EU Regulation 396/2005: Pesticide Residue Testing and the Critical Role of QuEChERS Evaporation in Food Safety

<div><div><p><strong>Researchers led by </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://kudova.group.uochb.cz/en"><strong>Eva Kudová</strong></a><strong> from IOCB Prague and Jitka Viktorová from UCT Prague have identified new androstane-based steroid derivatives that can significantly improve the effectiveness of existing antibiotics against multidrug-resistant </strong><i><strong>Staphylococcus aureus</strong></i><strong>.</strong></p></div></div><div><p>The team screened dozens of natural steroidal hormones and synthetic derivatives to see whether they could block bacterial efflux pumps – mechanisms that bacteria use to eject antibiotics and survive treatment. Two compounds emerged as particularly promising: they inhibited efflux pumps and lowered the effective doses of antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin and erythromycin.</p><p>Further analysis showed that one of the compounds also suppressed genes linked to bacterial virulence. Another key finding is that the most active molecules are non-toxic to human immune cells and showed no detectable endocrine activity, suggesting a favorable safety profile.</p><p>These findings support the idea that rationally designed steroid-based molecules could act as antibiotic adjuvants, helping existing drugs overcome bacterial resistance.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/IOCB_Prague_Steroidal_hormones_and_neurosteroids_novel_therapeutic_strategies_in_bacterial_infections_8e5d2a7b48.jpg" alt="IOCB Prague: Steroidal hormones and neurosteroids – novel therapeutic strategies in bacterial infections" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_IOCB_Prague_Steroidal_hormones_and_neurosteroids_novel_therapeutic_strategies_in_bacterial_infections_8e5d2a7b48.jpg 222w," sizes="100vw" width="1258" height="886"></p><blockquote><h4><strong>Original Article</strong></h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0223523426001613?via%3Dihub"><strong>Steroidal hormones and neurosteroids - novel therapeutic strategies in bacterial infections: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation</strong></a></h4><p>Daniela Brdová, Bára Křížkovská, Jan Špaček, Zdeněk Míchal, Eva Jablonská, Ondřej Strnad, Hana Chodounská, Eszter Szánti-Pintér, Marina Morozovová, Václav Hanžl, Jan Tkadlec, Martijn Riool, Jan Lipov, Jitka Viktorová, Eva Kudová&nbsp;</p><p><i><strong>Eur. J. Med. Chem., 2026, 308, 118716</strong></i></p><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2026.118716">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2026.118716</a></p><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><strong>CC-BY 4.0</strong></a></h6></blockquote><h4><strong>Abstract</strong></h4><p>The global rise of antibiotic resistance necessitates novel therapeutic strategies for infectious diseases. Inhibition of bacterial efflux pumps, which contribute to multidrug resistance, represents a promising approach to restore or even increase the efficacy of existing antibiotics. Using fluorescence-based ethidium bromide accumulation, broth microdilution, and checkerboard assays, we evaluated 26 endogenous steroidal hormones and neurosteroids, along with 30 synthetic derivatives, for their ability to enhance antibiotic susceptibility in multidrug-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Structure-activity relationship analysis identified compounds <strong>13</strong> and <strong>16</strong> as lead candidates, exhibiting strong efflux pump inhibition and marked reductions in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin and erythromycin. Both compounds showed additive effects in checkerboard assays. Modifications at C-3 (polar substitution) and C-17 (3α,5β-stereochemistry and nonpolar substitution) were essential for potent efflux inhibition and sensitization, although these modifications were not additive when combined. Transcriptome analysis further revealed that compound <strong>13</strong> significantly downregulated <i>S. aureus</i> virulence-associated genes when administered alone or in combination with antibiotics. Cytotoxicity assessment in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and receptor transactivation assays for estrogen, androgen, and progesterone receptors indicated that the most active derivatives were non-toxic and lacked detectable endocrine activity, suggesting a favorable safety profile. Overall, these findings support the concept that rationally designed andostane-based steroidal scaffolds can function as competitive bacterial efflux pump inhibitors and serve as potential antibiotic adjuvants to mitigate efflux-mediated resistance.</p><h4><strong>Instrumentation</strong></h4><h5><strong>Structural characterization</strong></h5><ul><li><strong>AVANCE III 400 MHz NMR spectrometer</strong> (Bruker)</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=3&amp;search=LTQ+Orbitrap+XL"><strong>LTQ Orbitrap XL HRMS</strong></a> (Thermo Fisher Scientific, ESI)</li></ul></div>

Steroidal hormones and neurosteroids – novel therapeutic strategies in bacterial infections

