This guide explains how to select an appropriate size exclusion chromatography (SEC) column for the analysis of biologics. SEC separates molecules based on their hydrodynamic radius, reflecting their size and shape rather than molecular weight.<ul><li>Molecules penetrate the pores of the stationary phase</li><li>There are no chemical interactions with the stationary phase</li><li>Larger molecules elute faster</li><li>Smaller molecules elute later</li></ul><h3>Principle of SEC Separation</h3>The separation mechanism is based on molecular size:Large molecules → do not enter the pores → travel through the interstitial spaces between particles → elute earlierSmall molecules → enter the pores → follow a longer path → elute later<h3>Key Parameters for Column Selection</h3><h4>1. Molecule Nature</h4>Start by evaluating:<ul><li>hydrodynamic radius</li><li>molecular shape</li></ul>Examples:<ul><li>Peptides: ~0.7 nm</li><li>Large biomolecules (e.g., AAVs): ~25 nm</li><li>mRNA: elongated, non-globular structure</li></ul><h4>2. Pore Size Selection</h4>The pore size of the stationary phase should be:<ul><li>3–4 times larger than the hydrodynamic radius of the target molecule</li></ul><h4>3. Particle Size</h4><ul><li>≤ 3 µm</li><li>ensures high separation efficiency</li></ul><h4>4. Stationary Phase Material</h4><ul><li>Prefer mechanically robust media, such as silica</li><li>Capable of withstanding high back pressure</li></ul><h4>5. Surface Chemistry</h4><ul><li>Chemical surface inertness is critical</li><li>Diol chemistry is preferred, because:<ul><li>it minimizes interactions</li><li>it provides a highly hydrophilic surface</li></ul></li></ul><h4>6. Column Hardware</h4><ul><li>Use bio-inert hardware</li><li>ensures:<ul><li>minimal analyte loss</li><li>high reproducibility</li></ul></li></ul><h3>Available SEC Column Options (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products?category=353&amp;manufacturerItems=50&amp;search=dsec">BioZen dSEC Family</a>)</h3><h4>1. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/2192">90 Å (9 nm)</a></h4><ul><li>peptides</li><li>small proteins</li><li>aggregates up to ~50 kDa</li></ul><h4>2. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1534">200 Å</a></h4><ul><li>antibodies</li><li>antibody–drug conjugates</li><li>short oligonucleotides</li></ul><h4>3. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1535">700 Å (70 nm)</a></h4><ul><li>AAVs</li><li>mRNA</li><li>large protein complexes (e.g., IgM)</li></ul><h3>Column Characteristics</h3><ul><li>silica-based particles</li><li>diol surface chemistry (hydrophilic, inert)</li><li>bio-inert hardware</li><li>designed for:<ul><li>high recovery</li><li>high reproducibility</li></ul></li></ul><h3>Performance and Calibration</h3><h4>Proteins and AAVs</h4><ul><li>90 Å → low molecular weight (up to ~50 kDa)</li><li>200 Å → medium range (up to ~450–500 kDa)</li><li>700 Å → large molecules (including AAVs)</li></ul><h4>RNA and DNA</h4><ul><li>separation of molecules with non-globular shapes</li><li>200 Å → smaller oligonucleotides</li><li>700 Å → larger nucleic acid chains (up to ~3000–4000 nucleotides)</li></ul><h3>Conclusion</h3>Selecting the correct SEC column requires:<ul><li>understanding molecule size and shape</li><li>choosing an appropriate pore size</li><li>selecting suitable particle size</li><li>ensuring inert surface chemistry and bio-inert hardware</li></ul>This enables optimal separation of a wide range of biologics.

