News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 21, 2026

From the Road to the Field: Decoding Chemical Transformation in Aging Tire and Artificial Turf Crumb Rubber

<p><strong>In the week of May 25, the following webinars await you in the field of liquid phase and especially HPLC and LC/MS.</strong></p><blockquote><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinars"><strong>👉 DETAILS AND REGISTRATION IN THE WEBINARS SECTION</strong></a></h4><p><strong>👉 Search and filter in the largest global database</strong> with over <strong>5 500 GC, LC, MS and spectroscopy webinars</strong>.</p></blockquote><h5><strong>1. Agilent Technologies: PFAS &amp; Our Planet: Food and Food Contact Materials</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 26.5.2026 11:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6141">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Discover how PFAS regulations and LC-MS/MS workflows are shaping food and packaging analysis, from contamination control to cross-border compliance and emerging global trends.</p><h5><strong>2. Tosoh Bioscience: Integrated and Intensified Downstream Processing on a Single Device</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 26.5.2026 15:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6214">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Discover how Tosoh Bioscience uses Octave™ multi-column chromatography to integrate automated dual-step downstream purification workflows for intensified mAb manufacturing.</p><h5><strong>3. SelectScience: Revealing hidden LNP subpopulations with high-resolution chromatographic techniques</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 26.5.2026 17:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6189">Registration</a></li></ul><p>As lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based therapeutics diversify and regulatory expectations for complex nucleic acid products mature, analytical strategies must evolve.</p><h5><strong>4. Phenomenex: Reliable GLP-1 Aggregate Analysis Using Biozen dSEC</strong></h5><ul><li>We, 27.5.2026 10:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6185">Registration</a></li></ul><p>This webinar provides an exploration of peptide aggregation mechanisms and how SEC can be applied to characterize these critical quality attributes.</p><h5><strong>5. Waters Corporation: Getting pH Right</strong></h5><ul><li>We, 27.5.2026 17:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6193">Registration</a></li></ul><p>This webinar covers practical approaches to improving pH measurement accuracy in environmental testing.</p><h5><strong>6. Technology Networks: Ultrashort-Chain PFAS: Practical Guidance for Testing Labs</strong></h5><ul><li>We, 27.5.2026 17:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6192">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Environmental labs are facing increasing pressure to address ultrashort-chain PFAS as regulatory scrutiny accelerates and begins to influence current testing priorities.</p><h5><strong>7. Agilent Technologies: Navigating PFAS Complexity: Addressing the Unique Chromatographic Challenges of Ultra-Short-Chain PFAS</strong></h5><ul><li>We, 27.5.2026 17:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6191">Registration</a></li></ul><p>In this webinar, we will discuss key considerations for selecting an LC separation technique and choosing appropriate consumables.</p><h5><strong>8. Waters Corporation: Informatics series #32 Empower Data Exchange - Core Features</strong></h5><ul><li>Th, 28.5.2026 11:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6221">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Master data export in Empower Software. Learn how to create export methods for raw data, results, and reports, ensuring secure data transfer into applications like LIMS or NuGenesis.</p><h5><strong>9. Waters Corporation: Transform Your Daily Lab Operations with Automation - Pharma Workflows</strong></h5><ul><li>Th, 28.5.2026 11:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6219">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Explore automated pharma workflows that reduce variability, improve efficiency, and support compliant multistep sample preparation.</p><h5><strong>10. Separation Science: Connecting Microbiology and Toxicology: LC-MS/MS Methods for Cereulide Quantitation in Food Matrices</strong></h5><ul><li>Th, 28.5.2026 11:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6215">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Learn how LC-MS/MS enables sensitive cereulide detection in infant formula, ARA oil, and dairy products, addressing critical food safety gaps missed by standard microbiological screening.</p><h5><strong>11. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Modern approach to analyze disinfection by-products in water</strong></h5><ul><li>Th, 28.5.2026 16:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6217">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Discover how IC-MS is transforming disinfection by-products analysis and helping laboratories stay ahead of evolving regulatory demands. Explore the future of efficient and accurate water quality testing.</p><h5><strong>12. Waters Corporation: Is your Biosimilar, Similar?</strong></h5><ul><li>Th, 28.5.2026 16:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6216">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Explore regulatory expectations and advanced SEC-MALS workflows for biosimilarity assessment of monoclonal antibodies, including CQAs, aggregation analysis, and impurity profiling.</p><h5><strong>13. Evosep Biosystems: Preparing for Next Generation Evosep Proteomics</strong></h5><ul><li>Th, 28.5.2026 16:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6196">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Get an exclusive pre-ASMS 2026 sneak peek into how Evosep is driving the next phase of proteomics standardization, showcasing advancements in Evotip-based sample prep and integrated workflows.</p><h5><strong>14. Waters Corporation: Purifying Problematic Compounds by RP-LC: Simplified Workflows for Better Outcomes with Inert Preparative Columns</strong></h5><ul><li>Th, 28.5.2026 17:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6220">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Optimize Prep LC workflows for compounds prone to metal interactions. Discover how Waters MaxPeak Premier Columns increase purity and target recovery.</p><h5><strong>15. Unchained Labs: Break the protein formulation code with Aunty</strong></h5><ul><li>Th, 28.5.2026 17:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6218">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Speed up protein formulation studies with Aunty. Join this webinar to learn how high-throughput DSF, SLS, and DLS can optimize workflow and improve efficiency.</p><h5><strong>16. SelectScience: Powering reliable industrial analysis with advanced C-IC workflows</strong></h5><ul><li>Fr, 29.5.2026 16:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6225">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Learn how combustion ion chromatography (C-IC) simplifies halogen and sulfur analysis in complex matrices using the Thermo Scientific Cindion C-IC system and new LPG/Gas module.</p><h5><strong>17. SelectScience: TechTalk: Smarter LC investments that improve efficiency in biopharma labs</strong></h5><ul><li>Fr, 29.5.2026 16:30 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6222">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Discover how Agilent Infinity III LC Series innovations enhance efficiency in biopharma labs. Learn to combine HPLC/UHPLC robustness with new capabilities to streamline workflows in 20 minutes.</p><h5><strong>18. SelectScience: Advancing PFAS biomonitoring: What we measure and why it matters</strong></h5><ul><li>Fr, 29.5.2026 17:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6036">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Explore how advanced LC-MS/MS, HRMS, and multi-omics reshape PFAS biomonitoring and health-risk assessment. Expert panel connects analytical science with clinical and regulatory decision-making.</p>