<p><strong>Metformin is currently the first-line oral drug of choice for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It reduces glucose production in the liver, improves tissue sensitivity to insulin, and does not cause weight gain or hypoglycemia, which sets it apart from some other antidiabetic drugs. Moreover, its long-term beneficial effects on the risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes have been well established. Researchers from the Institute of Physiology CAS (IPHYS) have identified a new group of blood metabolites that could help physicians objectively monitor whether patients with type 2 diabetes are taking their metformin as prescribed.</strong></p><h4><strong>New biomarkers for metformin use</strong></h4><p>A team led by Tomáš Čajka from the Laboratory of Translational Metabolism at IPHYS analyzed plasma samples from <strong>637 patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin</strong> and <strong>143 non-diabetic controls</strong> using advanced metabolomics and lipidomics. Among 614 detected metabolites, they identified five from the group of <strong>N-lactoyl-amino acids </strong>(e.g. N‑lactoyl-phenylalanine), which had previously been seen as unknown signals due to missing reference spectra in databases. The levels of these metabolites in the blood closely reflected the plasma concentrations of metformin. In patients with the highest metformin exposure, the concentrations of these metabolites were up to 7.2 times higher than in controls.</p><h4><strong>A sensitive “fingerprint” of the drug’s effect</strong></h4><p>N-Lactoyl-amino acids are formed in cells by combining lactate and amino acids, thus reflecting the metformin-induced changes in cellular energy metabolism. “<i>Importantly, even though they occur in plasma only at nanomolar concentrations, they reliably distinguish patients who take metformin regularly from those who take it irregularly or not at all</i>,” emphasizes T. Čajka.</p><h4><strong>Metabolomics in practice and international collaboration</strong></h4><p>The study also provides a detailed description of broader metabolic changes in type 2 diabetes, including increases in lactate, organic acids, and branched-chain amino acids, as well as extensive remodelling of the lipid profile. In addition to T. Čajka’s team, collaborators from the Institute for <strong>Clinical and Experimental Medicine in Prague</strong> and the <strong>West Coast Metabolomics Center</strong> (University of California, Davis) also participated in the study.</p><p>The results demonstrate that advanced metabolomics approaches developed at IPHYS within the <strong>CarDia project</strong> can find highly practical applications both in clinical studies and in personalized monitoring of treatment in patients with diabetes.</p><blockquote><h4><strong>The original article</strong></h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cpt.70205"><strong>Untargeted Metabolomics Identifies N-Lactoyl-Amino Acids as Dose-Responsive Plasma Biomarkers of Metformin Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes</strong></a></h4><p>Tomas Cajka, Jiri Hricko, Lucie Rudl Kulhava, Michaela Paucova, Michaela Novakova, Veronika Hola, Stanislava Rakusanova, Oliver Fiehn, Vojtech Skop, Ivana Lankova, Iva Miskova, Terezie Pelikanova, Martin Haluzik</p><p>Clin Pharmacol Ther, 119: 1057-1069</p><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.70205">https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.70205</a></p><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><strong>CC-BY 4.0</strong></a></h6></blockquote><h4><strong>Abstract</strong></h4><p>Metformin is the most widely prescribed antidiabetic drug, yet adherence remains difficult to objectively assess. Using untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics, we analyzed plasma from 637 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with confirmed metformin use and 143 nondiabetic controls, annotating 614 metabolites. Patients were stratified by plasma metformin into sub-therapeutic, therapeutic, and supra-therapeutic groups, and associations were evaluated by multiple linear regression and composite metabolite ranking. Five previously unannotated features were structurally identified as N-lactoyl-amino acids, whose levels correlated strongly with plasma metformin (ρ = 0.42–0.55, P &lt; 0.0001) and increased up to 7.2-fold in the supra-therapeutic group (&gt; 2000 ng/mL). While N-lactoyl-amino acids were consistently detected in the nanomolar range, they still displayed robust and dose-dependent associations with metformin. Broader metabolic changes in T2D included elevated lactate, organic acids, and branched-chain amino acids, together with reduced urea cycle metabolites. Lipidomics showed increases in saturated triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols and decreases in cholesteryl esters, sphingomyelins, and phospholipids. These findings establish N-lactoyl-amino acids as robust, dose-responsive plasma biomarkers of metformin exposure. Despite being up to four orders of magnitude less abundant than their amino acid precursors, they sensitively reflect mitochondrial lactate overflow and pharmacodynamic adaptation, offering objective assessment of adherence.</p>

New blood biomarkers reveal how faithfully diabetes patients take metformin

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The Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS) was established by Act No. 283/1992 Coll. as the Czech successor of the former Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences. It is set up as a complex of 54 public research institutions.