How to Select the Right SEC Column for the Analysis of Biologics

<h4>The science behind gummy candies</h4>Who can resist colourful, fruity gummy candies 🍬 with their signature chewy and elastic texture? While they may appear simple, their formulation is actually quite sophisticated. Each gummy is produced using a precisely balanced combination of gelling agents, sugars, acids, flavourings, and colourants, all working together to deliver the desired taste and texture.For instance, the characteristic chewiness of gummy sweets results from the interaction between gelatin and sugars. Even minor adjustments—such as changing the type or concentration of the gelling agent—can significantly alter the final product. In addition, manufacturers must meet regulatory and labeling requirements, including certifications like Halal compliance. This makes accurate and consistent monitoring of ingredients essential throughout production.<h4>The importance of SEC fingerprinting</h4>Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC), also known as Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), offers a fast and reliable way to analyze gummy formulations. By separating molecules according to their hydrodynamic size, SEC generates a unique molecular “fingerprint” for each product.This fingerprint enables manufacturers to:<ul><li>confirm the type and origin of gelling agents (e.g., for Halal verification)</li><li>ensure batch-to-batch consistency and detect production variations</li><li>monitor changes during storage to assess shelf life</li><li>evaluate low-molecular-weight compounds such as sugars in a semi-quantitative manner</li></ul>Overall, SEC fingerprinting supports consistent product quality and regulatory compliance, ensuring that every gummy maintains the same expected characteristics.<h4>Influence of column selection on SEC performance</h4>Column selection plays a crucial role in achieving high-quality separations and detailed molecular fingerprints. To illustrate this, porcine and bovine gelatin standards were analyzed using two different configurations:<ul><li>a single Multipore <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1655">SuperOH-P column</a></li><li>a coupled system of SuperOH-P 350 and SuperOH-P 150 columns</li></ul>Although both setups cover the same molecular weight range (100–1,000,000 Da), the coupled configuration effectively doubles the separation length. This results in improved resolution, which was confirmed experimentally. The coupled columns provided clearer separation between porcine and bovine gelatin, producing more distinct and informative fingerprints.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Knauer_Fig_1_Overlay_chromatograms_measured_with_DAD_at_230_nm_20_L_d81181cfb4.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Fig. 1 Overlay chromatograms measured with DAD at 230 nm, 20 µL. Dark blue: porcine reference standard; red: bovine reference standard; solid line: measured with column A; dotted line: measured with column set B. Graphic by KNAUER." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Knauer_Fig_1_Overlay_chromatograms_measured_with_DAD_at_230_nm_20_L_d81181cfb4.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="611"><h4>Achieving reliable SEC fingerprints</h4>Reproducibility is key when using SEC for quality control. The process begins with consistent sample preparation—maintaining identical dissolution procedures, concentrations, and filtration steps is essential, as even small variations can influence peak shape and overall results.Beyond the column, the entire system setup is equally important. For example, combining a Refractive Index Detector (RID) with a Diode Array Detector (DAD) allows simultaneous detection of sugars, acids, and polymers within a single analysis.Accurate peak identification further enhances reliability. By analyzing reference standards based on known ingredient compositions, chromatographic peaks can be correctly assigned, enabling detailed interpretation of both high- and low-molecular-weight components.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Knauer_Fig_2_Zoom_overlay_chromatograms_measured_with_RID_20_L_and_column_set_B_37caf5ac59.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Fig. 2 Zoom overlay chromatograms measured with RID, 20 µL and column set B. Black: Katjes® Yoghurt Gums; turquoise: apple pectin diluted 1:10; dark green: preserving sugar 1:1 (sugar; citric acid; pectin; fully hydrogenated sunflower oil); dark blue: maltodextrin; pink: sodium potassium tartrate; yellow: potassium citrate; red: citric acid; purple: lactic acid; beige: lactose; orange: sucrose; green: glucose; grey: blank. Graphic by KNAUER. " srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Knauer_Fig_2_Zoom_overlay_chromatograms_measured_with_RID_20_L_and_column_set_B_37caf5ac59.