<p><strong>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have become a major global concern due to their persistence, bioaccumulation, and potential health impacts. With thousands of known PFAS compounds, and new variants continuing to emerge, identifying and quantifying them across complex environmental and biological samples is an ongoing analytical challenge.</strong></p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_From_Complexity_to_Clarity_Smarter_PFAS_Identification_Workflows_in_Compound_Discoverer_Software_2_8e83167891.jpg" alt="Thermo Fisher Scientific: From Complexity to Clarity: Smarter PFAS Identification Workflows in Compound Discoverer Software" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_From_Complexity_to_Clarity_Smarter_PFAS_Identification_Workflows_in_Compound_Discoverer_Software_2_8e83167891.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="574"></p><h3><strong>Why PFAS analysis matters</strong></h3><p>PFAS are used in everything from firefighting foams to non-stick coatings, yet their chemical stability means they persist in the environment and accumulate in living organisms. Regulators and scientists around the world are racing to better understand their distribution, fate, and toxicity.</p><p>But with tens of thousands of PFAS, many without available reference standards, traditional targeted analysis alone isn’t enough. Analysts increasingly rely on non-targeted analysis (NTA) workflows powered by high-resolution accurate-mass (HRAM) mass spectrometry and advanced software to uncover the full picture.</p><h3><strong>Addressing the challenges of PFAS identification</strong></h3><p>Successful non-targeted PFAS analysis requires overcoming several analytical hurdles:</p><ol><li>Acquiring high-quality MS¹ and MS² data with ultra-high mass resolution and accuracy.</li><li>Detecting low-abundance PFAS hidden within thousands of background compounds.</li><li>Leveraging comprehensive spectral libraries and databases for confident identification.</li><li>Applying data filtering and scoring tools to assign confidence levels to annotations.</li><li>Using visualization and statistical tools to interpret and compare complex datasets.</li></ol><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1759"><strong>Thermo Scientific Compound Discoverer 3.5 software </strong></a>brings together all the components needed for robust PFAS identification—integrating <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products?category=22&amp;manufacturerItems=3"><strong>HRAM Orbitrap MS</strong></a> data with an expanded suite of PFAS-specific libraries and databases.</p><p><strong>In a single workflow, users can:</strong></p><ul><li>Detect and annotate compounds automatically from LC-MS data.</li><li>Determine possible elemental formulas using isotope pattern and accurate mass information.</li><li>Compare MS² spectra against <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1764"><strong>mzCloud</strong></a>, NIST 2023, and <i>in silico</i> PFAS libraries.</li><li>Cross-reference annotations with the EPA PFAS Structure List and the NIST Suspect List of PFAS.</li><li>Use PFAS-specific fragment and neutral loss databases to strengthen identification confidence.</li></ul><p>With these resources combined, the software enables confident annotation of more than<strong> 40,000 PFAS </strong>compounds!</p><h3><strong>New tools for confident, streamlined PFAS identification</strong></h3><p>Compound Discoverer software introduces several new features designed to simplify and accelerate PFAS NTA workflows:</p><ul><li><strong>Apply PFAS Scoring Node:</strong> Automatically calculates PFAS-specific parameters and a new PFAS Score—no R scripting required.</li><li><strong>PFAS Plot:</strong> A visual tool that uses mass-defect metrics to highlight probable PFAS in complex datasets, following methods from Kaufman et al. (2022).</li><li><strong>Expanded suite of libraries and databases:</strong> Combines mzCloud, NIST, <i>in silico</i>, PFAS fragment databases, and a new neutral loss database for greater confidence.</li><li><strong>Advanced data visualization:</strong> Tools like Kendrick Mass Defect and Molecular Network plots reveal homologous PFAS series and related compound families.</li><li><strong>Built-in statistical analysis tools</strong>: Compare PFAS composition between samples using Principal Component Analysis, Differential analysis and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis.</li></ul><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_From_Complexity_to_Clarity_Smarter_PFAS_Identification_Workflows_in_Compound_Discoverer_Software_ed32c7f7c1.jpg" alt="Thermo Fisher Scientific From Complexity to Clarity Smarter PFAS Identification Workflows in Compound Discoverer Software" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_From_Complexity_to_Clarity_Smarter_PFAS_Identification_Workflows_in_Compound_Discoverer_Software_ed32c7f7c1.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="800" height="395"></p><h3><strong>From complexity to clarity</strong></h3><p>By uniting Orbitrap HRAM data with the most comprehensive PFAS libraries available, Compound Discoverer 3.5 software streamlines non-targeted PFAS analysis—helping laboratories move from data complexity to confident chemical clarity.</p><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/5612"><strong>Watch the on-demand webinar</strong></a> to see the full workflow in action and learn how Compound Discoverer software can enhance your PFAS analysis.</p><ul><li><strong>Visit us on&nbsp;</strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/72003132/admin/dashboard/"><strong><u>LinkedIn:</u></strong></a>&nbsp;#PFAS #CompoundDiscoverer #SpectralLibraries</li></ul><blockquote><h5><strong>Zoe Julian</strong></h5><p>Zoe Julian is a Product Marketing Manager for Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry software at Thermo Fisher Scientific. With over 12 years' experience of working with chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques with a background in GC and GC-MS(/MS) organic environmental analysis, she has helped many laboratories and industries improve their workflows through a unique understanding of their challenges. Transitioning to a focus on Chromeleon CDS she has shown customers how software solutions can improve their productivity and support their day-to-day operations.</p></blockquote>