Czech Academy of Sciences

The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IOCB Prague) is a leading scientific institution in the Czech Republic, recognized internationally. Its primary mission is basic research in the fields of chemical biology and medicinal chemistry, organic and material oriented chemistry, chemistry of natural compounds, biochemistry and molecular biology, physical chemistry, theoretical chemistry, and analytical chemistry. 

Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences

Organomation, founded in 1959, designs and manufactures high-quality nitrogen evaporators and extraction systems. Known for innovation and durability, their lab instruments are used globally for efficient sample preparation with strong customer support.

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Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS18 IC Columns

Use these longer 250mm Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS18 columns higher resolution separations of more complex sample matrices.

<p><strong>Use these longer 250mm Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS18 columns higher resolution separations of more complex sample matrices. Dionex IonPac AS18 columns are high capacity hydroxide-selective anion-exchange columns. They are the column of choice for monitoring inorganic anions in drinking water and wastewater samples for compliance with U.S. EPA Methods 300.0 (A) and 300.1. This column is also recommended when separating the common inorganic anions and low-molecular weight organic acids in diverse sample matrices including drinking water, wastewater, leachates, foods, beverages, pharmaceutical preparations, and scrubber solutions.</strong></p><h5><strong>High Resolution of Complex Sample Matrices</strong></h5><ul><li>Longer 250mm Dionex IonPac AS18 hydroxide-selective columns provide higher resolution separations of more complex sample matrices</li><li>Available in standard bore, microbore, and capillary formatsAnalysis of Common Inorganic Anions and Low Molecular Weight Organic</li></ul><h5><strong>Acids in Diverse Matrices</strong></h5><ul><li>Compliance monitoring of common anions in drinking water as specified in U.S. EPA Method 300.0 (A)</li><li>Determination of low levels of inorganic anions in complex matrices using large-loop injections</li><li>Superior retention and quantification of fluoride, acetate, and formate</li><li>Isocratic separation of common inorganic anions in 9 min in diverse matrices using a 250mm column</li><li>Higher-capacity applications use 250mm columns allowing injection of more concentrated samples without overloading or peak broadening</li><li>Compatible with organic solvents to enhance analyte solubility, modify column selectivity, or allow effective column cleanup</li></ul><h5><strong>Recommended for Inorganic Anions in Diverse Sample Matrices</strong></h5><ul><li>Source water and drinking water, municipal and industrial wastewater</li><li>Industrial cooling water, hazardous waste extracts and dump site leachates, acid rain</li><li>Foods and beverages, anionic counterions in pharmaceutical preparations and synthetic peptides</li><li>Polymers such as polyols and polysulfonates, scrubber solutions</li></ul><h5><strong>Multiple 250mm Formats for Application Flexibility</strong></h5><p>Get higher resolution separations of more complex sample matrices using these longer 250mm analytical columns. Choose from standard bore, microbore, and capillary formats and use the corresponding guard column to protect and increase the life of your analytical column. Use the:</p><ul><li>4x250mm standard bore column with the 4x50mm guard column</li><li>2x250mm microbore columns with the 2x50mm guard column</li><li>0.4x250mm capillary columns with the 0.4x50mm guard column</li></ul><h5><strong>Capillary Columns Reduce Operating Costs from Lower Eluent Requirements</strong></h5><p>Capillary columns provide significantly reduced operating and waste disposal costs through eluent conservation. Packed with the same material, the Dionex IonPac AS18 capillary columns provide the same performance as the standard bore and microbore counterparts. Operating costs are reduced because the capillary system operates at only 1% of the eluent flow rate of the standard bore system. Capillary columns are used with the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ ICS-4000 and ICS-5000+ Capillary systems.</p><h5><strong>Get Faster, High-Resolution separations from Dionex IonPac AS18-Fast and Dionex IonPac AS18-4µm Columns</strong></h5><p>For faster runs on relatively clean matrices, refer to the shorter 150mm Dionex™ IonPac™ AS18-Fast Hydroxide-Selective Anion-Exchange Columns<br>For fastest, highest resolution separations, refer to the small particle Dionex™ IonPac™ AS18-4µm Hydroxide-Selective Anion-Exchange Columns. Use of 4µm columns requires a high-pressure IC system.</p><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 285 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity: </strong>285 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Hydroxide</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 5000 psi (345 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> IonPac AS18</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Ethylvinylbenzene/Divinylbenzene</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS19 IC Columns

Measure trace bromate and other oxyhalides in drinking water, ground water, wastewater, and other diverse sample matrices with Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS19 Columns.

