czech Academy of Sciences

The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IOCB Prague) is a leading scientific institution in the Czech Republic, recognized internationally. Its primary mission is basic research in the fields of chemical biology and medicinal chemistry, organic and material oriented chemistry, chemistry of natural compounds, biochemistry and molecular biology, physical chemistry, theoretical chemistry, and analytical chemistry. 

Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences

Organomation, founded in 1959, designs and manufactures high-quality nitrogen evaporators and extraction systems. Known for innovation and durability, their lab instruments are used globally for efficient sample preparation with strong customer support.

Organomation

Galochrom Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns

These HPLC columns are based on high-quality spherical silica from the world's leading silica manufacturer from Japan.

<p><strong>Chiral ion exchanger GEN-QD is highly efficient in the enantiomer resolution of acidic compounds.</strong></p><p>This product is now available in high quality and at a reasonable price at our company!</p><p>To create our <strong>chiral sorbent</strong>, we use <strong>3µm fully porous spherical silica particles</strong>, which provide greater efficiency than the original product.</p><p>Additionally, our <strong>Galo-ION-QD-200</strong> is recommended for <strong>biological applications</strong> due to its larger pore size, which improves the separation efficiency for large molecules.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_kolony_ION_QD_selector_10dd9c7ee5.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Galochrom Chiral ION-QD selector."></p><h5><strong>Premium Quality</strong></h5><p>In every manufactured product, we guarantee the highest standards of quality.</p><h5><strong>Cost-effective</strong></h5><p>Our unique products optimize your budget &amp; enhance efficiency in your laboratory operations.</p><h5><strong>High-performance</strong></h5><p>Besides their outstanding performance, our HPLC columns also expand your separation possibilities.</p><h3><strong>Ordering information</strong></h3><blockquote><p><strong>Stationary phase Chiral ION-QD is provided in these column types: analytical and preparative</strong></p></blockquote><h4><strong>Analytical Columns</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Dimensions [mm]: 150 x 3</strong></li><li>Porosity: [Å] 200</li><li>Cat. No.: ION02-A150</li><li><strong>Price [€]: 1 300</strong></li></ul><blockquote><h4><strong>Get up to a 20% discount on your first purchase with us.</strong></h4></blockquote><h3><strong>Reach new heights</strong></h3><p>Spend more time on testing and less time on troubleshooting</p><blockquote><h4><strong>How can our unique columns help you succeed?</strong></h4><p>Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD empower researchers with their daily tasks, such as:</p><ul><li>Seamless method development</li><li>Enantioseparation</li><li>Quality control</li><li>Monitoring of asymmetric reactions</li><li>Intermolecular interaction studies</li><li>Pharmacokinetic studies</li><li>Preparative separation</li><li>Production scale-up</li><li>Efficient purification</li></ul></blockquote><h4><strong>What makes Chiral </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1241"><strong>ION-QN</strong></a><strong> and ION-QD unique?</strong></h4><p><span style="font-size:20px;"><strong>Designed for stability</strong></span></p><p>The manufacturing of Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD was designed to produce highly reproducible and reliable HPLC columns. Our high standards in synthesis of organic selectors and robust packing technology ensures that each customer receives identical high-performance product.</p><p><strong>The chromatographic results are reproducible from run-to-run, column-to-column and batch-to-batch.</strong></p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_1_9dea7516f4.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - Designed for stability." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_1_9dea7516f4.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="655" height="376"></p><p>During our manufacturing, we implement strict quality control measures over all aspects from silica chemistry up to column packing. As a result, almost no variation is observed among manufactured batches of chiral stationary phases.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_2_50c42d67e6.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - Designed for stability." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_2_50c42d67e6.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1176" height="442"></p><h3><strong>Achieve your results</strong></h3><p>Increase your productivity with uniform, stable, and reproducible results</p><h4><strong>High-Quality Silica</strong></h4><p>Our columns contain fully-porous spherical particles from world’s leading manufacturer based in Japan. These ultra-pure silica particles have narrow size distribution to ensure reproducible, robust and reliable results.</p><p>In comparison to other manufacturers, Galochrom’s custom packing technology produces very stable and uniform bed with intact silica particles. As a<br>result, our columns:</p><ul><li>Enhance productivity and resolution</li><li>Provide accurate and consistent performance</li><li>Generate significantly higher plate counts</li></ul><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_High_Quality_Silica_522d14ecf7.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - High-Quality Silica." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_High_Quality_Silica_522d14ecf7.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="617" height="386"></p><h4><strong>Elution Order</strong></h4><p>Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD represent a pair of columns that enable the reversal of elution order of enantiomers.<strong> Now you can position your desired enantiomer first and easily achieve 100% purity at higher pace.</strong></p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Elution_Order_85c5b02411.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - Elution Order." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Elution_Order_85c5b02411.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="953" height="545"></p><p>The elution order was investigated with other QN/QD derivatives using enantiomeric pairs of Leucine derivatives. The conclusions for the first eluent are following:</p><ul><li>Chiral ION-QN ⇒ L-Enantiomer</li><li>Chiral ION-QD ⇒ D-Enantiomer</li></ul>

