EU Regulation 396/2005: Pesticide Residue Testing and the Critical Role of QuEChERS Evaporation in Food Safety

<div><div><p><strong>Researchers led by </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://kudova.group.uochb.cz/en"><strong>Eva Kudová</strong></a><strong> from IOCB Prague and Jitka Viktorová from UCT Prague have identified new androstane-based steroid derivatives that can significantly improve the effectiveness of existing antibiotics against multidrug-resistant </strong><i><strong>Staphylococcus aureus</strong></i><strong>.</strong></p></div></div><div><p>The team screened dozens of natural steroidal hormones and synthetic derivatives to see whether they could block bacterial efflux pumps – mechanisms that bacteria use to eject antibiotics and survive treatment. Two compounds emerged as particularly promising: they inhibited efflux pumps and lowered the effective doses of antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin and erythromycin.</p><p>Further analysis showed that one of the compounds also suppressed genes linked to bacterial virulence. Another key finding is that the most active molecules are non-toxic to human immune cells and showed no detectable endocrine activity, suggesting a favorable safety profile.</p><p>These findings support the idea that rationally designed steroid-based molecules could act as antibiotic adjuvants, helping existing drugs overcome bacterial resistance.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/IOCB_Prague_Steroidal_hormones_and_neurosteroids_novel_therapeutic_strategies_in_bacterial_infections_8e5d2a7b48.jpg" alt="IOCB Prague: Steroidal hormones and neurosteroids – novel therapeutic strategies in bacterial infections" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_IOCB_Prague_Steroidal_hormones_and_neurosteroids_novel_therapeutic_strategies_in_bacterial_infections_8e5d2a7b48.jpg 222w," sizes="100vw" width="1258" height="886"></p><blockquote><h4><strong>Original Article</strong></h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0223523426001613?via%3Dihub"><strong>Steroidal hormones and neurosteroids - novel therapeutic strategies in bacterial infections: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation</strong></a></h4><p>Daniela Brdová, Bára Křížkovská, Jan Špaček, Zdeněk Míchal, Eva Jablonská, Ondřej Strnad, Hana Chodounská, Eszter Szánti-Pintér, Marina Morozovová, Václav Hanžl, Jan Tkadlec, Martijn Riool, Jan Lipov, Jitka Viktorová, Eva Kudová&nbsp;</p><p><i><strong>Eur. J. Med. Chem., 2026, 308, 118716</strong></i></p><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2026.118716">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2026.118716</a></p><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><strong>CC-BY 4.0</strong></a></h6></blockquote><h4><strong>Abstract</strong></h4><p>The global rise of antibiotic resistance necessitates novel therapeutic strategies for infectious diseases. Inhibition of bacterial efflux pumps, which contribute to multidrug resistance, represents a promising approach to restore or even increase the efficacy of existing antibiotics. Using fluorescence-based ethidium bromide accumulation, broth microdilution, and checkerboard assays, we evaluated 26 endogenous steroidal hormones and neurosteroids, along with 30 synthetic derivatives, for their ability to enhance antibiotic susceptibility in multidrug-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Structure-activity relationship analysis identified compounds <strong>13</strong> and <strong>16</strong> as lead candidates, exhibiting strong efflux pump inhibition and marked reductions in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin and erythromycin. Both compounds showed additive effects in checkerboard assays. Modifications at C-3 (polar substitution) and C-17 (3α,5β-stereochemistry and nonpolar substitution) were essential for potent efflux inhibition and sensitization, although these modifications were not additive when combined. Transcriptome analysis further revealed that compound <strong>13</strong> significantly downregulated <i>S. aureus</i> virulence-associated genes when administered alone or in combination with antibiotics. Cytotoxicity assessment in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and receptor transactivation assays for estrogen, androgen, and progesterone receptors indicated that the most active derivatives were non-toxic and lacked detectable endocrine activity, suggesting a favorable safety profile. Overall, these findings support the concept that rationally designed andostane-based steroidal scaffolds can function as competitive bacterial efflux pump inhibitors and serve as potential antibiotic adjuvants to mitigate efflux-mediated resistance.</p><h4><strong>Instrumentation</strong></h4><h5><strong>Structural characterization</strong></h5><ul><li><strong>AVANCE III 400 MHz NMR spectrometer</strong> (Bruker)</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=3&amp;search=LTQ+Orbitrap+XL"><strong>LTQ Orbitrap XL HRMS</strong></a> (Thermo Fisher Scientific, ESI)</li></ul></div>