<p><strong>Measure trace bromate and other oxyhalides in drinking water, ground water, wastewater, and other diverse sample matrices with Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS19 Capillary, Analytical &amp; Guard Columns. The column is specifically designed and recommended for determination of trace bromate, a toxic byproduct of ozone disinfection. The column's high capacity and selectivity facilitate the determination of bromate in drinking water at the low-μg/L level. The Dionex IonPac AS19 columns meet the performance requirements of U.S. EPA Methods 300.0 and 300.1.</strong></p><h5><strong>Reduce Operating Costs With our New Capillary Column</strong></h5><p>The Dionex IonPac AS19 Capillary column is packed with the same material as the equivalent standard bore version (providing the same performance as a 4 mm column), but requires only 1/100th the eluent flow rate. The capillary format provides the advantage of significantly reduced eluent consumption, which helps reduce operating costs.</p><h5><strong>Superior Chromatographic Performance</strong></h5><ul><li>High capacity: 240μeq per column (4x250mm)</li><li>Operates at ambient or elevated temperatures with column selectivity optimized for 30°C</li><li>Compatible with organic solvents</li><li>Low background signal and enhanced analyte sensitivity when using the Thermo Scientific™</li><li>Dionex™ Anion Self-Regenerating Suppressor (ASRS™ 300) and a Reagent-Free™ (RFIC™) system</li><li>Analyze a Wide Range of Oxyhalides and Inorganic Anions</li><li>Oxyhalides and common inorganic anions including fluoride, chlorite, bromate, chloride, nitrite, bromide, chlorate, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in drinking water, groundwater, wastewater, and other diverse sample matrices.</li><li>Analyzes most drinking water without the use of sample pretreatment or preconcentration.</li><li>Ideal when used with a Reagent-Free™ Ion Chromatography (RFIC)™ system for automatic eluent generation</li></ul><h5><strong>Designed for Detection of Trace Bromate</strong></h5><p>The key application for this column is the determination of trace bromate in drinking water matrices using a potassium hydroxide gradient with suppressed conductivity detection. The column's selectivity ensures that bromate can be quantified at low μg/L concentrations using suppressed conductivity detection even in the presence of very high concentrations of chloride, sulfate, and carbonate.</p><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 240 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity: </strong>240 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Hydroxide</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Analysis of Trace Bromate in Drinking Water</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 3000 psi (207 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> IonPac AS19</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Polymeric</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS20 IC Columns

Simplify trace analysis of perchlorate in drinking water, surface water, and groundwater matrices using the Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS20 Columns.

<p><strong>Simplify trace analysis of perchlorate in drinking water, surface water, and groundwater matrices using the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS20 Capillary, Analytical &amp; Guard Columns. The capacity and selectivity of this column ensures that perchlorate can be quantified at low μg/L concentrations using suppressed conductivity detection, even in the presence of very high concentrations of chloride, carbonate, and sulfate. This column is specified in U.S. EPA Method 314.1 for the determination of trace perchlorate in drinking water (Confirmatory Method) after sample preconcentration.</strong></p><h5><strong>Reduce Operating Costs With our New Capillary Column</strong></h5><p>The Dionex IonPac AS20 Capillary column is packed with the same material as the equivalent standard bore version (providing the same performance as a 4mm column) but requires only 1% of the eluent flow rate. The capillary format provides the advantage of significantly reduced eluent consumption, which helps reduce operating costs.</p><h5><strong>Superior Chromatographic Performance</strong></h5><ul><li>Recommended hydroxide-selective, anion-exchange column for trace perchlorate in environmental water samples</li><li>High Capacity: 310μeq per column. (4 x 250mm)</li><li>Increased mass sensitivity, reduced eluent consumption, and reduced operating costs</li><li>Operates at ambient or elevated temperature; column selectivity is optimized for 35°C operating temperature</li><li>Compatible with organic solvents</li></ul><h5><strong>For Best Results</strong></h5><ul><li>Use this column with a Reagent-Free™ IC (RFIC™) system and an eluent generator for optimum detection limits.</li><li>Use the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ Anion Electrolytically Regenerated Suppressor (AERS™ 500) or the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ Anion Capillary Electrolytic Suppressor (ACES™ 300) with the Dionex IonPac AS20 column for eluent suppression and enhanced analyte sensitivity.</li><li>Use the Thermo Scientific™ Cryptand C1 Concentrator column for sample preconcentration for analysis of trace perchlorate with the analytical column.</li></ul><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 310 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity: </strong>310 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Hydroxide</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 4000 psi (275 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> IonPac AS20</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Polymeric</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS22 IC Columns

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS22 IC Columns provide fast analysis of drinking water, ground water and wastewater.