Galochrom Chiral ION-QN HPLC columns

These HPLC columns are based on high-quality spherical silica from the world's leading silica manufacturer from Japan. 

<p><strong>Our company is proud to offer the Galo ION-QN chiral ion exchanger, which is capable of efficiently separating enantiomers of acidic compounds.</strong></p><p>This product is now available in high quality and at a reasonable price at our company!</p><p>To create our <strong>chiral sorbent</strong>, we use <strong>3µm fully porous spherical silica particles</strong>, which provide greater efficiency than the original product.</p><p>Additionally, our <strong>Galo-ION-QN-200</strong> is recommended for <strong>biological applications</strong> due to its larger pore size, which improves the separation efficiency for large molecules.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_HPLC_kolony_ION_QN_selector_f3789cb2c1.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Galochrom Chiral ION-QN selector."></p><h5><strong>Premium Quality</strong></h5><p>In every manufactured product, we guarantee the highest standards of quality.</p><h5><strong>Cost-effective</strong></h5><p>Our unique products optimize your budget &amp; enhance efficiency in your laboratory operations.</p><h5><strong>High-performance</strong></h5><p>Besides their outstanding performance, our HPLC columns also expand your separation possibilities.</p><h3><strong>Ordering information</strong></h3><blockquote><p><strong>Stationary phase Chiral ION-QN is provided in these column types: analytical and preparative</strong></p></blockquote><h4><strong>Analytical Columns</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Dimensions [mm]: 150 x 3</strong></li><li>Porosity: [Å] 200</li><li>Cat. No.: ION01-A150</li><li><strong>Price [€]: 1 300</strong></li></ul><blockquote><h4><strong>Get up to a 20% discount on your first purchase with us.</strong></h4></blockquote><h3><strong>Reach new heights</strong></h3><p>Spend more time on testing and less time on troubleshooting</p><blockquote><h4><strong>How can our unique columns help you succeed?</strong></h4><p>Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD empower researchers with their daily tasks, such as:</p><ul><li>Seamless method development</li><li>Enantioseparation</li><li>Quality control</li><li>Monitoring of asymmetric reactions</li><li>Intermolecular interaction studies</li><li>Pharmacokinetic studies</li><li>Preparative separation</li><li>Production scale-up</li><li>Efficient purification</li></ul></blockquote><h4><strong>What makes Chiral ION-QN and </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1240"><strong>ION-QD</strong></a><strong> unique?</strong></h4><p><span style="font-size:20px;"><strong>Designed for stability</strong></span></p><p>The manufacturing of Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD was designed to produce highly reproducible and reliable HPLC columns. Our high standards in synthesis of organic selectors and robust packing technology ensures that each customer receives identical high-performance product.</p><p><strong>The chromatographic results are reproducible from run-to-run, column-to-column and batch-to-batch.</strong></p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_1_9dea7516f4.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - Designed for stability." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_1_9dea7516f4.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="655" height="376"></p><p>During our manufacturing, we implement strict quality control measures over all aspects from silica chemistry up to column packing. As a result, almost no variation is observed among manufactured batches of chiral stationary phases.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_2_50c42d67e6.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - Designed for stability." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_2_50c42d67e6.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1176" height="442"></p><h3><strong>Achieve your results</strong></h3><p>Increase your productivity with uniform, stable, and reproducible results</p><h4><strong>High-Quality Silica</strong></h4><p>Our columns contain fully-porous spherical particles from world’s leading manufacturer based in Japan. These ultra-pure silica particles have narrow size distribution to ensure reproducible, robust and reliable results.</p><p>In comparison to other manufacturers, Galochrom’s custom packing technology produces very stable and uniform bed with intact silica particles. As a<br>result, our columns:</p><ul><li>Enhance productivity and resolution</li><li>Provide accurate and consistent performance</li><li>Generate significantly higher plate counts</li></ul><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_High_Quality_Silica_522d14ecf7.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - High-Quality Silica." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_High_Quality_Silica_522d14ecf7.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="617" height="386"></p><h4><strong>Elution Order</strong></h4><p>Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD represent a pair of columns that enable the reversal of elution order of enantiomers.<strong> Now you can position your desired enantiomer first and easily achieve 100% purity at higher pace.</strong></p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Elution_Order_85c5b02411.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - Elution Order." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Elution_Order_85c5b02411.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="953" height="545"></p><p>The elution order was investigated with other QN/QD derivatives using enantiomeric pairs of Leucine derivatives. The conclusions for the first eluent are following:</p><ul><li>Chiral ION-QN ⇒ L-Enantiomer</li><li>Chiral ION-QD ⇒ D-Enantiomer</li></ul>