From Complexity to Clarity: Smarter PFAS Identification Workflows in Compound Discoverer Software

<h3><strong>Two Dimensions, One Solution: Advancing Oligonucleotide Analysis with 2D-LC</strong></h3><h4><strong>Why Consider 2D-LC for Oligonucleotide Analysis?</strong></h4><p>In oligonucleotide analytics, achieving reliable and precise results is not optional—it is fundamental. These biomolecules are inherently complex, often containing truncated sequences, structural variants, and a wide range of impurities. Such complexity frequently exceeds the separation capabilities of conventional one-dimensional liquid chromatography (1D-LC). As a result, critical components may coelute or remain unresolved, limiting analytical confidence.</p><p><strong>Two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) </strong>offers a powerful alternative by significantly enhancing separation performance. By combining two complementary separation mechanisms, 2D-LC improves resolution, sensitivity, and overall analytical reliability. This enables a much deeper understanding of oligonucleotide samples and their compositional intricacies.</p><blockquote><h4><strong>Previous parts from the Oligos Made Easy</strong> <strong>series</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Part 1: </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/6808"><strong>Overview</strong></a></li><li><strong>Part 2: </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/6846"><strong>AEX</strong></a></li><li><strong>Part 3: </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/6880"><strong>IP-RP</strong></a></li><li><strong>Part 4: </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/6912"><strong>HILIC</strong></a></li><li><strong>Part 5: </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/6944"><strong>SEC</strong></a></li><li><strong>Part 6: </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/6982"><strong>Column Navigator</strong></a></li><li><strong>Part 7: </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/7012"><strong>Large Scale AEX</strong></a></li><li><strong>Part 8: </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/7045"><strong>Sepapure oliGO</strong></a></li></ul></blockquote><h4><strong>Moving Beyond the Limits of 1D-LC</strong></h4><p>For many years, 1D-LC has served as a standard tool for biopharmaceutical characterization. However, its inherent limitations become apparent when dealing with highly complex mixtures. The selectivity of a single chromatographic dimension is restricted, and the lack of orthogonality in retention mechanisms often results in insufficient separation. As sample complexity increases, the resolving power of 1D-LC becomes inadequate.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Figure_1_2_D_LC_Principle_Graphic_by_KNAUER_43e04d32a2.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Figure 1 - 2D-LC Principle (Graphic by KNAUER)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Figure_1_2_D_LC_Principle_Graphic_by_KNAUER_43e04d32a2.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1291" height="391"></p><p>Two-dimensional LC addresses these limitations by coupling two chromatographic separations, which can be either similar or fundamentally different. Each dimension targets different physicochemical properties of analytes, enabling the resolution of compounds that would otherwise overlap. In essence, 2D-LC introduces an additional level of separation capacity, allowing analysts to disentangle coeluting species that remain unresolved in a single dimension.</p><p>An important practical consideration is that the overall analysis time is governed by the second dimension. Because fractions from the first dimension must be processed sequentially, the second dimension must operate rapidly and efficiently. High-speed separations in the second dimension are therefore essential to maintain system performance and data quality.</p><h4><strong>Architecture of a 2D-LC System</strong></h4><p>At its core, a 2D-LC system relies on precise coordination between its components. The <strong>setup typically consists</strong> of <strong>two chromatographic columns</strong>, <strong>two pumping systems</strong>, and a <strong>switching valve</strong> that enables fraction transfer between dimensions. The sample is introduced through an autosampler and first separated on the primary column. Fractions of interest are then transferred into a loop via a switching valve and subsequently introduced into the second column for further separation.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Figure_2_2_D_LC_System_Configuration_Example_Graphic_by_KNAUER_f5747adf3a.