<p><strong>Designed specifically for compliance monitoring of inorganic anions in accordance with U.S. EPA Methods 300.0 (A), the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS22 IC Columns provide fast analysis of drinking water, ground water and wastewater. With the Dionex IonPac AS22 column, using a simple isocratic carbonate/bicarbonate eluent, common inorganic anions can be quickly separated in a variety of sample matrices including drinking water, wastewater, process streams, and scrubber solutions.</strong></p><h5><strong>Analysis of Common Inorganic Anions and Low Molecular Weight Organic Acids in Diverse Matrices</strong></h5><ul><li>Compliance monitoring of common anions in drinking water as specified in U.S. EPA Method 300.0 (A)</li><li>Fast isocratic separation of common inorganic anions in simple matrices in 8 min.</li><li>Isocratic separation of common inorganic anions in complex matrices in 12 min.</li><li>Excellent retention of fluoride from the water dip and resolution of fluoride, acetate, and formate</li><li>Excellent resolution of the carbonate peak away from peaks for common inorganic anions</li><li>Ideal alternative, using carbonate/bicarbonate eluents, for IonPac AS4A-SC, AS12A, AS14 and AS14A inorganic anion applications.</li><li>Solvent compatibility permits easy column cleanup after the analysis of samples with hydrophobic components.</li></ul><h5><strong>Multiple Formats Available for Application Flexibility</strong></h5><ul><li>4x250mm, 2x250mm analytical columns</li><li>4x50mm, 2x50mm guard columns</li><li>Longer 250mm columns facilitate higher resolution separations of more complex sample matrices</li><li>Smaller i.d. columns provide higher mass sensitivity, eluent and reagent conservation and lower operating costs</li></ul><p><strong>Note:</strong><i> For simple, accurate eluent preparation, use the IonPac AS22 Eluent Concentrate.</i></p><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 210 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity: </strong>210 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Carbonate/Bicarbonate</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 3000 psi (207 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> IonPac AS22</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Polymeric</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS23 IC Columns

Measure trace bromate and other oxyhalides in drinking water, ground water with Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS23 carbonate eluent anion-exchange column. 

<p><strong>Measure trace bromate and other oxyhalides in drinking water, ground water, wastewater, and other diverse sample matrices with the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS23 carbonate eluent anion-exchange column. The column is specifically designed and recommended for the determination of trace bromate, a toxic byproduct of ozone disinfection, in drinking water matrices. The column's high capacity and selectivity facilitate the determination of bromate in drinking water at the low-μg/L level in the presence of high concentration of chloride, sulfate and carbonate. The Dionex IonPac AS23 columns meet the performance requirements of U.S. EPA Methods 300.0 and 300.1.</strong></p><h5><strong>Analysis of Trace Level Bromate in Drinking Water</strong></h5><ul><li>Compliance monitoring of common anions and oxyhalides in drinking water as specified in U.S. EPA Method 300.0 and 300.1</li><li>Simple analysis of trace bromate in drinking water matrices using an isocratic carbonate/bicarbonate eluent with suppressed conductivity detection</li><li>Optimized selectivity to ensure low ppb determination of bromate in the presence of very high concentrations of chloride, sulfate, and carbonate</li><li>Separates oxyhalides and common inorganic anions in drinking water, groundwater, wastewater and other diverse sample matrices</li><li>High capacity for the analysis of most drinking water without the use of sample pretreatment or preconcentration</li><li>Solvent compatibility for easy column cleanup after the analysis of samples with hydrophobic components</li></ul><h5><strong>Multiple Formats Available for Application Flexibility</strong></h5><ul><li>4x250mm, 2x250mm analytical columns</li><li>4x50mm, 2x50mm guard columns</li><li>Longer 250mm columns facilitate higher resolution separations of more complex sample matrices</li><li>Smaller i.d. columns provide higher mass sensitivity, eluent and reagent conservation and lower operating costs</li></ul><p><strong>Note:</strong><i> For simple, accurate eluent preparation, use the Dionex IonPac AS23 Eluent Concentrate.</i></p><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 320 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity: </strong>320 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Carbonate/Bicarbonate</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 3000 psi (207 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> IonPac AS23</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Polymeric</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS19-4μm IC Columns

Achieve high resolution separations of trace oxyhalides and inorganic anions in drinking water using the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS19-4μm hydroxide-selective anion-exchange column.