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="611">Additionally, incorporating a flow marker helps correct for system-related variations, such as fluctuations in flow rate, thereby improving retention time stability and peak assignment accuracy. More details on the flow marker and its use in SEC are described in <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VTN_0043_knauer_gpc_sec_data_reproducibility_with_flow_marker_96ee6b3cd9.pdf">this technical note</a>.<h4>Verification of gelatin origin using SEC</h4>Determining the source of gelatin is critical for proper labeling and compliance, particularly for Halal-certified products where porcine gelatin is not permitted.To demonstrate SEC’s capability, two gummy samples with identical formulations but different gelatin sources were analyzed. One sample contained porcine gelatin, while the other used bovine gelatin. The resulting SEC fingerprints showed clear differences in the gelatin region, allowing unambiguous identification. The standard Haribo® Goldbears corresponded to the porcine reference, whereas the Halal version matched the bovine standard.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Knauer_Fig_3_Overlay_chromatograms_measured_with_DAD_at_230_nm_20_L_and_column_set_B_12e99a43e7.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Fig. 3 Overlay chromatograms measured with DAD at 230 nm, 20 µL and column set B. Solid dark blue line: Haribo® Goldbears; solid red line: Halal Haribo® Goldbears; dotted dark blue line: porcine reference standard; dotted red line: bovine reference standard. Graphic by KNAUER. " srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Knauer_Fig_3_Overlay_chromatograms_measured_with_DAD_at_230_nm_20_L_and_column_set_B_12e99a43e7.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="611"><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Fig_4_Overlay_chromatograms_measured_with_RID_20_L_and_column_set_B_2_c29ea59bc4.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Fig. 4 Overlay chromatograms measured with RID, 20 µL and column set B. Solid dark blue line: Haribo® Goldbears; solid red line: Halal Haribo® Goldbears; dotted dark blue line: porcine reference standard; dotted red line: bovine reference standard. Graphic by KNAUER." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Fig_4_Overlay_chromatograms_measured_with_RID_20_L_and_column_set_B_2_c29ea59bc4.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1368" height="432">This confirms that SEC is a reliable method for distinguishing gelatin origin.<h4>Role of low-molecular-weight components</h4>In addition to polymers such as gelatin, SEC can also reveal smaller molecules, including sugars and organic acids. While SEC is not a replacement for fully validated HPLC methods, it serves as a rapid screening tool for comparing samples and supporting quality control.Using RID detection, differences in sugar composition become visible. For example, chromatograms showed a significantly higher sucrose signal in preserving sugar compared to gummy candies, reflecting formulation differences.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Knauer_Fig_5_Zoom_overlay_chromatograms_measured_with_RID_20_L_and_column_set_B_06c072e069.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Fig. 5 Zoom overlay chromatograms measured with RID, 20 µL and column set B. Black: sucrose 1mg/ml; blue: Haribo® Goldbears; green: preserving sugar 1:1 (sugar; citric acid; pectin; fully hydrogenated sunflower oil). Graphic by KNAUER." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Knauer_Fig_5_Zoom_overlay_chromatograms_measured_with_RID_20_L_and_column_set_B_06c072e069.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="611"><h4>Conclusion</h4>SEC is a powerful analytical technique for monitoring product quality and ensuring process consistency in gummy candy production. By generating detailed molecular fingerprints, it enables manufacturers to verify ingredients, maintain consistency, and comply with regulatory requirements.Importantly, this approach is not limited to gummy candies—it can be adapted to a wide range of products where molecular characterization is essential.<blockquote><ul><li>If you're planning to set up or optimize your GPC/SEC workflow, feel free to contact us at sales@knauer.net. Stay tuned for more exciting insights into the GPC/SEC world in our “GPC/SEC Made Easy” series.</li><li>For more information on the technical details, you can refer to <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VFD_0195_sec_for_fingerprint_analysis_of_gummy_candies_ce5349cd95.pdf">this application note.</a></li><li>For further information on this topic, please contact our author: wesolowski@knauer.net</li></ul></blockquote>