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Figure 2 -  2D LC System Configuration Example (Graphic by KNAUER)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Figure_2_2_D_LC_System_Configuration_Example_Graphic_by_KNAUER_f5747adf3a.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="859" height="517"></p><p>The <strong>valve plays a crucial role</strong> in this process, acting as the interface between both chromatographic dimensions. Its function is to alternately <strong>collect fractions from the first dimension and inject them into the second dimension</strong> under high-pressure conditions. Various valve configurations can be employed, including ten-port or eight-port valves with dual-loop arrangements, or synchronized six-port valves. Regardless of configuration, the underlying principle remains the same: <strong>while one loop is being filled, the other is being flushed into the second dimension</strong>.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Figure_3_Schematic_figure_of_ten_port_left_and_eight_port_valve_right_2_position_setup_for_2_D_LC_Graphic_by_KNAUER_9209661ea8.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Figure 3 - Schematic figure of ten-port (left) and eight-port valve (right) 2-position setup for 2D-LC (Graphic by KNAUER)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Figure_3_Schematic_figure_of_ten_port_left_and_eight_port_valve_right_2_position_setup_for_2_D_LC_Graphic_by_KNAUER_9209661ea8.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1287" height="406"></p><p>This alternating process requires <strong>precise timing</strong>. The second-dimension separation must be completed before the next fraction is ready for transfer. Consequently, synchronization between flow rates, loop volumes, and switching intervals is essential for maintaining chromatographic integrity.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Figure_4_Schematic_figure_KNAUER_eight_port_2_position_valve_for_2_D_LC_Graphic_by_KNAUER_f9a5f06f5f.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Figure 4 - Schematic figure KNAUER eight-port 2 position valve for 2D-LC (Graphic by KNAUER)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Figure_4_Schematic_figure_KNAUER_eight_port_2_position_valve_for_2_D_LC_Graphic_by_KNAUER_f9a5f06f5f.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="756" height="391"></p><h4><strong>Applying 2D-LC to Oligonucleotide Analysis</strong></h4><p>In oligonucleotide workflows, 2D-LC combines two complementary separation strategies to address sample complexity. The <strong>first dimension</strong> is typically used for <strong>bulk separation</strong> based on properties such as <strong>size, charge, or polarity</strong>. Techniques such as <strong>size-exclusion chromatography</strong> (SEC), <strong>anion-exchange chromatography</strong> (AEX), <strong>ion-pair reversed-phase chromatography </strong>(IP-RP), <strong>hydrophilic interaction chromatography</strong> (HILIC), or <strong>mixed-mode chromatography</strong> (MMC) are commonly applied. This step reduces sample complexity and can also serve as an online desalting stage, removing salts and buffer components that could interfere with downstream detection, particularly when mass spectrometry is used.</p><p>Following this initial separation, selected fractions are transferred to the second dimension. This transfer can be performed either selectively or comprehensively, depending on the analytical goal. The second dimension is typically optimized for high-resolution separation, allowing detailed characterization of closely related species such as truncated oligonucleotides, sequence variants, or chemically modified impurities. When coupled with mass spectrometry, this setup enables accurate identification and sequencing.</p><p>A <strong>key advantage of 2D-LC</strong> lies in the <strong>flexibility of combining different stationary phases and mobile phase</strong> conditions.&nbsp;</p><p>Numerous separation combinations are possible, including:</p><ul><li>SEC×AEX</li><li>HILIC×IP-RP</li><li>IEC×IP-RP</li><li>IP-RP×IP-RP</li><li>AEX×HIC</li><li>MMC×SEC,</li><li>and even chiral×RP systems.&nbsp;</li></ul><p>This adaptability allows tailored workflows for specific analytical challenges.</p><h4><strong>Heart-Cutting vs. Comprehensive 2D-LC</strong></h4><p>When implementing 2D-LC, two primary transfer strategies are commonly used: <strong>heart-cutting</strong> and <strong>comprehensive transfer</strong>. Each approach offers distinct advantages depending on the analytical objective.</p><p><strong>Heart-cutting 2D-LC</strong> focuses on selected regions of interest from the first dimension. Only specific peaks or time windows are transferred to the second dimension for further analysis. This approach allows extended separation time and higher resolution in the second dimension, making it particularly suitable for targeted investigations of known critical compounds. However, because only selected fractions are analyzed, unexpected impurities outside the selected region may remain undetected.