<p><strong>Achieve high resolution separations of trace oxyhalides and inorganic anions in drinking water using the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS19-4μm hydroxide-selective anion-exchange column. Its high resolution, high capacity and selectivity allow the determination of bromate in drinking water at the low-μg/L level. Compared to the previous </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/2055"><strong>Dionex IonPac AS19 column</strong></a><strong>, this anion-exchange column uses smaller resin particles for more efficient separations resulting in more accurate peak integration and more reliable results.</strong></p><h5><strong>Easy Method Transfer</strong></h5><p>With similar selectivity and increased peak efficiencies, you can easily transfer applications from the Dionex IonPac AS19 column to the Dionex IonPac AS19-4μm column.</p><h5><strong>Significantly Reduce Eluent Usage</strong></h5><p>The Dionex IonPac AS19-4μm Capillary Column is packed with the same material as the equivalent standard bore version (providing the same performance as a 4mm column), but requires only 1/100th the eluent flow rate. The capillary format provides the advantage of significantly reduced eluent consumption, which helps reduce operating costs.</p><h5><strong>Dionex IonPac AS19-4μm Capillary Column Features</strong></h5><ul><li>Choose from three formats: 4×250mm, 2×250mm and 0.4×250mm</li><li>Recommended hydroxide-selective column for trace bromate in drinking water matrices</li><li>Meets or exceeds performance requirements of US EPA Method 300.0 and US EPA Method 300.1</li><li>High capacity: 240μeq per column (4×250mm)</li><li>Column selectivity is optimized for 30 °C operating temperature</li><li>Compatible with organic solvents</li></ul><p>These capillary columns require high pressure Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ ICS-5000+ or Dionex ICS-4000 HPIC™ system to run at standard flow rates.</p><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 240 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity: </strong>240 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Hydroxide</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 5000 psi (345 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> IonPac AS19-4 μm</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Polymeric</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS18-Fast IC Columns

Use these shorter 150mm Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS18-Fast columns for fast runs when monitoring inorganic anions in drinking water and wastewater samples

<p><strong>Use these shorter 150mm Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS18-Fast columns for fast runs when monitoring inorganic anions in drinking water and wastewater samples for compliance with U.S. EPA Methods 300.0 (A) and 300.1. Dionex IonPac AS18 columns are high capacity hydroxide-selective anion-exchange columns. Having the same selectivity as the </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/2054"><strong>Dionex IonPac AS18 column</strong></a><strong>, the shorter format significantly reduces run times of common inorganic anions and low molecular weight organic acids in diverse sample matrices including drinking water, wastewater, leachates, foods, beverages, and pharmaceutical preparations.</strong></p><h5><strong>Analysis of Common Inorganic Anions and Low-Molecular Weight Organic Acids in Diverse Matrices</strong></h5><ul><li>Compliance monitoring of common anions in drinking water as specified in U.S. EPA Method 300.0 (A)</li><li>Determination of low levels of inorganic anions in complex matrices using large-loop injections</li><li>Superior retention and quantification of fluoride, acetate, and formate</li><li>Fast separation of the common inorganic anions in 5 min in simple matrices using 150mm column</li><li>High efficiency, fast analysis use the 150mm column for increased sample throughput</li><li>Compatible with organic solvents to enhance analyte solubility, modify column selectivity, or allow effective column cleanup</li></ul><h5><strong>Recommended for Inorganic Anions in Diverse Sample Matrices</strong></h5><ul><li>Source water and drinking water, municipal and industrial wastewater</li><li>Industrial cooling water and waste water, acid rain</li><li>Foods and beverages, anionic counterions in pharmaceutical preparations</li></ul><h5><strong>Multiple Formats for Application Flexibility</strong></h5><p>The shorter 150mm Dionex IonPac AS18-Fast columns produce faster runs of relatively clean matrices compared to the longer 250mm columns and are available in three formats with guard columns:</p><ul><li>4x150mm standard bore AS18-Fast columns with 4x30mm guard columns</li><li>2x150mm microbore AS18-Fast columns with 2x30mm guard columns</li><li>0.4x150mm capillary AS18-Fast columns with 0.4x35mm guard columns</li></ul><h5><strong>Capillary Columns Reduce Operating Costs from Lower Eluent Requirements</strong></h5><p>Capillary columns provide significantly reduced operating and waste disposal costs through eluent conservation. Packed with the same material, the Dionex IonPac AS18-Fast capillary columns provide the same performance as the standard bore and microbore counterparts. Operating costs are reduced because the capillary system operates at only 1% of the eluent flow rate of the standard bore system. Capillary columns are used with the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ ICS-4000 and ICS-5000+ Capillary systems.</p><h5><strong>Need Higher Resolution or Faster Separations?</strong></h5><p>If you need higher resolution separations of more complex sample matrices, refer to the longer 250mm Dionex™ IonPac™ AS18 Hydroxide-Selective Anion-Exchange column<br>For fastest, highest resolution separations of relatively cleaner sample matrices, refer to the small particle Dionex™ IonPac™ AS18-4µm Hydroxide-Selective Anion-Exchange column. Use of 4µm columns requires a high-pressure IC system.</p><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 171 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity:</strong> 171 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Hydroxide</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 4000 psi (275 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> IonPac AS18-Fast</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Ethylvinylbenzene/Divinylbenzene</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS18-Fast-4μm IC Columns

Attain the optimal combination of chromatographic speed and resolution using the new Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS18-Fast-4μm anion-exchange column.