Webinars LabRulezLCMS Week 22/2026

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 22, 2026

<p><strong>In the week of June 1, the following webinars await you in the field of liquid phase and especially HPLC and LC/MS.</strong></p><blockquote><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinars"><strong>👉 DETAILS AND REGISTRATION IN THE WEBINARS SECTION</strong></a></h4><p><strong>👉 Search and filter in the largest global database</strong> with over <strong>5 500 GC, LC, MS and spectroscopy webinars</strong>.</p></blockquote><h5><strong>1. Waters Corporation: Data handling and DMPK analysis with confidence</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 2.6.2026 15:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6226">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Discover practical DMPK bioanalysis workflows in action and learn how modern software and MS systems improve efficiency, consistency, and confidence from sample to result.</p><h5><strong>2. SCIEX: Reliable quantitation of GLP-1 analogues in bioanalysis and IP 2026 updates</strong></h5><ul><li>We, 3.6.2026 15:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6239">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Join us for an insightful webinar exploring reliable quantitation of GLP-1 analogues in bioanalysis and IP 2026 updates.</p><h5><strong>3. Waters Corporation: Enhancing Next-Gen Drug Discovery with High-Performance Inert LC Solutions</strong></h5><ul><li>We, 3.6.2026 16:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6153">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Explore how MaxPeak Premier Columns enhance LC discovery workflows, improving characterization, reliability, and throughput for modern drug development.</p><h5><strong>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Supporting Efficient mAb Development with a Flexible Downstream Purification Toolkit</strong></h5><ul><li>Th, 4.6.2026 17:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6228">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Accelerate mAb development with a flexible downstream purification toolkit. Learn strategies for buffer optimization and expanding chromatography options to overcome complex purification challenges.</p>

Webinars LabRulezLCMS Week 23/2026

Characterisation of small RNA-based therapeutics and their process impurities by fast and sensitive liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 23, 2026