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Figure_5_2_D_LC_Single_Heart_Cut_Principle_Graphic_by_KNAUER_b1b400784b.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Figure 5 - 2D-LC Single Heart-Cut Principle (Graphic by KNAUER)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Figure_5_2_D_LC_Single_Heart_Cut_Principle_Graphic_by_KNAUER_b1b400784b.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1276" height="319"></p><p>In contrast, <strong>comprehensive 2D-LC</strong> transfers the entire eluate from the first dimension into the second dimension in a continuous manner. This approach provides a complete and detailed representation of the sample, making it ideal for research and development, impurity profiling, and regulatory applications. While more demanding in terms of speed and system performance, comprehensive 2D-LC ensures full sample coverage.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Figure_6_Full_Comprehensive_2_D_LC_Principle_Graphic_by_KNAUER_e13da63ef1.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Figure 6 - Full Comprehensive  2D-LC Principle (Graphic by KNAUER)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Figure_6_Full_Comprehensive_2_D_LC_Principle_Graphic_by_KNAUER_e13da63ef1.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1327" height="292"></p><p>In practice, <strong>hybrid approaches may also be employed</strong>, combining targeted heart-cutting with broader comprehensive analysis to balance resolution and coverage.</p><h4><strong>Practical Considerations for Method Development</strong></h4><p>Successful implementation of 2D-LC for oligonucleotide analysis requires careful method design.&nbsp;</p><h5><strong>1. Column selection</strong>&nbsp;</h5><p>It is a critical starting point, as the combination of stationary phases must provide sufficient orthogonality while maintaining compatibility between mobile phases. Typically, the first dimension is optimized for general separation of oligonucleotide size or class, while the second dimension focuses on sequence-specific resolution and compatibility with mass spectrometry.</p><h5><strong>2. Mobile phase selection&nbsp;</strong></h5><p>Differences in pH and organic modifiers can significantly influence separation behavior, but incompatibility between dimensions can compromise performance. Therefore, mobile phases must be designed as a coordinated system. The use of volatile buffers, such as ammonium acetate, is often preferred for MS-based detection.</p><h5><strong>3. Instrumentation&nbsp;</strong></h5><p>The switching valve must operate reliably under high pressure, with precise timing to ensure accurate fraction transfer. Loop volumes must be carefully selected to avoid overfilling, as excessive loading can lead to sample loss and distortion due to flow profile effects. As a general guideline, loops should not be filled beyond approximately 70% of their capacity.</p><h5><strong>4. Method development&nbsp;</strong></h5><p>Typically begins with optimization of the second dimension, as it dictates overall system timing. Fast separations using short columns and steep gradients are often required to maintain sufficient sampling frequency. Once the second dimension is established, the first dimension can be adjusted to achieve optimal resolution and compatibility.</p><h4><strong>Final Remarks</strong></h4><p>Two-dimensional liquid chromatography represents a powerful advancement in oligonucleotide analysis, enabling the resolution of complex mixtures that exceed the capabilities of conventional 1D approaches. By combining orthogonal separation mechanisms, 2D-LC reveals structural details and impurity profiles that would otherwise remain hidden.</p><p>However, achieving optimal performance requires careful balancing of multiple factors, including column chemistry, mobile phase compatibility, system timing, and data acquisition. When properly implemented, 2D-LC provides a robust and highly informative platform for modern oligonucleotide characterization.</p><blockquote><ul><li>If you're planning to set up or optimize your oligonucleotide workflow, feel free to contact us at <a href="sales@knauer.net"><strong>sales@knauer.net</strong></a>. Stay tuned for more exciting insights into the Oligonucleotide world in our “<strong>Oligos Made Easy</strong>” series.</li><li>For more in-depth discussion or questions, reach out to the author at <a href="kindler@knauer.net"><strong>kindler@knauer.net</strong></a></li></ul></blockquote>