Steroidal hormones and neurosteroids – novel therapeutic strategies in bacterial infections

<p><strong>Metformin is currently the first-line oral drug of choice for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It reduces glucose production in the liver, improves tissue sensitivity to insulin, and does not cause weight gain or hypoglycemia, which sets it apart from some other antidiabetic drugs. Moreover, its long-term beneficial effects on the risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes have been well established. Researchers from the Institute of Physiology CAS (IPHYS) have identified a new group of blood metabolites that could help physicians objectively monitor whether patients with type 2 diabetes are taking their metformin as prescribed.</strong></p><h4><strong>New biomarkers for metformin use</strong></h4><p>A team led by Tomáš Čajka from the Laboratory of Translational Metabolism at IPHYS analyzed plasma samples from <strong>637 patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin</strong> and <strong>143 non-diabetic controls</strong> using advanced metabolomics and lipidomics. Among 614 detected metabolites, they identified five from the group of <strong>N-lactoyl-amino acids </strong>(e.g. N‑lactoyl-phenylalanine), which had previously been seen as unknown signals due to missing reference spectra in databases. The levels of these metabolites in the blood closely reflected the plasma concentrations of metformin. In patients with the highest metformin exposure, the concentrations of these metabolites were up to 7.2 times higher than in controls.</p><h4><strong>A sensitive “fingerprint” of the drug’s effect</strong></h4><p>N-Lactoyl-amino acids are formed in cells by combining lactate and amino acids, thus reflecting the metformin-induced changes in cellular energy metabolism. “<i>Importantly, even though they occur in plasma only at nanomolar concentrations, they reliably distinguish patients who take metformin regularly from those who take it irregularly or not at all</i>,” emphasizes T. Čajka.</p><h4><strong>Metabolomics in practice and international collaboration</strong></h4><p>The study also provides a detailed description of broader metabolic changes in type 2 diabetes, including increases in lactate, organic acids, and branched-chain amino acids, as well as extensive remodelling of the lipid profile. In addition to T. Čajka’s team, collaborators from the Institute for <strong>Clinical and Experimental Medicine in Prague</strong> and the <strong>West Coast Metabolomics Center</strong> (University of California, Davis) also participated in the study.</p><p>The results demonstrate that advanced metabolomics approaches developed at IPHYS within the <strong>CarDia project</strong> can find highly practical applications both in clinical studies and in personalized monitoring of treatment in patients with diabetes.</p><blockquote><h4><strong>The original article</strong></h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cpt.70205"><strong>Untargeted Metabolomics Identifies N-Lactoyl-Amino Acids as Dose-Responsive Plasma Biomarkers of Metformin Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes</strong></a></h4><p>Tomas Cajka, Jiri Hricko, Lucie Rudl Kulhava, Michaela Paucova, Michaela Novakova, Veronika Hola, Stanislava Rakusanova, Oliver Fiehn, Vojtech Skop, Ivana Lankova, Iva Miskova, Terezie Pelikanova, Martin Haluzik</p><p>Clin Pharmacol Ther, 119: 1057-1069</p><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.70205">https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.70205</a></p><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><strong>CC-BY 4.0</strong></a></h6></blockquote><h4><strong>Abstract</strong></h4><p>Metformin is the most widely prescribed antidiabetic drug, yet adherence remains difficult to objectively assess. Using untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics, we analyzed plasma from 637 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with confirmed metformin use and 143 nondiabetic controls, annotating 614 metabolites. Patients were stratified by plasma metformin into sub-therapeutic, therapeutic, and supra-therapeutic groups, and associations were evaluated by multiple linear regression and composite metabolite ranking. Five previously unannotated features were structurally identified as N-lactoyl-amino acids, whose levels correlated strongly with plasma metformin (ρ = 0.42–0.55, P &lt; 0.0001) and increased up to 7.2-fold in the supra-therapeutic group (&gt; 2000 ng/mL). While N-lactoyl-amino acids were consistently detected in the nanomolar range, they still displayed robust and dose-dependent associations with metformin. Broader metabolic changes in T2D included elevated lactate, organic acids, and branched-chain amino acids, together with reduced urea cycle metabolites. Lipidomics showed increases in saturated triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols and decreases in cholesteryl esters, sphingomyelins, and phospholipids. These findings establish N-lactoyl-amino acids as robust, dose-responsive plasma biomarkers of metformin exposure. Despite being up to four orders of magnitude less abundant than their amino acid precursors, they sensitively reflect mitochondrial lactate overflow and pharmacodynamic adaptation, offering objective assessment of adherence.</p>