<p><strong>This study presents a rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for determining flibanserin in products marketed as female sexual desire enhancers. The method was fully validated according to ICH guidelines, achieving a low quantification limit and a short 5-minute analysis time. Confirmation was performed using LC-MS-IT-TOF.</strong></p><p>Analysis of commercial products revealed either the absence or only trace amounts of flibanserin, raising concerns about product authenticity, efficacy, and consumer safety. In addition, sustainability assessment demonstrated that the analytical approach is suitable for routine quality control applications.</p><blockquote><h4><strong>The original article</strong></h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c13004"><strong>Determination of Flibanserin in Female Sexual Desire Enhancer Products by LC–MS/MS and Its Confirmation by LCMS-IT-TOF</strong></a></h4><p>Abeer Elriş, Mazlum Akif Altun, Saniye Özcan, Serkan Levent, and Nafiz Öncü Can*</p><p>ACS Omega 2026, 11, 6, 10828–10836</p><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c13004">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c13004</a></p><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><strong>CC-BY 4.0</strong></a></h6></blockquote><p><strong>Selected sections from the article follow. Formats and hyperlinks were adapted from the original.</strong></p><div><p>In the world, many people experience sexual problems at some point in their lives. Women are disproportionately affected due to the lack of appropriate treatments in modern medicine, leading to most of them not receiving treatment or finding an appropriate solution. The research showed that one in every 10 women in the United States has some form of sexual dysfunction. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1)</a> Flibanserin (FLB), an active substance that can be used especially in hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), has become a source of hope for many women with this problem.</p><p>FLB was initially developed as an antidepressant; however, due to FLB’s inability to demonstrate an antidepressant effect in the experiments, participants indicated heightened sexual desire as a side effect, suggesting the potential application of this substance in the treatment of HSDD. So the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved FLB again in 2015, but this time for the treatment of HSDD instead of depression. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(2)</a> According to the data obtained from the begonia, daisy and violet studies, 12.8% of those taking FLB experienced side effects such as drowsiness, 10.6% dizziness, 9.9% nausea and 7.1% fatigue. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(3)</a> Due to these side effects, it is recommended that FLB be taken before going to bed. Also, taking FLB with alcohol was avoided due to the risk of fainting and hypotension.</p><p>Although flibanserin (FLB) is one of the few active substances approved for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder, the number of available studies remains limited, as its approval by the FDA is relatively recent. The majority of published studies have focused on pharmaceutical quality control or bioanalytical applications, predominantly employing LC–MS/MS <a href="javascript:void(0);">(4−10)</a> and HPLC <a href="javascript:void(0);">(4,11)</a> techniques. These studies have investigated a wide range of sample matrices, including natural products such as beer, grape wine, and herbal tea, as well as biological samples (e.g., plasma and brain tissue) and pharmaceutical formulations such as Veroxeserin. In contrast, a study conducted in Poland reported the presence of FLB in certain herbal products, raising concerns regarding the unauthorized use of this compound. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(7)</a> This finding prompted questions about the potential presence of FLB in products marketed as female sexual desire enhancers in the Turkish market. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine FLB in various commercially available products obtained in Türkiye to assess the presence of FLB and to characterize their contents. Notably, it was observed that some products lacked manufacturer address information, despite regulatory requirements, and that the recommended usage instructions were concerning, particularly in light of the known side effects of FLB.</p><p>This study aimed to develop and validate a sensitive and reliable LC–MS/MS method for the determination of flibanserin (FLB) in commercial products collected from the Turkish market that are marketed as female sexual desire enhancers. The samples were additionally analyzed using an LC-MS-IT-TOF instrument to support the qualitative characterization of their contents. A further objective of this work was to investigate whether FLB is being inappropriately incorporated into over-the-counter products in a manner analogous to the illicit use of sildenafil in food products or dietary supplements. By screening products predominantly obtained through online sales channels, this study sought to assess the potential unauthorized presence of FLB and to highlight possible risks to women’s health associated with such unregulated practices. As a complementary aspect, the environmental and practical performance of the proposed analytical approach was evaluated using greenness, whiteness, and blueness assessment tools, including ComplexMoGAPI, AGREE, WAC, and BAGI.</p><h4><strong>2. Experimental Section</strong></h4><h5><strong>2.2. Instrumentation</strong></h5><p>The mass spectrometric studies were succeeded in an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=8040"><strong>8040 model MS/MS</strong></a> instrument connected to a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=Nexera+XR"><strong>Nexera XR Series LC</strong></a> (from Shimadzu); the whole system was composed with DGU-20A3R degasser, LC-20AD gradient pump, SIL-20AC autosampler, CBM-20A communications bus module, CTO-10ASVP column oven.</p><p>The LCMS-IT-TOF series liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry instrument (Shimadzu) was used for structural characterization; the instrument consisted of the following modules: DGU-20A3 degasser, 2× LC-20AD gradient pump, SIL-20A autosampler, CTO-10ASVP column oven, CBM-20A communication module, and ion-trap and time-of-flight (IT-TOF) mass spectrometer. LCMS Solutions 3.80 software was used for setting instrumental parameters and spectrum integration.</p><h4><strong>3. Result and Discussion</strong></h4><h5><strong>3.1. Ionization Characteristics of Flibanserin</strong></h5><p>Although the LC–MS/MS system has some financial disadvantages, its ability to detect even very low concentrations makes it a suitable system for this study. Analyses were performed to determine the ionization type, and it was determined that FLB causes positive ionization. The daughter ions and collision energy observed under multiple reaction conditions using the electrospray ionization method are given in <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c13004#tbl2">Table 2</a>. The waiting time was determined to be 100 ms. Three daughter ions were detected, 161.05, 119.05, and 133.05 <i>m</i>/<i>z</i>. Their fragmentation paths are given in <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c13004#fig1">Figure 1</a>. It is suggested that the daughter ion with the <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> value of 161.05 is fragmented by heterolytic fragmentation, the daughter ion with the <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> value of 133.05 is fragmented by heterolytic fragmentation and carbonyl release, and the ion with the <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> value of 119.05 is fragmented by McLafferty rearrangement and hydroxyl release. The product ions at <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> 161 and <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> 119 have been reported in previous studies, while the ion at <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> 133 is considered a transitional step and is formed in lower abundance than the other two. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(4,6)</a></p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ACS_Omega_2026_11_6_10828_10836_Figure_1_Fragmentation_paths_of_FLB_in_positive_electrospray_ionization_mode_79d6842698.jpeg" alt="ACS Omega 2026, 11, 6, 10828–10836: Figure 1. Fragmentation paths of FLB in positive electrospray ionization mode." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ACS_Omega_2026_11_6_10828_10836_Figure_1_Fragmentation_paths_of_FLB_in_positive_electrospray_ionization_mode_79d6842698.jpeg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1458" height="807"></p><h5><strong>3.7. Comparison of the Method with Data in the Literature</strong></h5><p>The analytical methods developed for FLB analysis in the literature were summarized in <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c13004#tbl5">Table 5</a>. The methods could be divided into two parts: quality control and bioanalytical purposes. It was obvious that all the instrumentation systems used for bioanalytical analyses presented so far were LC–MS/MS. The methods developed for quality control analyses were based on analysis with HPLC and LC–MS/MS. Apart from these, there are two other high-throughput methods that were developed for various purposes. However, these two methods have significant disadvantages, such as requiring experience and mastery for routine analyses. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(17,18)</a> Poplawska et al. were created to analyze both FLB and tadalafil at the same time in herbal products using an LC system along with PDA, MS, and a charged aerosol detector, just like the method that was developed. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(7)</a> They also characterized herbal preparations with LCMS-IT-TOF. Compared to their method, our method has advantages such as a working range that was approximately 100 times and LOQ was 0.5 times lower. Also, they characterized 9 compounds in herbal products with high-resolution mass spectrometry studies. Our method used high-resolution mass spectrometry to characterize all samples from 9 different market brands in detail. In addition, starting from sample collection to final analysis, the principles of less environmental harm and efficient and sustainable analytical method development were considered and evaluated with 4 different metric tools, which is another originality of the our article. Moreover, this study encourages other researchers to focus on such synthetic products and assess their impact on public health. In certain societies, these products hold a peculiar appeal: their sale remains hidden, yet their use is widespread. As a result, the table already presents a detailed comparison of all the methods developed so far. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(19)</a></p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ACS_Omega_2026_11_6_10828_10836_Table_5_Comparison_with_Previous_Studies_5e930ca443.webp" alt="ACS Omega 2026, 11, 6, 10828–10836 - Table 5. Comparison with Previous Studies.webp" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ACS_Omega_2026_11_6_10828_10836_Table_5_Comparison_with_Previous_Studies_5e930ca443.webp 122w," sizes="100vw" width="625" height="797"></p><h4><strong>4. Conclusion</strong></h4><p>Due to the lack of the drug treatment for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in women and the feeling of shame or hesitation stemming from cultural reasons. People in many countries do not think about or try to seek medical help for this issue. This situation not only complicates the diagnosis of such diseases but also exposes those affected to potential harm. Many women who cannot get medical help or access treatments like flibanserin and bremelanotide, which are available in only a few countries, often seek other options. In this case, products marketed as sexual desire enhancers for women are based on taking advantage of people’s helplessness. When marketing such products, the following is stated: “If you want to make a sweet surprise for your partner without him knowing, it will be enough to drop 7–8 drops into her drink and wait for half an hour.” Beyond the fact that such statements could lead women to take these products against their will, marketing them in this way encouraging people to use them and making it seem normal is also wrong.</p><p>FLB was licensed by the United States Food and Drug Administration as the only medication for the treatment of female sexual interest/arousal disorder of any degree. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(11)</a> The current LC–MS/MS method is a novel, simple, and time-saving analytical method for the determination of FLB with a low quantification limit. The method was fully validated and used to determine FLB in samples that were bought as a solution to the treatment of female sexual desire enhancement. It has been shown that some of the products did not include content information. In addition, it has also been determined that the manufacturer’s address was present in some products while not others. As a result of the analysis, in some products had low concentration of FLB, which was not enough to make an effect. When the same samples were given to LCMS-IT-TOF to characterization, it was shown that the contents of the product did not match with that given in the lists on their boxes, and they included substances like caffeine, lactose, and citric acid, which have no effect on the disease., Finally, analyzing products like this in detail and identifying any substances that may threaten human health is an important point in terms of public health, especially considering that patients using such products do not have any other solution in Türkiye or in the other countries.</p><p>In the present study, a comprehensive screening of 15 finished products was conducted, making it one of the most extensive surveys of commercially available formulations reported in the literature to date. Owing to the nanogram-per-milliliter-level LOQ achieved with the developed LC–MS/MS method, the method offers not only a highly sensitive approach for the analysis of finished products but also a potential alternative for plasma and urine analyses in future bioanalytical applications. Furthermore, the method is distinguished by its strong ecological profile, demonstrated through multiple green analytical chemistry assessment tools, underscoring its suitability as an environmentally conscious analytical approach. Although the proposed method demonstrated favorable greenness, whiteness, and blueness characteristics, further enhancements in environmental performance may be achieved in future studies through the implementation of miniaturized or low-flow LC systems and the integration of automated sample preparation, which could reduce energy consumption and improve overall sustainability.</p><p>Overall, the analytical strategy presented herein provides a robust and versatile platform that can be effectively utilized across pharmaceutical quality control laboratories, food and dietary supplement testing facilities, and a wide range of academic research settings. This study therefore represents a valuable contribution to the field by combining comprehensive product surveillance with a highly sensitive, validated, and sustainability-oriented analytical methodology.</p></div>