ECOM ION-QN and ION-QD Chiral HPLC Columns

 Weak Anion-Exchanger (WAX) stationary phases for reliable chiral separation of organic acids and amino acids. The most efficient approach to purify and resolve even the most troublesome enantiomeric mixtures.

<p><strong>Weak Anion-Exchanger (WAX) stationary phases for reliable chiral separation of organic acids and amino acids.&nbsp;</strong></p><p>We introduce our own generic series of weak anion-exchangers, based on <strong>tert-butyl-carbamoylated Cinchona alkaloids quinine (QN)</strong> and <strong>quinidine (QD)</strong>. Our Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD columns contain a well-balanced pair of pseudoenantiomeric chiral selectors, designed to efficiently separate enantiomers of acidic compounds. These columns represent the most efficient approach to purify and resolve even the most troublesome enantiomeric mixtures.</p><h4><strong>Applications</strong></h4><ul><li>Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD are ideal for enantioseparations of chiral acidic compounds, including:</li><li>N-protected amino acids</li><li>Aminophosphonic &amp; Aminosulfonic acids</li><li>Lactic &amp; Thiolactic acids</li><li>Clenbuterol &amp; Thyroxine</li></ul><h4><strong>Key Benefits</strong></h4><ul><li>Provide better separation power and increased enantioselectivity (in comparison to other available alternatives)</li><li>Allow elegant switch of the elution order of enantiomers</li><li>Demonstrated high stability against all common HPLC solvents</li><li>Enable enhanced method development</li><li>Available at analytical and preparative scale</li></ul><h4><strong>Columns</strong></h4><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ECOM_Chiral_HPLC_Column_ION_QN_and_ION_QD_6_085a58fc5e.jpg" alt="ECOM: Chiral HPLC Column ION-QN and ION-QD" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ECOM_Chiral_HPLC_Column_ION_QN_and_ION_QD_6_085a58fc5e.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1059" height="531"></p><h4><strong>Features&nbsp;</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Max. pressure</strong>: 5800 psi (400 bar)</li><li><strong>Particle size</strong>: 3 or 5 μm</li><li><strong>pH range</strong>: 2 to 9</li><li><strong>Pore size</strong>: 120 Å</li><li><strong>Surface area</strong>: 300 m²/g</li><li><strong>Max. temperature</strong>: 60 °C</li><li><strong>Packing material</strong>: Spherical, Fully Porous</li><li><strong>Carbon load</strong>: 13.0 %</li><li><strong>End-capped</strong>: Yes</li><li><strong>Product line</strong>: ION</li></ul><p>The mobile phase composition (methanol-formic acid-ammonium formate) has been optimized for preparative applications to provide high column loadability, fast analyte elution, and good peak shape. Moreover, the buffer allows for simple product harvesting by solvent evaporation and subsequent ammonium formate sublimation 50 °C / 10 torr.</p><p>The anion exchangers are perfect for the purification of organic acids and their chiral separation. They are very efficient in the chiral resolution of amino acids, but also other derivatives, such as amino phosphonic acids. Aminophosphonic acids are important precursors in the synthesis of phosphopeptidomimetics, which may potentially serve as new-generation pharmaceuticals.</p>

Phenomenex Biozen WCX LC columns

Biozen WCX reproduces heterogeneity with high yield using bioinert titanium column hardware.