New blood biomarkers reveal how faithfully diabetes patients take metformin

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The Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS) was established by Act No. 283/1992 Coll. as the Czech successor of the former Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences. It is set up as a complex of 54 public research institutions.

Czech Academy of Sciences

The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IOCB Prague) is a leading scientific institution in the Czech Republic, recognized internationally. Its primary mission is basic research in the fields of chemical biology and medicinal chemistry, organic and material oriented chemistry, chemistry of natural compounds, biochemistry and molecular biology, physical chemistry, theoretical chemistry, and analytical chemistry. 

Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences

Organomation, founded in 1959, designs and manufactures high-quality nitrogen evaporators and extraction systems. Known for innovation and durability, their lab instruments are used globally for efficient sample preparation with strong customer support.

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Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS10 IC Columns

Analyze trace-levels of inorganic anions and organic acids using isocratic or gradient methods with the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS10 IC Column.

<p><strong>Analyze trace-levels of inorganic anions and organic acids using isocratic or gradient methods with the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS10 IC Column. Its high capacity permits the analysis of trace-level analytes in high-ionic-strength matrices. Use the Dionex IonPac AS10 column for the analysis of inorganic anions in high nitrate samples.</strong></p><h5><strong>Superior Chromatographic Performance in High Nitrate Samples</strong></h5><ul><li>Excellent resolution of weakly retained low-molecular-weight aliphatic acids</li><li>Selectivity and high capacity for analysis of trace-level analytes in high-ionic-strength matrices</li><li>Strongly retains nitrate for high-resolution analysis of trace anions in nitric acid and nitrate salts</li></ul><h5><strong>For Best Results</strong></h5><ul><li>Use a Dionex eluent generator for simplified eluent preparation for applications using less than 100mN hydroxide</li><li>Use the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ Anion Self-Regenerating Suppressor (ASRS™ 300) with the Dionex IonPac AS10 column for continuous suppression of traditional eluents and more concentrated eluents up to 200mM NaOH</li></ul><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity:</strong> 170 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Hydroxide</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Separation of Inorganic Anions and Organic Acids</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 4000 psi (275 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> IonPac AS10</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Ethylvinylbenzene/Divinylbenzene</li><li><strong>pH: </strong>0 to 14</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS11 IC Columns

Resolve a large number of inorganic anions and organic acids in approximately 15 minutes with the Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS11 Analytical & Guard Column. 

<p><strong>Resolve a large number of inorganic anions and organic acids in approximately 15 minutes with the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS11 Analytical &amp; Guard Column. The Dionex IonPac AS11 is a relatively low-capacity column designed for fast gradient screening of inorganic anions and organic acid anions in simple sample matrices such as from foods, beverages, chemical process solutions, wastewaters, brines, and power plant waters.</strong></p><h5><strong>Superior Chromatographic Performance:</strong></h5><ul><li>Facilitates rapid analysis of organic acids and inorganic anions in well-characterized samples</li><li>Ideal for highly charged anions, including polyphosphates and polycarboxylates</li><li>Resolves organic acids and inorganic anions in complex sample matrices</li><li>Shortens analysis time and speeds throughput</li></ul><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 45 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity:</strong> 45 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Hydroxide</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Analysis of Inorganic and Organic Acid Anions</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 4000 psi (275 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> IonPac AS11</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Ethylvinylbenzene/Divinylbenzene</li><li><strong>pH: </strong>0 to 14</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS12A IC Columns

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS12A Analytical and Guard Columns resolve trace chloride and sulfate in high-carbonate samples