Determination of Flibanserin in Female Sexual Desire Enhancer Products by LC–MS/MS and Its Confirmation by LCMS-IT-TOF

<p><strong>This study employs CE-ICP-MS to investigate the complexation of plutonium in oxidation states III–VI with gluconate at acidic pH, alongside analogous actinides including americium, thorium, neptunium, and uranium. Electrophoretic mobility measurements enabled characterization of complex formation and comparison of plutonium behavior with its redox analogues.</strong></p><p>The results showed similar complexation behavior for Pu(III), Pu(V), and Pu(VI) relative to corresponding actinides, while Pu(IV) exhibited distinct interactions involving mixed hydroxide–gluconate species. The findings provide new insight into actinide speciation and bonding mechanisms, demonstrating differences between tetravalent and actinyl ions and highlighting the value of CE-ICP-MS for studying radionuclide chemistry.</p><blockquote><h4><strong>The original article</strong></h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5c04403"><strong>Complexation of Plutonium and Other Actinides in Different Oxidation States with Gluconate at Low pH Values─A CE-ICP-MS Study</strong></a></h4><p>Janik Lohmann, Felix Sprunk, Diana Velikotrav, Alexander Wiebe, Julia Zemke, and Tobias Reich*</p><p>Inorg. Chem. 2026, 65, 7, 3806–3814</p><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5c04403">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5c04403</a></p><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><strong>CC-BY 4.0</strong></a></h6></blockquote><p><strong>Selected sections from the article follow. Formats and hyperlinks were adapted from the original.</strong></p><div><p>Gluconic acid is considered to be one of the most important organic ligands that could influence the mobility of radionuclides in the near field of a potential low or intermediate level nuclear waste repository. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1)</a></p><p>Through its use as a potential cement additive, gluconate can be released during cement degradation. Several studies have already demonstrated the influence of gluconate on the retention of tri- and tetravalent actinides under conditions relevant to the nuclear waste repository. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(2−6)</a> Furthermore, large quantities of sodium gluconate were introduced at the Hanford site as part of the Manhattan project. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(7)</a></p><p>Plutonium is responsible for a large part of the radiotoxicity in spent fuels. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(8)</a> Due to the complicated redox chemistry, studies with plutonium require a high degree of redox control. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(9)</a> This is probably one of the reasons that there are only a few studies with Pu, especially at low pH values. In the literature, mainly redox-stable actinides have been investigated as analogues of Pu in different oxidation states.</p><p>Most studies regarding the influence of gluconate under repository-relevant conditions were conducted at alkaline or hyperalkaline pH values, which are expected during cement aging. Under the reductive conditions in the repository, actinides predominantly occur in the oxidation states +III and +IV. In literature, gluconate complexation has therefore mainly been investigated with Th(IV) <a href="javascript:void(0);">(3,5,10)</a> or U(IV) <a href="javascript:void(0);">(11)</a> as a representative of An(IV) and with Am(III), <a href="javascript:void(0);">(10)</a> Cm(III), <a href="javascript:void(0);">(6)</a> or Eu(III) <a href="javascript:void(0);">(10)</a> as representatives of An(III). For An(VI), the complexation of U(VI) <a href="javascript:void(0);">(12,13)</a> with gluconate was investigated. To our knowledge, no studies on the complexation of An(V) with GLU in an alkaline solution exist. The complexation of plutonium with GLU was only ever investigated for Pu(IV). <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5)</a> At high pH values, hydrolysis of An and the formation of mixed An–OH–GLU complexes occur. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5,6,14)</a> Although the second p<i>K</i><sub>a</sub> of gluconic acid is approximately 13 ± 1, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(15)</a> metal-induced ligand deprotonation can occur in the metal complex, resulting in the abstraction of one or more of the alcohol protons at significantly lower pH values. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(14,16,17)</a> All of these effects complicate the determination of thermodynamic data.</p><p>In order to investigate mainly the binary An–GLU complexation, experiments in this work were performed at pH ≤ 4. The investigations were carried out using a combination of capillary electrophoresis (CE) and ICP-MS. In our previous work, good agreement between CE-ICP-MS and TRLFS was achieved for the Eu(III)–GLU complexation. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(14)</a></p><p>Zhang et al. systematically investigated the complexation of Nd(III), <a href="javascript:void(0);">(18)</a> Th(IV), <a href="javascript:void(0);">(7)</a> Np(V), <a href="javascript:void(0);">(19)</a> and U(VI) <a href="javascript:void(0);">(17)</a> with gluconate under similar conditions to this work using a combination of potentiometry, spectrophotometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) studies. They described the formation of binary complexes with up to three gluconate ligands for Nd(III), <a href="javascript:void(0);">(18)</a> two for Np(V), <a href="javascript:void(0);">(19)</a> and one for U(VI). <a href="javascript:void(0);">(17)</a> For Th(IV) <a href="javascript:void(0);">(7)</a> and U(VI), <a href="javascript:void(0);">(17)</a> Zhang et al. proposed the formation of hydroxyl-deprotonated gluconate complexes even at low pH values.</p><p>In this work, the ability of CE-ICP-MS to measure multiple analytes simultaneously was used to confirm the desired Pu oxidation state by comparing the electrophoretic mobility with that of a redox-stable actinide. Thus, gluconate complexation was investigated for the pairs Am(III)/Pu(III) and Np(V)/Pu(V) at pH 4, U(VI)/Pu(VI) at pH 3, and Th(IV)/Pu(IV) between pH 1.3 and 2.7.</p><h4><strong>2. Experimental Section</strong></h4><h5><strong>2.3. CE-ICP-MS</strong></h5><p>All CE measurements were performed using an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7100+CE"><strong>Agilent 7100 CE system</strong></a> (Agilent, Santa Clara, California, USA) hyphenated to an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7900"><strong>Agilent 7900 ICP-MS system</strong></a> (Agilent, Santa Clara, California, USA). The coupling was realized via a MiraMist CE Nebulizer (Burgener Research, Mississauga, Canada) and a Scott-type spray chamber (AHS Analysentechnik, Tübingen, Germany). A fused silica capillary (TSP0503753, Polymicro Technologies, Phoenix, Arizona, USA) with a 50 μm inner diameter and a 50 cm length was used. A voltage of +10 kV and a pressure of 90 mbar were applied to aid the electro-osmotic flow (EOF). The temperature was kept at 25.0 ± 0.1 °C using internal air cooling of the CE device as well as a custom-built enclosure for the hyphenation.</p><h4><strong>3. Results and Discussion</strong></h4><h5><strong>3.1. Determination of Complexation Constants</strong></h5><h5><strong>3.1.1. Am(III)/Pu(III) Gluconate</strong></h5><p>The measured electrophoretic mobilities of Am(III) and Pu(III) at pH 4 as a function of the free gluconate concentration [GLU<sup>–</sup>] are shown in <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5c04403#fig3">Figure 3</a>. Both actinides exhibit a reduction in electrophoretic mobility with increasing gluconate concentration caused by the formation of An(III)–GLU complexes and, thus, a reduction in mean ionic charge. Under the experimental conditions, the electropherograms measured at low GLU concentrations were dominated by peaks of Pu(III) with a similar electrophoretic mobility as of Am(III) (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5c04403/suppl_file/ic5c04403_si_001.pdf">Figure S7</a>, Supporting Information). With an increase in GLU concentration, peaks with neutral or negative mobilities dominated, potentially corresponding to Pu(IV)–OH–GLU species. Despite that, nearly all samples showed a peak of Pu(III) with a mobility similar to that of Am(III).</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Inorg_Chem_2026_65_7_3806_3814_Figure_3_Plot_of_the_measured_electrophoretic_mobilities_15c44ffdad.jpeg" alt="Inorg. Chem. 2026, 65, 7, 3806–3814: Figure 3. Plot of the measured electrophoretic mobilities μeff of 241Am(III) and 239Pu(III) against the free gluconate concentration [GLU–] at pH 4 and I = 0.1 M (NaClO4). Fits include the 1:1 through 1:3 An(III)–GLU complexes using eq 5; R2Am(III) = 0.995 and R2Pu(III) = 0.996." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Inorg_Chem_2026_65_7_3806_3814_Figure_3_Plot_of_the_measured_electrophoretic_mobilities_15c44ffdad.jpeg 234w," sizes="100vw" width="975" height="651"></p><h5><strong>3.2. Comparison of Complexation Constants</strong></h5><p>The complexation of f-elements is of an electrostatic nature. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(28)</a> Ligands with the same bonding motif often follow a linear trend in complexation strength based on the effective charge <i>z</i><sub>eff</sub> of the f-element. This is the case for the 1:1 acetate complexes of Pu(III), <a href="javascript:void(0);">(29)</a> Am(III), Th(IV), <a href="javascript:void(0);">(26)</a> Np(V), U(VI), <a href="javascript:void(0);">(30)</a> and Pu(VI). <a href="javascript:void(0);">(31)</a> Ca(II) <a href="javascript:void(0);">(32)</a> was added for comparison. In <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5c04403#fig7">Figure 7</a>, log β<sup>0</sup> is plotted against the effective charge of each metal cation, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(28)</a> exhibiting a linear trend. In general, EXAFS studies show a bidentate coordination of the acetate ligand to the actinide. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(33−36)</a></p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Inorg_Chem_2026_65_7_3806_3814_Figure_7_log_v0_values_of_the_1_1_acetate_and_gluconate_complexes_plotted_against_the_effective_cationic_charge_a352d3af0d.jpeg" alt="Inorg. Chem. 2026, 65, 7, 3806–3814: Figure 7. log β0 values of the 1:1 acetate and gluconate complexes plotted against the effective cationic charge. (28) For better readability, overlapping points were shifted by zeff = ±0.02. Values determined in this work are marked by circles, values determined using CE-ICP-MS by Willberger et al. (30) and Lohmann et al. (26) are marked by diamonds and triangles, respectively, and values taken from the ThermoChimie V13a database are marked by squares (references in Table S9, Supporting Information). Gluconate complexes are red and acetate complexes are blue." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Inorg_Chem_2026_65_7_3806_3814_Figure_7_log_v0_values_of_the_1_1_acetate_and_gluconate_complexes_plotted_against_the_effective_cationic_charge_a352d3af0d.jpeg 229w," sizes="100vw" width="975" height="664"></p><p>For the gluconate complexation, an interesting effect is observed. Ca(II), An(III), and Th(IV) show a linear trend with an increased complexation strength compared to acetate, while An(V) and An(IV) fall on the trend of acetate complexation. This was also noticed by Zhang et al. for U(VI). <a href="javascript:void(0);">(17)</a></p><p>An(V) and An(VI) are both present as actinyl moieties [AnO<sub>2</sub>]<sup>z+</sup>. Two covalently bonded oxygens are linearly arranged with the metal cation, which allows ligands to bind only in the equatorial plane. For An(III) and An(IV), gluconate is expected to form a stronger tridentate bond, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(7,14)</a> which seems to be sterically hindered for An(V) and An(VI). The similar complexation constants for the acetate and gluconate complexes of An(V) and An(VI) suggest a similar bidentate bonding motif through the carboxylic function of both acid anions. This is supported by the EXFAS measurements of U(VI)–GLU. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(17)</a> It has to be noted that Willberger et al. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(30)</a> determined a higher log β<sup>0</sup> for [Am(AcO)]<sup>2+</sup> compared to previous literature, which in turn is similar to the log β<sup>0</sup> for [Am(GLU)]<sup>2+</sup> determined in the present work.</p><h4><strong>4. Conclusions</strong></h4><p>Using the coupling between capillary electrophoresis and ICP-MS, it was possible to investigate the gluconate complexation of the major Pu oxidation states from (III) to (VI) as well as the redox stable actinides Am(III), Th(IV), Np(V), and U(VI). By addition of a redox stable actinide to the Pu sample, the oxidation state of Pu could be verified by comparing the electrophoretic mobilities. This way, the complex formation constants of three successive binary [An(GLU)<i><sub>x</sub></i>]<sup>3–</sup><i><sup>x</sup></i> (<i>x</i> = 1–3) complexes could be determined for Am(III) and Pu(III). For Np(V) and Pu(V), the complex formation constants of the first binary [AnO<sub>2</sub>(GLU)]<sub>(aq)</sub> complex were determined and those of the second [AnO<sub>2</sub>(GLU)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>−</sup> complex were estimated. For U(VI) and Pu(VI), the constants of the [AnO<sub>2</sub>(GLU)]<sup>+</sup>, [AnO<sub>2</sub>(GLU<sub>–H</sub>)]<sub>(aq)</sub>, and [AnO<sub>2</sub>(GLU<sub>–H</sub>)(GLU)]<sup>−</sup> complexes were determined. Using CE-ICP-MS, it was possible to validate/confirm previous log β<sup>0</sup> values for the complexation of the redox analogues Np(V) and U(VI), but at much lower actinide concentrations than before, i.e., at 2 × 10<sup>–7</sup> M. The corresponding complexation constants for Pu were determined for the first time.</p><p>Plutonium in the oxidation states (III), (V), and (VI) behaved very similar to the corresponding redox analogous actinides. This was not the case for Th(IV)/Pu(IV). Here, the first five binary [Th(GLU)<i><sub>x</sub></i>]<sup>4–</sup><i><sup>x</sup></i> (<i>x</i> = 1–5) complexes were determined for Th(IV), whereas mixed Pu–OH–GLU complexes were proposed for Pu. The comparison of the first complex formation constants of the An–GLU complexes suggests a different bonding motif between An<sup>3+/4+</sup> and AnO<sub>2</sub><sup>+/2+</sup>, with AnO<sub>2</sub><sup>+/2+</sup> forming the weaker complexes.</p></div>