Oligos Made Easy - Part 9: 2D-LC

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 14, 2026

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A unique company dedicated to serving science helping our customers drive productivity and accelerate results. Through our premier brands – Thermo Scientific, Applied Biosystems, Invitrogen, Fisher Scientific and Unity Lab Services.

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Based in Berlin, KNAUER is a medium-sized, owner-managed company that has been serving the sciences since 1962. We develop and manufacture scientific instruments of superior quality for liquid chromatography, including: Analytical HPLC/UHPLC, Preparative HPLC, Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), Multi-column chromatography/Simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography. High pressure dosing, in-line detection systems, and osmometry are additional business areas.

KNAUER

Waters Sample & Collection Plate

Waters 96-well and 384-well plates are adherent to ANSI and SBS standards and are suitable for LC autosamplers and liquid handling robots.

<div><div><h4><strong>Broad selection of high-quality sample and collection plates</strong></h4></div></div><div><div><p><strong>Waters 96-well and 384-well plates are adherent to ANSI and SBS standards and are suitable for LC autosamplers and liquid handling robots. Waters plates are made from polypropylene (PP) for chemical resistance, and specialty 96-well plates with glass inserts are available for samples that are not suitable for polypropylene containers.</strong></p><h3><strong>Overview</strong></h3><div><div><div><div><div><div><ul><li>96- and 384-well collection plates and sample plates are SBS/ANSI compliant for robotic compatible systems&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li><li>&nbsp;Constructed of polypropylene (PP) for chemical resistance</li><li>&nbsp;Glass inserts available for samples requiring glass surfaces</li><li>&nbsp;Heat seals and cap mats for plates and glass inserts</li></ul></div></div><div><div><h4><strong>Recommended Use</strong></h4><p>For general high-throughput LC and LC-MS work and for integration in (semi)-automated sample handling workflows.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/img_Waters_Sample_and_Collection_Plate_709693fdab.jpg" alt="imgWaters Sample &amp; Collection Plate." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_img_Waters_Sample_and_Collection_Plate_709693fdab.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="493"></p><h3><strong>Cap Mats</strong></h3><h4><strong>Silicone/PTFE &amp; Polypropylene Cap Mats</strong></h4><ul><li>Non-slit storage mats for long-term sample storage</li><li>Pre-slit silicone/PTFE and polypropylene cap mats for use in autosamplers for proper venting and sample draw accuracy with excellent resealing characteristics</li><li>Silicone/PTFE &amp; Polypropylene Cap Mats</li></ul><h3><strong>Heat Seals</strong></h3><h4><strong>Clear Polyester Heat Seals</strong></h4><ul><li>Can be used with most solvents &amp; buffers over a -80 °C to 80 °C temperature range</li><li>Requires a heat sealer to apply</li></ul><h4><strong>Aluminum Foil Heat Seals</strong></h4><ul><li>Made from a polyester/aluminum laminate</li><li>Ideal choice for long term storage to reduce evaporative loss</li><li>Aluminum layer reduces gas permeability of the seal</li><li>Can be used at temperatures from -200 °C to 90 °C</li><li>Requires a heat sealer to apply</li></ul><h4><strong>Adhesive Seals</strong></h4><ul><li>A polyolefin film with synthetic rubber adhesive</li><li>Ideal for use with protein and peptide samples and buffers</li><li>Resistant to small concentrations (0% to 30%) of polar organic solvents</li><li>Can be used at temperatures from -80 °C to 80 °C</li><li>Requires a heat sealer to apply</li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>

Waters CERTIFIED HPLC Vials

Reducing failed assays from unknown contaminant peaks and limiting instrument downtime from out of specification vials is a priority for your lab. Waters sample vials can help you do just that.