<p><strong>Attain the optimal combination of chromatographic speed and resolution using the new Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS18-Fast-4μm anion-exchange column. This high-capacity, high-efficiency column provides excellent resolution of inorganic anions in diverse sample matrices. This is the hydroxide-selective column of choice for fastest compliance monitoring of inorganic anions in drinking water and wastewater samples in accordance with U.S. EPA Methods 300.0 (A) and 300.1. Compared to the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS18-Fast column, the new Dionex IonPac AS18-Fast-4μm anion-exchange column uses smaller resin particles for more efficient peaks resulting in faster run times, more accurate peak integration, and more reliable results.</strong></p><h5><strong>Fastest Separation of Common Inorganic Anions with Excellent Resolution</strong></h5><p>Through the use of smaller resin particles and a shorter column format, this column offers the highest peak efficiency and best resolution of common inorganic anions for fast analysis of environmental waters.</p><h5><strong>Analysis of Common Inorganic Anions and Low Molecular Weight Organic Acids in Diverse Matrices</strong></h5><ul><li>Attain super fast isocratic separation of the common inorganic anions in less than 3 min</li><li>Compliance monitoring of common anions in drinking water as specified in U.S. EPA Method 300.0 (A)</li><li>High peak efficiency and increased peak resolution for more consistent integration and more reliable results</li><li>Offers the same selectivity as the Dionex IonPac AS18-Fast column so applications are easily transferred to the 4μm column</li><li>Reduces run time without loss of resolution compared to the Dionex IonPac AS18-Fast column</li><li>Achieve excellent separation of inorganic anions and low-molecular weight acids in diverse sample matrices</li><li>Compatible with organic solvents to enhance analyte solubility, modify column selectivity, or allow effective column cleanup</li></ul><h5><strong>Use 4μm Columns with High-Pressure IC Systems</strong></h5><p>Higher resolution is achieved through the use of smaller resin particles, which can produce a column backpressure over 3000 psi. When operating the Dionex IonPac AS18-Fast-4μm capillary column at the standard flow rate of 10μL/min, an IC system capable of operating up to 3000 psi is sufficient. However, to take advantage of the fast runs, using elevated flow rates, a high-pressure capillary IC system, such as the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ ICS-5000+ HPIC or the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ ICS-4000 HPIC is required. The Dionex ICS-5000+ HPIC system is required for standard operation of the Dionex IonPac AS18-Fast-4μm microbore and standard bore columns.</p><h5><strong>Use the Format That Fits Your Lab</strong></h5><p>Shorter 150mm AS18-Fast-4μm columns facilitate faster runs while the smaller particle size maintains a higher resolution separation and are available in 3 formats with guard columns:</p><ul><li>Use the 4x150mm standard bore column with the 4x30mm guard column</li><li>Use the 2x150mm analytical columns with the 2x30mm guard column</li><li>Use the 0.4x150mm capillary column with the 0.4x35mm guard column</li></ul><h5><strong>Capillary Columns Reduce Operating Costs from Lower Eluent Requirements</strong></h5><p>Capillary columns provide significantly reduced operating and waste disposal costs through eluent conservation. Packed with the same material, the Dionex IonPac AS18-Fast-4μm capillary columns provide the same performance as the standard bore and microbore counterparts. Operating costs are reduced because the capillary system operates at only 1% of the eluent flow rate of the standard bore system. Capillary columns are used with the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ ICS-4000 and ICS-5000+ Capillary systems.</p><h5><strong>Need Higher Resolution or Faster Separations?</strong></h5><ul><li>If you need higher resolution separations of more complex sample matrices, refer to the longer 250mm Dionex™ IonPac™ AS18 Hydroxide-Selective Anion-Exchange column</li><li>The shorter 150mm Dionex IonPac AS18-Fast columns produce faster runs of relatively clean matrices compared to the longer 250mm columns and operate under 3000 psi.</li></ul><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity:</strong> 174 μeq</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 5000 psi (345 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> Super Macroporous Resin</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS16-4μm IC Columns

Determine trace levels of perchlorate and other highly polarizable anions in drinking water, surface water, and ground water with Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS16-4μm IC Columns