Complexation of Plutonium and Other Actinides in Different Oxidation States with Gluconate at Low pH Values─A CE-ICP-MS Study

<p><strong>In the week of June 8, the following webinars await you in the field of liquid phase and especially HPLC and LC/MS.</strong></p><blockquote><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinars"><strong>👉 DETAILS AND REGISTRATION IN THE WEBINARS SECTION</strong></a></h4><p><strong>👉 Search and filter in the largest global database</strong> with over <strong>5 500 GC, LC, MS and spectroscopy webinars</strong>.</p></blockquote><h5><strong>1. SCIEX: Biopharma fundamentals: Fragment analysis by CE</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 9.6.2026 11:00 CET</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/5961">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Join the Biopharma Fundamentals masterclass on CE-based fragment analysis and learn how CE-SDS supports reliable protein characterization and QC in regulated biopharma workflows.</p><h5><strong>2. 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Webinars LabRulezLCMS Week 24/2026

Complexation of Plutonium and Other Actinides in Different Oxidation States with Gluconate at Low pH Values─A CE-ICP-MS Study

Determination of Flibanserin in Female Sexual Desire Enhancer Products by LC–MS/MS and Its Confirmation by LCMS-IT-TOF

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Characterisation of small RNA-based therapeutics and their process impurities by fast and sensitive liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry

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Improving RNA Purity and Measurement for Reliable Bioprocessing