<p><strong>Biozen WCX</strong> was constructed with linear polycarboxylate chains grafted to monosized non-porous polymeric particles, to sinuously envelop and separate proteins from acidic and basic variants. With a highly tuned and controlled manufacturing process, Biozen WCX affords scientists a way to reproducibly characterize heterogeneity with an added advantage of excellent recovery using bioinert titanium column hardware.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Biozen_WCX_HPLC_Column_c54ed3343d.webp" alt="Phenomenex: Biozen WCX HPLC Column" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Biozen_WCX_HPLC_Column_c54ed3343d.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="500" height="150"></p><ul><li><strong>Separation Mode:</strong> Ion Exchange</li><li><strong>Pore size:</strong> 0</li><li><strong>Particle size: </strong>6</li><li><strong>Recommended Use:</strong> Separate proteins from acidic/basic variants</li></ul><h4><strong>BioZen WCX Monosized Polymeric Non-Porous Particle</strong></h4><p>Monosized particles grafted with linear polycarboxylate chains to envelop and separate proteins from acidic/basic variants.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_bio_Zen_WCX_Monosized_Polymeric_Non_Porous_Particle_edc90e05a7.jpg" alt="Phenomenex: bioZen WCX Monosized Polymeric Non-Porous Particle" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_bio_Zen_WCX_Monosized_Polymeric_Non_Porous_Particle_edc90e05a7.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="899" height="498"></p><h4><strong>Minimize your priming and promote better recovery with our BioTi™ biocompatible hardware</strong></h4><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Bio_Ti_biocompatible_hardware_31656d98d6.jpg" alt="Phenomenex: BioTi™ biocompatible hardware" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Bio_Ti_biocompatible_hardware_31656d98d6.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1306" height="511"></p><h4><strong>Monosized Particles for Optimal Consistency</strong></h4><p>Our specially crafted polymeric particle is produced with outstanding precision so that you can be confident in increased performance and minimized variation between lots.</p><h4><strong>Charge Variant Analysis</strong></h4><p>BioZen WCX was crafted to consistently decipher between native protein variants that arise from PTMs within a therapeutics creation and development. The linear polycarboxylate chains grafted to monosized non-porous polymeric particles, envelop and separate proteins from acidic and basic protein variants. With such a highly. tuned and controlled manufacturing process, bioZen WCX media affords scientists a way to reproducibly characterize heterogeneity while taking advantage of excellent recovery through high particle inertness and bioinert titanium BioTi™ column hardware.</p><h4><strong>Native Mode Mass Spectrometry with bioZen WCX</strong></h4><p>Ion-exchange chromatography (IEX) is a technique employed in the characterization of biotherapeutics under nondenaturing conditions. Standard mobile phase conditions for these techniques are high in salt concentration, rendering them incompatible with mass spectrometry (MS) detection. Native MS represents a cutting edge approach to employ MS compatible mobile phases for non-denaturing IEX analysis. Observe and measure the non-covalent interactions and charge variants of proteins at high resolution using bioZen WCX.</p><h3><strong>Phenomenex Biozen Biologics LC Columns</strong></h3><p>With a new titanium <strong>BioTi™</strong> biocompatible <strong>hardware</strong> to minimize priming, <strong>four particle platforms</strong> for optimal versatility and <strong>nine particle chemistries</strong> to maximize selectivity and sensitivity, Biozen UHPLC/HPLC columns for <strong>protein analysis</strong> are seamlessly designed to bring peace of mind to your analysis of biologics through:</p><ul><li>Charge Variant Analysis</li><li>Aggregate Analysis</li><li>Peptide Mapping</li><li>Intact Mass Analysis</li><li>Intact and Subunit Analysis</li><li>Glycan Analysis</li><li>Peptide Quantitation</li><li>Drug Antibody Ratio (DAR)</li><li>Oligonucleotide Characterization</li></ul><h3><strong>Biocompatible Flow Path with BioTi™ Hardware</strong></h3><p>Keep your mind at ease knowing that we’ve minimized the need for priming with a new titanium infused biocompatible hardware and frit that doesn’t interfere with protein or peptide integrity!</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Bio_Ti_Hardware_991fb53395.jpg" alt="Phenomenex: BioTi Hardware" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Bio_Ti_Hardware_991fb53395.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1378" height="426"></p><h3><strong>4 Advanced Particle Platforms</strong></h3><p>All four of the Biozen particle platforms were individually designed and built by Phenomenex to take advantage of integral levels of performance, ruggedness, and reproducibility for protein characterization applications. Individually, each platform differs in the proprietary processing techniques used to control particle size and morphology.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Advanced_Particle_Platforms_a0959aca03.jpg" alt="Phenomenex: Advanced Particle Platforms" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Advanced_Particle_Platforms_a0959aca03.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1439" height="868"></p>