<div><div><h4><strong>Meet your analytical challenges with the right vial.</strong></h4></div></div><div><div><p><strong>The right vial.&nbsp;</strong><span><strong>A world of difference.</strong></span></p><p>Reducing failed assays from unknown contaminant peaks and limiting instrument downtime from out of specification vials is a priority for your lab. Waters sample vials can help you do just that.</p><p>All Waters sample vials are held to the tightest dimensional tolerances. Manufactured via a 2-, 3-, or 4-step certification process, we ensure that Waters Certified Vials meet and maintain specified vial dimensions, levels of cleanliness and adsorption properties from batch to batch.&nbsp;Find the right vial for your application and autosampler - use our <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://find.waters.com/VialSelector/"><strong>Vial Selector</strong></a> to find your perfect match.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Waters_CERTIFIED_Vials_118649175c.jpg" alt="Waters CERTIFIED Vials: Table 1. Vials for Routine and Advanced Analyses." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Waters_CERTIFIED_Vials_118649175c.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1226" height="754"></p><h3><strong>Waters LCMS CERTIFIED</strong></h3><p><span><strong>✅ </strong></span>Dimensional Test</p><p><span><strong>✅ </strong></span>Septum GC Test</p><p><span><strong>✅ </strong></span>HPLC UV Test</p><p><span><strong>✅ </strong></span>MS Scan</p><ul><li>Low MS interferences from known residues &amp; polymers</li><li>For routine QC and LC-MS analysis with lower analyte concentrations from 10-100s ng/ml.</li></ul><h3><strong>Waters TruView<sup>TM</sup> LCMS CERTIFIED</strong></h3><p><span><strong>✅ </strong></span>Dimensional Test</p><p><span><strong>✅ </strong></span>Septum GC Test</p><p><span><strong>✅ </strong></span>HPLC UV Test</p><p><span><strong>✅ </strong></span>MS Scan</p><p><span><strong>✅&nbsp;</strong></span>Low Adsorption Test</p><div><div><ul><li>Lowest MS interferences from known residues &amp; polymers</li><li>For high-end LC-MS analysis and quantification of analytes with a concentration of below 1 ng/ml with reduced adsorption of polar analytes.</li></ul><h3><strong>Waters CERTIFIED</strong></h3><p><span><strong>✅ </strong></span>Dimensional Test</p><p><span><strong>✅ </strong></span>Septum GC Test</p><p><span><strong>✅ </strong></span>HPLC UV Test</p><div><div><ul><li>No UV interferences caused caused by manufacturing and packaging residues</li><li>For routine QC LC-UV analysis&nbsp;of compounds in µg/mL&nbsp;concentrations.&nbsp;</li></ul><h3><strong>MAXPEAK QuanRecovery</strong></h3><ul><li>For high recovery peptide and protein quantification workflows. Reduces sample losses due to non-specific binding (NSB) and ionic interactions.</li></ul><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Waters_CERTIFIED_Vials_2_4fba532335.jpg" alt="Waters CERTIFIED Vials: Vials Shapes." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Waters_CERTIFIED_Vials_2_4fba532335.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1261" height="617"></p><div><div><h3><strong>Control data quality risks and reduce unexpected or ghost peaks</strong></h3><p>Don’t let the presence of background noise impact your results, causing data quality risks and unexpected or ghost peaks. Background noise can come from many factors.&nbsp;One of the most important factors are vial and septa cleanliness, which introduces contamination peaks. Ghost peaks are introduced by analyte degradation that can be triggered by significant pH changes in the diluent. In this chromatogram, the top shows normal behavior, and the bottom chromatogram shows ghost peaks.</p><p>Waters Certified vials are cleanliness tested so you don’t have to worry about contaminant peaks. The TruView pH Control Vials are certified to minimize and control a pH shift away from the neutral.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Waters_CERTIFIED_Vials_4_7749301ba1.jpg" alt="Waters CERTIFIED Vials: Prevent the appearance of unexpected peaks during LC/UV analysis with Waters LC/GC Certified Vials as a control strategy." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Waters_CERTIFIED_Vials_4_7749301ba1.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="535"></p><h3><strong>More time on development. Less on troubleshooting</strong></h3><p>Stop losing valuable development time on troubleshooting due to analyte loss from non-specific adsorption. Waters TruView pH Control LCMS Certified Vials have the lowest adsorptive losses on the market, and you can rely on them to provide consistency from batch to batch and vial to vial. This chromatogram shows a comparison of adsorptive loss of chlorhexidine in a variety of vials.