<p><strong>Separate inorganic anions and oxyhalides, such as chlorite and bromate, in environmental samples. The Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS12A Analytical and Guard Columns resolve trace chloride and sulfate in high-carbonate samples and meet or exceed the requirements of U.S EPA Methods 300.0 (A) and (B). However, the advanced, high-capacity IonPac AS23 Carbonate Eluent Anion-Exchange column is recommended for determination of oxyhalides and inorganic anions, such as trace bromate, in ozonated drinking water.</strong></p><h5><strong>Fast Isocratic Separation of Inorganic Anions and Oxyhalides in Diverse Matrices</strong></h5><ul><li>Compliance monitoring of common anions in drinking water as specified in U.S. EPA Method 300.0 (A) and (B)</li><li>Separation of common inorganic anions and oxyhalides including chlorite, bromate and chlorate in less than 12 minutes</li><li>Superior retention and quantification of fluoride</li><li>Trace analysis of chloride and sulfate in high-carbonate samples</li><li>Solvent compatibility permits easy column cleanup after the analysis of samples with hydrophobic components.</li></ul><h5><strong>Multiple Formats Available for Application Flexibility</strong></h5><ul><li>4x200mm, 2x200mm analytical columns</li><li>4x50mm, 2x50mm guard columns</li><li>Longer 200mm columns facilitate higher resolution separations of more complex sample matrices</li><li>Smaller i.d. columns provide higher mass sensitivity, eluent and reagent conservation and lower operating costs</li></ul><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 52 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity:</strong> 52 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Carbonate/Bicarbonate</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Separation of Inorganic Anions</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkyl Quaternary Ammonium</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 4000 psi (275 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> IonPac AS12A</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Ethylvinylbenzene/Divinylbenzene</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS11-HC IC Columns

Resolve a large number of inorganic anions and organic acid anions in complex matrices with the Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS11-HC Capillary, Analytical & Guard Column.

<p><strong>Resolve a large number of inorganic anions and organic acid anions in complex matrices with the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS11-HC Capillary, Analytical &amp; Guard Column. Complex sample matrices such as chemical wastewater effluents and fermentation broth solutions contain a variety of inorganic anions and organic acids. With the high-capacity Dionex IonPac AS11-HC column, you can inject higher concentration samples without column overloading or peak broadening.</strong></p><p>The Dionex IonPac AS11-HC column was specifically designed to resolve analytes in a single run using a hydroxide gradient. The high-capacity column delivers improved separation for monovalent carboxylic acids including: quinate, lactate, acetate, propionate, formate, and butyrate.</p><h5><strong>High Capacity for Higher Resolution</strong></h5><ul><li>Requires longer retention times, but with higher resolution</li><li>Facilitates rapid analysis of organic acids and anions in well-characterized samples</li><li>Ideal for organic acids and anions in complex sample matrices or uncharacterized samples</li><li>Recommended for monovalent and divalent organic acids</li></ul><h5><strong>Reduce Operating Costs With Lower Eluent Requirements</strong></h5><p>The new Dionex IonPac AS11-HC Capillary column is packed with the same material as the equivalent standard bore and microbore versions (providing the same performance as a 4mm and 2mm column) using only 1% of the eluent flow rate, which helps reduce operating costs.</p><p>Use the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ ICE-AS1 or ICE-AS6 columns for organic acids in high-ionic-strength samples.</p><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 290 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity:</strong> 290 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Hydroxide</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 4000 psi (275 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> IonPac AS11-HC</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Ethylvinylbenzene/Divinylbenzene</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS27 IC Columns

Achieve high resolution separations of trace oxyhalides and inorganic anions in drinking water using Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS27 Analytical and Guard columns.

<p><strong>Achieve high resolution separations of trace oxyhalides and inorganic anions in drinking water using Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS27 Analytical and Guard columns. These hydroxide-selective anion-exchange columns allows analysis of most drinking water preserved with ethylenediamine (EDA) without sample pretreatment or preconcentration. The Dionex IonPac AS27 columns meets the performance requirements of US EPA Methods 300.0 and 300.1.</strong></p><h5><strong>Analyzes Oxyhalides and Inorganic Anions in Drinking Water</strong></h5><ul><li>Optimized for analysis of trace bromate in drinking water preserved with EDA</li><li>High capcity: 220μeq per column (4x250mm)</li><li>Meets or exceeds performance requirements of US EPA Methods 300.0 and 300.1</li><li>Column selectivity is optimized for 30°C operating temperature</li><li>Compatible with organic solvents</li></ul><h5><strong>Choose from Multiple Formats for Application Flexibility</strong></h5><ul><li>4x250mm, 2x250mm, 0.4x250mm analytical columns</li><li>4x50mm, 2x50mm, 0.4x50mm guard columns</li></ul><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 220 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity:</strong> 220 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Hydroxide</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 3000 psi (207 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> Super Macroporous Resin</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Polymeric</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS28-Fast-4μm IC Columns