GPC/SEC Made Easy – Fingerprint analysis of Gummy Candies

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 17, 2026

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Based in Berlin, KNAUER is a medium-sized, owner-managed company that has been serving the sciences since 1962. We develop and manufacture scientific instruments of superior quality for liquid chromatography, including: Analytical HPLC/UHPLC, Preparative HPLC, Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), Multi-column chromatography/Simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography. High pressure dosing, in-line detection systems, and osmometry are additional business areas.

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Watrex BioWorks WorkBeads resins and GoBio Mini columns

Watrex Praha is the official distributor of Bio-Works, a leading global manufacturer of chromatographic resins designed for the purification of biopharmaceuticals.

<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex Praha</a> is the official distributor of Bio-Works, a leading global manufacturer of chromatographic resins designed for the purification of biopharmaceuticals. This partnership brings high-quality products to the Czech market, widely used in biotechnology and the pharmaceutical industry.The main product of Bio-Works is <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeads </a>resins, manufactured using a patented agarosebased method. These resins are characterized by excellent mechanical stability, uniform bead size distribution, and high separation efficiency. They are available both as loose resins and in prepacked columns, making them easy to use in various applications.For efficient small-scale purification and process development screening, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">GoBio Mini</a> columns are the ideal solution. These prepacked columns are available in 1 ml and 5 ml sizes, facilitating quick and effective biomolecule separations.Bio-Works products are used in bioprocess solutions focused on the purification and analysis of biomolecules, including monoclonal antibodies, proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, viruses, and vaccines. These technologies offer top-tier quality and precision, ensuring optimal capacity and product purity.<h3>Types of sorbents:</h3><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/affinity-chromatography/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Affinity chromatography resins</a></h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/affinity-chromatography/affinity-sorbents/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeads™ affimAb</a> is an optimized alkali-stable protein A resin designed for purification of monoclonal- and polyclonal antibodies in laboratory to process scale. This resin has a superior base matrix combined with a patented, alkali-stable protein A ligand, which results in high dynamic binding capacity at short residence times. This resin binds over 40 mg IgG/mL resin also at as short residence time as 2.5 min. Available also in prepacked 1 mL and 5 mL <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/affinity-chromatography/affinity-columns/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">GoBio™ Mini </a>columns.<h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/ion-exchange-chromatography/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Ion exchange chromatography (IEX) resins</a></h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/ion-exchange-chromatography/iex-sorbents/">WorkBeads™ resins for ion exchange chromatography</a> are designed for research and industrial scale purification of proteins, peptides and oligonucleotides by utilizing the difference in their surface charge. These resins demonstrate high-resolution separation while giving low backpressure to facilitate both capture and polishing purification applications in standard bioprocess columns.<ul><li>WorkBeads 100S is a strong cation exchanger and will bind positively charged substances.</li><li>WorkBeads 100Q is a strong anion exchanger and will bind negatively charged substances.</li><li>WorkBeads 40S is a strong cation exchanger with sulfonate ligands and will bind positively charged substances.&nbsp;</li><li>WorkBeads 40Q is a strong anion exchanger with quaternary amine and will bind negatively charged substances.&nbsp;</li><li>WorkBeads 40 DEAE is a weak anion exchanger with tertiary amine ligands (diethylaminoethyl) and is an alternative to WorkBeads 40Q when looking for alternative selectivities.</li></ul>Also available in pre-filled <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/ion-exchange-chromatography/iex-columns/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">GoBio™ Mini.</a><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/gel-filtration-sec/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resins</a></h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/gel-filtration-sec/sec-sorbents/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeads™ 40/100 SEC, WorkBeads 40/1000 SEC, WorkBeads 40/10 000 SEC, and</a> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/gel-filtration-sec/sec-sorbents/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeads Macro SEC resins</a> are used for preparative size exclusion chromatography (SEC) in laboratory and process scale purification of proteins, viruses, and other biomolecules by utilizing the differences in their size. These resins are based on agarose, which is a biopolymer suitable for separation of biomolecules. WorkBeads resins are cross-linked using a proprietary method that results in a very rigid structure. Although the general recommendation for SEC is to use a low flow rate for best purification, the rigidity and tight particle size distribution allow for the purification of viruses and other large substances at a high flow rate for fast processing and high yields.Produced using a proprietary cross-linking method that results in highly porous and physically stable matrices.We have recently added two new Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) products that expand the range for more choice and flexibility in separating large particles. WorkBeads 200 SEC, with 180 μm beads, is suitable for viscous samples like serum and whole blood. WorkBeads Macro SEC resins extend the range of several resins with a bead size of 45 μm but different porosities, making it easy to change between them when different fractionation ranges are desired.