<h5><strong>Designed for simple, sensitive analysis</strong></h5><ul><li>Easily measure trace concentrations of perchlorate in drinking water, surface water, and ground water matrices using a large-loop injection</li><li>Improved efficiencies and resolution compared to the standard <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/2052"><strong>Dionex IonPac AS16 column</strong></a></li><li>Easily transfer applications from the Dionex IonPac AS16 column to the Dionex IonPac AS16-4μm column due to their similar selectivity</li><li>Ultralow hydrophobicity allows for fast analysis of highly polarizable anions (thiosulfate, iodide, thiocyanate, and perchlorate) with a simple, isocratic eluent</li><li>Ideal for polyvalent anions, including polyphosphates</li></ul><h5><strong>Use with a high-pressure IC system</strong></h5><p>Higher resolution is achieved through the use of smaller resin particles, which produce a column backpressure over 3000 psi at the standard flow rates. A high-pressure IC system, such as the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ ICS-5000+ HPIC™ system, Dionex Integrion™ HPIC system, or the Dionex ICS-4000 Integrated Capillary HPIC system is required to operate this column under standard conditions.</p><h5><strong>Reduce operating costs with lower eluent requirements</strong></h5><p>Capillary Dionex IonPac AS16-4μm columns provide the same performance as the standard bore and microbore Dionex IonPac AS16-4μm columns because they are packed with the same material. Operating costs are reduced because the capillary system operates at only 1% of the eluent flow rate of the standard bore system, requiring less eluent and producing less waste.</p><h5><strong>Multiple Formats Available</strong></h5><ul><li>4 x 250 mm and 2 x 250 mm analytical columns</li><li>4 x 50 mm and 2 x 50 mm analytical guard columns</li><li>0.4 x 250 mm capillary columns</li><li>0.4 x 50 mm capillary guard columns</li><li>Smaller i.d. columns provide higher mass sensitivity, eluent and reagent conservation, and lower operating costs</li></ul><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 170 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity:</strong> 170 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Hydroxide</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 5000 psi (345 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> Super Macroporous Resin</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Ethylvinylbenzene/Divinylbenzene</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS11-HC-4μm IC Columns

Achieve the optimal combination of chromatographic speed and resolution in separating organic acids and inorganic anions in complex matrices using the new Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS11-HC-4μm Column. 

<p><strong>Achieve the optimal combination of chromatographic speed and resolution in separating organic acids and inorganic anions in complex matrices using the new Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS11-HC-4μm Capillary, Analytical &amp; Guard Column. This high-capacity, high-efficiency column provides excellent resolution of a large number of organic acids and inorganic anions in complex sample matrices. Compared to the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS11-HC column, this column uses smaller resin particles for more efficient separations resulting in more accurate peak integration and more reliable results.</strong></p><p>Complex sample matrices such as chemical wastewater effluents and fermentation broth solutions containing a variety of inorganic anions and organic acids can be analyzed using the high resolution Dionex IonPac AS11-HC-4μm column.<strong>&nbsp;</strong></p><p><strong>Appropriate analytes include:</strong></p><ul><li>Monovalent and divalent organic acids</li><li>Organic acids and inorganic anions in complex sample matrices or uncharacterized samples</li></ul><h5><strong>Achieve Higher Resolution With High Capacity Columns</strong></h5><ul><li>Facilitates injection of more concentrated samples without column overloading or peak broadening</li></ul><h5><strong>Enjoy Higher Performance With the Smaller 4μm Resin Particle Size</strong></h5><ul><li>Easily transfer applications from the Dionex IonPac AS11-HC column to the 4μm column</li><li>Get similar selectivity as the Dionex IonPac AS11-HC column</li><li>Increased peak resolution for more consistent results</li><li>Obtain improved separation for monovalent carboxylic acids, including quinate, lactate, acetate, propionate, formate, and butyrate</li></ul><h5><strong>Use the Format That Fits Your Lab</strong></h5><p>The Dionex IonPac AS11-HC-4μm column is available in three formats: 4x250 mm, 2x250 mm, and 0.4x250mm. The capillary format provides reduced eluent consumption, which helps reduce operating costs.</p><h5><strong>Use With a High-Pressure Capillary IC System</strong></h5><p>The smaller resin particles used in the Dionex IonPac AS11-HC-4μm column produces a backpressure over 3000 psi at the standard flow rates. A high-pressure capillary IC system, such as the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ ICS-5000+ HPIC™ or the Dionex ICS-4000 Capillary HPIC system is required to operate this column under standard conditions.</p><h5><strong>For Best Performance</strong></h5><ul><li>Use the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS11 column for fast analysis of organic acids and anions in well-characterized samples</li><li>Use the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ ICE-AS1 or ICE-AS6 columns for organic acids in high-ionic-strength samples</li></ul><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 290 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Capacity:</strong> 290 μeq</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 5000 psi (345 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> IonPac AS11-HC-4μm</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li></ul>

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