Analyze trace inorganic anions and low molecular weight organic acids using the Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS28-Fast-4μm ion chromatography (IC) columns. 

<p><strong>Analyze trace inorganic anions and low molecular weight organic acids using the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS28-Fast-4μm ion chromatography (IC) columns. Designed specifically for trace level analysis of high purity water from semiconductor and power industries, this column combines the selectivity of the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS15 column, with fast, high efficiency, and high resolution separations. The Dionex IonPac AS28-Fast-4μm columns uses smaller 4μm resin particles for more efficient separations resulting in more accurate peak integration and more reliable results.</strong></p><h5><strong>Applications for Dionex IonPac AS28-Fast-4μm IC Columns</strong></h5><ul><li>Separation of common anions and low molecular weight organic acids</li><li>For both high purity water matrices and complex matrices including chemical and petrochemical samples</li><li>Compatible with organic solvents to enhance analyte solubility, modify column selectivity, and facilitate effective column clean-up</li></ul><h5><strong>Superior Performance</strong></h5><ul><li>Improved efficiencies and resolution compared to the Dionex IonPac AS15 column</li><li>Easily transfer applications from the Dionex IonPac AS15 column to the AS28-Fast-4μm column due to the similar selectivity</li></ul><h5><strong>For Use With a High-Pressure IC System</strong></h5><p>Higher resolution is achieved through the use of smaller resin particles, which produce a column backpressure over 3000 psi at the standard flow rates. A high-pressure IC system, such as the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ ICS-5000+ HPIC™ or the Thermo Scientific Dionex ICS-4000 Capillary HPIC system is required to operate this column under standard conditions and take advantage of elevated flow rates and faster run times.</p><h5><strong>Reduce Operating Costs With Lower Eluent Requirements</strong></h5><p>The Dionex IonPac AS28-Fast-4μm capillary columns provide the same performance as the standard bore and microbore Dionex IonPac AS28-Fast-4μm columns because they are packed with the same material. Operating costs are reduced because the capillary system operates at only 1% of the eluent flow rate of the standard bore system, requiring less eluent and producing less waste.</p><h5><strong>Multiple Formats Available</strong></h5><ul><li>4 x 150mm and 2 x 150mm analytical columns</li><li>4 x 30mm and 2 x 30mm analytical guard columns</li><li>0.4 x 150mm capillary columns</li><li>0.4 x 35mm capillary guard columns</li><li>Smaller i.d. columns provide higher mass sensitivity, eluent and reagent conservation, and lower operating costs</li></ul><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 230 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity:</strong> 230 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Hydroxide</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 5000 psi (345 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% Acetonitrile, Methanol, and Isopropanol</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> Super Macroporous Ethylvinylbenzene Polymer Cross-Linked with Divinylbenzene</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Ethylvinylbenzene/Divinylbenzene</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS29-Fast-4μm IC Columns

Analyze inorganic anions in high ionic strength matrices using Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ AS29-Fast-4μm ion chromatography (IC) columns.