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Waters_CERTIFIED_Vials_5_d3e42fa7f2.jpg" alt="Waters CERTIFIED Vials: Comparison of adsorptive loss of chlorhexidine acetate in a variety of vials." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Waters_CERTIFIED_Vials_5_d3e42fa7f2.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="633"></p><div><div><h3><strong>Ideal for demanding MS work</strong></h3><p>LCMS Certified Vials are suited for analyte concentrations in the 100s ng/mL concentration. Waters LCMS Certified Vials are tested by MS scans from 250 to 1000 <i>m/z</i> with specifications set on the total ion count and presence of clusters in the high mass range. This chromatogram shows a comparison of typical MS scans of Waters LCMS Certified Vials to vials of other sources and clean solvents.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Waters_CERTIFIED_Vials_3_4869fbf57a.jpg" alt="Waters CERTIFIED Vials: Comparing typical MS scans of Waters LCMS Certified Vials, with vials from other sources." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Waters_CERTIFIED_Vials_3_4869fbf57a.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="406"></p><div><div><h3><strong>Stay in control of your samples' pH</strong></h3><p>The analysis of low abundance species, pH sensitive analytes or not yet well understood compound mixtures benefit from consistent and well controlled vial surfaces. The glass surface of TruView pH Control LCMS Certified Vials minimizes pH shifts away from the neutral and thus eliminates unwanted reactions and resulting ghost peaks.&nbsp;Ghost peaks are very difficult to troubleshoot.</p><p>Waters TruView pH Control LCMS Certified vials were used to analyze two compounds, drospirenone and lovastatin. The TruView pH Control LCMS Certified Vials show little to no degradant formed over the time tested. Standard glass vials showed considerable degradant formation over the same testing time with irreproducible formation of the degradant across different vials.&nbsp;</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Waters_CERTIFIED_Vials_6_4dc330d849.jpg" alt="Waters CERTIFIED Vials: UV peak areas of lovastatin degradant across replicate vials and different vial types. Error bars indicate standard deviation for the replicate injection peak area." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Waters_CERTIFIED_Vials_6_4dc330d849.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="605"></p><div><div><h3><strong>Reducing adsorption starts here</strong></h3><p>Inconsistent analytical results from small molecule analyte adsorption onto the surface of glass vials can be a problem at today’s low analyte concentrations. Some scientists have even experienced total analyte loss with samples stored in vials for an extended time. The vial chemistry, specifically the&nbsp;glass surface, is the major contributor to this problem.</p><p>Polar analytes&nbsp;may adsorb to the glass vial surface by polar-polar interaction and/or ion exchange mechanisms, thereby reducing the overall amount of sample in solution. TruView Certified LCMS Vials&nbsp;reduce this problem dramatically due to a stringent manufacturing process. The process yields a glass surface that has a lower concentration of free ions on the surface.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Waters_CERTIFIED_Vials_8_064003b933.jpg" alt="Waters CERTIFIED Vials: Nortriptyline at 1 ppb concentration in several vials. The tall peak is the initial injection; the smaller peak (overlaid) is the four-hour injection. The first two chromatograms are competitor’s vials. The third chromatogram is for the Waters TruView LCMS Certified vial. " srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Waters_CERTIFIED_Vials_8_064003b933.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1912" height="1182"></p><div><div><h3><strong>No analyte left behind</strong></h3><p>Instrument development is yielding more sensitive mass spectrometers. With more sensitive instruments, analytes can be detected at pg/mL levels. At these concentrations, understanding adsorption issues is critical for good quantitative results. We tested adsorption loss for the major manufacturers and saw high sample loss across manufacturers and clear and amber glass types – with significantly less loss with Waters TruView Autosampler Vials.</p><h4><strong>Average Analyte Loss</strong></h4><p><strong>Manufacturer: Clear Glass / Amber Glass</strong></p><ul><li><strong>Vendor A</strong>: 55% / 69%</li><li><strong>Vendor B</strong>: 25% / 25%</li><li><strong>Vendor C</strong>: 54% / 74%</li><li><strong>Vendor D</strong>: 18% / 59%</li><li><strong>Vendor E</strong>: 75% / Not tested</li><li><strong>Waters TruView LCMS Certified Vial</strong>: 1% / 6%</li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>

Products from category Consumables focused on Consumables distributed by Waters Corporation (Europe) - page 1

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