<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/gel-filtration-sec/sec-sorbents/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeads Dsalt resin</a> is designed to enable quick and easy separations of high- and lowmolecular-weight substances. This resin is pre-swollen and enables efficient desalting and buffer exchange of proteins, large peptides, and nucleic acids.Also available in pre-filled <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/gel-filtration-sec/sec-columns/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">GoBio™ Mini</a>.<h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/hic-chromatography/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) resins</a></h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/hic-chromatography/hic-sorbents/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeads™ 40 Butyl SH</a> is a resin for hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) designed for research and industrial scale purification of proteins, peptides, plasmids, and oligonucleotides by utilizing the difference in their surface hydrophobicity. It’s often used to complement other techniques that separate according to either charge or size.The functional ligand of WorkBeads 40 Butyl SH is n-butyl thioether. Since butyl is a very hydrophobic linear chain, minimal mixed-mode interactions are expected. The resin is optimized to offer reliable binding performance. The property of high-resolution separation, in combination with low backpressure, allows both capture and polishing purification applications in standard bioprocess columns. The resin is also available in several different ready-to-use prepacked column sizes, such as <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/hic-chromatography/hic-columns/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">GoBio™ Mini</a> 1 mL and 5 mL, GoBio Screen 7 x 100 (3.8 mL), GoBio Prep 16 x 100 (20 mL) and 26 x 100 (53 mL) as well as GoBio Prod columns starting at 1 L. 5.&nbsp;<h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/imac-chromatography/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) resins&nbsp;</a></h4>There are three different chelating ligands that <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/imac-chromatography/imac-sorbents/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeads IMAC resins</a> are based on. First are WorkBeads IDA (iminodiacetic acid) and WorkBeads NTA (nitrilotriacetic acid), which can be charged or are pre-charged with four different metals (Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+). Different combinations of ligands and metals give unique selectivities. Pre-charged IDA and NTA-based IMAC resins can be stripped, cleaned, and recharged with fresh metal ions.&nbsp;The third resin is WorkBeads NiMAC, a nickel pre-charged resin with very low nickel leakage and tolerant against chelating agents (EDTA) and reducing substances (DTT). This resin is optimal for the purification of, e.g. eukarytic cell feeds, which often containing these substances.For optimization, an initial screening is recommended with the different WorkBeads IMAC resins to identify the optimal combination of ligand and metal ion.Also available in pre-filled <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/imac-chromatography/imac-columns/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">GoBio™ Mini.</a><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/activated-resins/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Activated resins</a></h4>Pre-activated resin enables successful, convenient immobilization of ligands without the need for complex syntheses or special equipment. We have developed two different pre-activated resins where the bromohydrin active group reacts with thiol, amino and hydroxyl groups of the substance to be coupled. Two different resin porosities are available to facilitate optimized coupling of ligands of different sizes, or to optimize the prepared affinity resin for target molecules of different sizes.Resin for coupling your own ligands:<ul><li>Made from agarose, well established and well-known in the Biotechnology industry</li><li>Simple coupling procedures at ambient temperature</li><li>Stable at ambient temperature in aqueous solution and at neutral pH</li><li>Suitable for coupling of ligands containing sulphydryl, amino- or hydroxy group</li></ul>Available as <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/activated-resins/activated-sorbents/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeadsTM sorbents</a> or in pre-filled <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/activated-resins/activated-columns/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">GoBio™ Mini</a>.For more information or a non-binding quote regarding BioWorks products, please contact us at watrex@watrex.com or visit our website <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">www.watrex.com</a>

Products from category SPE sample preparation from Watrex Prague - page 1

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News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 17, 2026

GPC/SEC Made Easy – Fingerprint analysis of Gummy Candies

How to Select the Right SEC Column for the Analysis of Biologics