<p><strong>Analyze inorganic anions in high ionic strength matrices using Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ AS29-Fast-4μm ion chromatography (IC) columns. Specifically designed to handle high ionic strength samples, Dionex IonPac AS29-Fast-4μm columns can easily separate the common inorganic anions in less than 10 minutes and can tolerate samples with high or low pH without requiring any pretreatment. They are ideal for analzying drinking water, wastewater, process streams, and scrubber solutions. Use with the Dionex AS29 Eluent Concentrate for fast, convenient, and reliable eluent preparation.</strong></p><h5><strong>Fast separation of common inorganic anions with excellent resolution</strong></h5><ul><li>Achieve fast, isocratic separation of common inorganic anions in less than 10 minutes.</li><li>Analyze high ionic strength samples without compromising the separation of other analytes.</li><li>Excellent resolution of carbonate away from the common inorganic anions.</li><li>Robust stationary phase can tolerate acidic or basic samples without the need for pretreatment.</li><li>Similar peak efficiency to Dionex IonPac AS22-Fast-4μm column with the same elution order.</li><li>Solvent compatibility permits easy column cleanup after the analysis of samples with hydrophobic components.</li><li>Use with Dionex AS29 Eluent Concentrate for simple and accurate eluent preparation.</li></ul><h5><strong>Use with a High Pressure IC system</strong></h5><p>Higher resolution is achieved through the use of smaller resin particles, which produce a column backpressure over 3000 psi at the standard flow rates. A high-pressure IC system, such as the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ ICS-5000+ HPIC™ system or Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ Integrion™ HPIC system is required to operate this column under standard conditions.</p><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 126 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity:</strong> 126 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Carbonate/Bicarbonate</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 5000 psi (345 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% Organic HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> Super Macroporous Resin</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Ethylvinylbenzene/Divinylbenzene</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS30 IC Columns

Achieve high resolution separations of trace oxyhalides and inorganic anions in drinking water with Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS30 columns.

<p><strong>Achieve high resolution separations of trace oxyhalides and inorganic anions in drinking water with Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS30 columns. The column selectivity has been optimized for trace level analysis of bromate in drinking water preserved with ethylenediamine (EDA). EDA is used as a preservative in some drinking water samples and can cause interference with early eluting peaks. The high capacity of this hydroxide-selective anion-exchange column allows large loop injections for trace analysis (μg/L) without sample pre-treatment or preconcentration.</strong></p><h5><strong>Superior Chromatographic Performance</strong></h5><ul><li>Optimized for analysis of trace bromate in drinking water preserved with EDA</li><li>High capacity: 477 μeq/column (4 x 250 mm) allows large loop injections for trace analysis</li><li>Column selectivity has been optimized at an operating temperature of 30°C</li><li>Compatible with organic solvents</li></ul><h5><strong>Unique Selectivity for Samples Preserved with Ethylenediamine</strong></h5><p>The selectivity of the Dionex IonPac AS30 column has been optimized to facilitate quantitation of trace levels of bromate in drinking water containing up to 50 ppm ethylenediamine (EDA). Ethylenediamine is sometimes added to drinking water samples as a preservative and can react with carbonate to produce artifacts that interfere with early eluting analytes such as fluoride. The Dionex IonPac AS30 column minimizes this interference by increasing the separation between fluoride and the EDA carbamate artifact, allowing better integration of the fluoride peak. In comparison to the Dionex IonPac AS19 and IonPac AS27 columns, the Dionex IonPac AS30 column features unique selectivity and much higher column capacity to enable separation of fluoride from the EDA carbamate artifact as well as separation of carbonate and sulfate for better quantification of sulfate.</p><p>The Dionex IonPac AS30 column is suitable for determining bromate at 5 ppb in a matrix containing up to 50 ppm each of chloride, carbonate, and sulfate. For trace bromate analysis below 5 ppb in higher ionic strength matrices (where chloride levels exceed 50 ppm), the Dionex IonPac AS19 column is recommended. Alternatively, the Dionex IonPac AS27 column is recommended for higher ionic strength matrices preserved with EDA.</p><h5><strong>Use with a High-Pressure IC system</strong></h5><p>A high-pressure IC system such as the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ ICS-5000+, Dionex ICS-6000, or Dionex Integrion HPIC™ system is required to use this column under standard operating conditions.</p><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 6 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity:</strong> 477 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Hydroxide</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 5000 psi (345 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> Super Macroporous Resin</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Ethylvinylbenzene/Divinylbenzene</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS32-Fast-4μm IC Columns

Resolve polythionates, persulfate, polysulfonated aromatics, and aromatic dyes and pigments with the Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS32-Fast-4μm column.