Watrex Polymer IEX HPLC columns

Do you need HPLC columns for the determination of organic acids, alcohols and sugars? Columns filled with a monodisperse sorbent based on sulfonated styrenedivinylbenzene.

<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/?s=watrex+polymer+iex&amp;post_type=product&amp;dgwt_wcas=1?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty"><strong>Watrex Polymer IEX™</strong></a><strong> is the Europe’s leading sorbent for ion exclusion analysis of alcohols, carboxylic acids, sugars, and polysacharides</strong></p><ul><li>H⁺, Ca²⁺, Pb²⁺ and Na⁺ forms</li><li>Unique monodispersed sorbent based on sulfonated polystyrene</li><li>Bulk packing materials available</li></ul><h3><strong>H form</strong></h3><p>The hydrogen form is suitable for <strong>organic acids</strong>, <strong>alcohols</strong> and <strong>some sugars</strong> in natural materials. The column is particularly suitable for the analysis of <strong>fruit drinks</strong>, <strong>wine</strong>, etc. Its great advantage is the high stability of retention times and the wide concentration range of analytes.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Column_250x8mm_IEX_H_4da682fa13.jpg" alt="Watrex: Column 250x8mm IEX H"></p><h3><strong>Ca form</strong></h3><p>The calcium form is characterized by good selectivity for the separation of <strong>mono-</strong> and <strong>disaccharides</strong> in natural materials. The column must be protected from anions forming insoluble calcium salts (phosphates, sulphates, etc.) and cations with a higher affinity for the sorbent than calcium ions.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Column_250x8mm_IEX_Ca_b840dddcce.jpg" alt="Watrex: Column 250x8mm IEX Ca"></p><h3><strong>Pb form</strong></h3><p>The lead form is suitable for the separation of <strong>mono-</strong> and <strong>disaccharides</strong> in natural materials. The column must be protected from anions forming insoluble lead salts (phosphates, sulphates, etc.) and cations with a higher</p><p>Use the appropriate <strong>pre-column to extend the life</strong> of the analytical column.</p><h3><strong>Ordering information:</strong></h3><h5><strong>PN/Component:</strong></h5><ul><li><strong>WI020223</strong> Watrex 300x8 mm Polymer IEX H form, 8 um</li><li><strong>WI020213</strong> Watrex 300x8 mm Polymer IEX Ca form, 8 um</li><li><strong>WI020253</strong> Watrex 300x8 mm Polymer IEX Pb form, 8 um</li><li><strong>WI02022</strong> Watrex 250x8 mm Polymer IEX H form, 8 um (<strong>Price 926 € ex VAT</strong>)</li><li><strong>WI02021</strong> Watrex 250x8 mm Polymer IEX Ca form, 8 um (<strong>Price 926 € ex VAT</strong>)</li><li><strong>WI02025</strong> Watrex 250x8 mm Polymer IEX Pb form, 8 um (<strong>Price 926 € ex VAT</strong>)</li><li><strong>WI02122</strong> Guard column insert 10x4.0 mm PEEK Polymer IEX H 8 um, 10 pcs</li><li><strong>WI02121</strong> Guard column insert 10x4.0 mm PEEK Polymer IEX Ca 8 um, 10 pcs</li><li><strong>WI029012</strong> Guard column holder (for 10x4.0 mm PEEK insert)</li></ul>

Products from category IEX HPLC columns - page 3

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