<p><strong>Resolve polythionates, persulfate, polysulfonated aromatics, and aromatic dyes and pigments with the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS32-Fast-4μm column. The unique selectivity of the Dionex IonPac AS32-Fast-4μm column allows it to resolve trace amounts of perchlorate in matrices containing high levels of chloride and sulfate within ten minutes using simple, isocratic conditions. Compared to similar anion-exchange columns packed with 7-9μm resin particles, Dionex IonPac AS32-Fast-4μm columns produce more efficient peaks, resulting in more accurate integration and more reliable results.</strong></p><h5><strong>Superior Chromatographic Performance</strong></h5><ul><li>High capacity allows injection of complex matrices without overloading the column while maintaining excellent peak shapes for lower concentration analytes.</li><li>Ultralow hydrophobicity and reduced 150mm column length allow for fast analysis of highly polarizable anions such as perchlorate and iodide with a simple, isocratic eluent.</li><li>Quickly separate disparate concentration ratios (1:1000) of perchlorate in high sulfate matrices using simple, isocratic conditions.</li><li>Separate polythionates such as dithionate, trithionate, and tetrathionate.</li><li>Separate color additives including FD&amp;C Yellow #5, FD&amp;C Yellow #6, FD&amp;C Blue #1, and FD&amp;C Red #40 using a hydroxide gradient.</li></ul><h5><strong>Use with a High-Pressure IC system</strong></h5><p>A high-pressure IC system, such as the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/410"><strong>Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ ICS-6000 HPIC system</strong></a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/408"><strong>Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ Integrion™ HPIC system</strong></a> is required to operate this column under standard conditions.</p><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Anion Exchange Capacity:</strong> 126 μeq</li><li><strong>Crosslinking: </strong>55% DVB</li><li><strong>Column Capacity:</strong> 126 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Hydroxide</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 5000 psi (345 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> Super Macroporous Resin</li><li><strong>Format:</strong> Standard Bore</li><li><strong>Packing Material: </strong>Ethylvinylbenzene/Divinylbenzene</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS4A-SC IC Columns

For fast, isocratic separation of inorganic anions in environmental waters, the Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS4A-SC column was the preferred column for many years. 

<p><strong>For fast, isocratic separation of inorganic anions in environmental waters, the Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ IonPac™ AS4A-SC column was the preferred column for many years. It was first introduced in 1984 and is the specified column in U.S. EPA Method 300.0 (A). However, the advanced, high-capacity Dionex IonPac AS22 Carbonate Eluent Anion-Exchange column is recommended for fast analysis of inorganic anions in diverse matrices when using carbonate eluents.</strong></p><h5><strong>Fast Isocratic Separation of Inorganic Anions in Simple Matrices</strong></h5><ul><li>Compliance monitoring of common anions in drinking water as specified in U.S. EPA Methods 300.0 (A)</li><li>Separation of common inorganic anions in 10 minutes in water, food and beverages, and other diverse sample matrices</li><li>Compatible with sodium tetraborate gradient to optimize difficult separations</li><li>Solvent compatibility for easy column cleanup after the analysis of samples with hydrophobic components</li></ul><h5><strong>Multiple Formats Available for Application Flexibility</strong></h5><ul><li>4×250mm, 2x250mm analytical columns</li><li>4×50mm, 2x50mm guard columns</li><li>Longer 250mm columns facilitate higher resolution separations of more complex sample matrices</li><li>Smaller i.d. columns provide higher mass sensitivity, eluent and reagent conservation and lower operating costs</li></ul><p><strong>Note:</strong> <i>Use with the Dionex IonPac AS4A Eluent Concentrate for simple, accurate eluent preparation.</i></p><h4><strong>Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Column Capacity: </strong>20 μeq</li><li><strong>Column Chemistry:</strong> Carbonate/Bicarbonate</li><li><strong>Crosslinking:</strong> 0.5% DVB</li><li><strong>For Use With (Application):</strong> Separation of Inorganic Anions, Anion Exchange</li><li><strong>Ion Exchange Group: </strong>Alkanol Quaternary Ammonium Ion</li><li><strong>Max. Pressure:</strong> 4000 psi (275 bar)</li><li><strong>Solvent Compatibility:</strong> pH 0 to 14, 0 to 100% HPLC Solvents</li><li><strong>Stationary phase:</strong> IonPac AS4A-SC</li><li><strong>Packing Material:</strong> Ethylvinylbenzene/Divinylbenzene</li></ul>

Products focused on Consumables from Thermo Fisher Scientific - page 4

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