In closed communities such as the Amish in North America, rare genetic disorders occur more frequently. In children from this community, a condition has been described that affects the development of the nervous system and manifests, for example, as muscle weakness or epileptic seizures. The disorder is linked to a small change in a single protein, but for a long time it was unclear which cellular process this change disrupts. This question has now been answered by researchers from CEITEC Masaryk University, who show that the disease is caused by a disruption of a key mechanism required for the proper processing of genetic information in the cell.Every cell must first transcribe genetic information and then modify it before it can be used. From the original “working transcript,” unnecessary parts are removed and the remaining pieces are precisely joined together. This process, known as RNA splicing, consists of many consecutive steps and is tightly regulated. If the process does not proceed correctly or stops at any point, the cell cannot properly convert the copied genetic information into a usable form and therefore cannot function as it should.Researchers from CEITEC Masaryk University have now described one of the key steps in this process – a specific signal inside the cell. This signal acts as a checkpoint: only once it is fulfilled, the entire mechanism is activated and the process can continue.“We showed that during RNA splicing, a chemical modification of the protein SF3B1 is required at a precisely timed step. This modification allows another protein, SNIP1, to bind. If this signal is not transmitted correctly, the cell cannot proceed with the splicing process,” explains first author <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.ceitec.eu/pavla-gajduskova-ph-d/u26136?page=publication">Pavla Gajdušková</a>.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/CEITEC_Vzacna_geneticka_porucha_z_amisske_komunity_pomohla_potvrdit_klicovy_mechanismus_v_bunce_4_79e003984a.jpeg" alt="CEITEC: A Rare Genetic Disorder in the Amish Community Helped Confirm a Key Cellular Mechanism: Pavla Gajdušková" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_CEITEC_Vzacna_geneticka_porucha_z_amisske_komunity_pomohla_potvrdit_klicovy_mechanismus_v_bunce_4_79e003984a.jpeg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1067">This is where the research connects to patients in the Amish community. In affected children, a small genetic change in the SNIP1 protein disrupts its ability to respond properly to the signal mediated by the modified SF3B1 protein, making RNA splicing less efficient than in healthy individuals. As a result, errors occur during RNA splicing that the cell cannot correct, impairing its function – especially in the nervous system.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/CEITEC_Vzacna_geneticka_porucha_z_amisske_komunity_pomohla_potvrdit_klicovy_mechanismus_v_bunce_44a7e2ef17.jpg" alt="CEITEC/Blažek Lab: A Rare Genetic Disorder in the Amish Community Helped Confirm a Key Cellular Mechanism: Interaction between SF3B1 and SNIP1 proteins." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_CEITEC_Vzacna_geneticka_porucha_z_amisske_komunity_pomohla_potvrdit_klicovy_mechanismus_v_bunce_44a7e2ef17.jpg 156w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1600"><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/CEITEC_Vzacna_geneticka_porucha_z_amisske_komunity_pomohla_potvrdit_klicovy_mechanismus_v_bunce_2_85826d711e.jpg" alt="CEITEC/Blažek Lab: A Rare Genetic Disorder in the Amish Community Helped Confirm a Key Cellular Mechanism: The effect of mutations in SNIP1 on cell proliferation." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_CEITEC_Vzacna_geneticka_porucha_z_amisske_komunity_pomohla_potvrdit_klicovy_mechanismus_v_bunce_2_85826d711e.jpg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1067">The researchers were thus able to clarify the cause of this rare neurodevelopmental disorder. “Additionally, the cause of this disease also confirms the correctness of the checkpoint we described. It shows that even a small change in one of the proteins involved can disrupt the RNA splicing mechanism on which the cell depends,” adds group leader <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.ceitec.eu/dalibor-blazek-ph-d/u25918">Dalibor Blažek</a>.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/CEITEC_Vzacna_geneticka_porucha_z_amisske_komunity_pomohla_potvrdit_klicovy_mechanismus_v_bunce_3_f95cfd68eb.jpeg" alt="CEITEC/Martin Indruch: A Rare Genetic Disorder in the Amish Community Helped Confirm a Key Cellular Mechanism: Dalibor Blažek." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_CEITEC_Vzacna_geneticka_porucha_z_amisske_komunity_pomohla_potvrdit_klicovy_mechanismus_v_bunce_3_f95cfd68eb.jpeg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1067">Although the study focuses on basic research, its implications are broader. It suggests that the same mechanism may also play a role in regulating cell division – a process that is often disrupted in cancer.<blockquote>The research was carried out by scientists from CEITEC Masaryk University in collaboration with researchers from Spain and Germany. The study was published in the journal <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-71119-2">Nature Communications</a>.</blockquote>

A Rare Genetic Disorder in the Amish Community Helped Confirm a Key Cellular Mechanism

This study investigates the pathogenesis of neurosyphilis through cerebrospinal fluid proteomics using LC–MS/MS and ELISA validation. Comparative analysis identified 234 differentially expressed proteins, with major alterations linked to lysosomal dysfunction, axon guidance, and neurodegeneration pathways.Key lysosomal proteins, including PSAP and DNASE2, together with the axonal protein EPHA4, were significantly downregulated in neurosyphilis patients. These proteins showed potential as biomarkers for neurodegeneration and may provide new insights into disease mechanisms, diagnostics, and therapeutic targets.<blockquote><h4>The original article</h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689">Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteome Reveals Dysregulation of Lysosomal and Axonal Proteins in Neurosyphilis</a></h4>Huayang Tang*, Junjie Hu, Yifan Wu, Jinping Gao, Wenjun Wang, Xiaodong Zheng, Ran Zhang, Bo Liang, Fusheng Zhou, Ze Guo*J. Proteome Res. 2026, 25, 2, 713–722<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689</a><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY 4.0</a></h6></blockquote>Selected sections from the article follow. Formats and hyperlinks were adapted from the original.<div>Neurosyphilis (NS) is a group of clinical syndromes characterized by neuroinflammation caused by Treponema pallidum (T. pallidum), which occurs in all stages of syphilis. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1,2)</a> NS is classified based on clinical presentation as either asymptomatic (ANS) or symptomatic (SNS), and based on disease stage as either early (occurring 1–2 years after primary infection) or late. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1)</a> T. pallidum can cause local nonspecific and central nervous system (CNS) inflammation, leading to possible degenerative changes. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(3)</a> The immune response of CNS in neurosyphilis is comparable to that observed in other neuroinflammatory diseases. Consequently, the presence of neurological symptoms may not reliably indicate active CNS inflammation in syphilis patients. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(3)</a> A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomic study identified three biomarkers (SEMA7A, SERPINA3, and ITIH4) that contribute to NS and have potential implications for diagnosis and therapeutic strategies. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(4)</a> Through integrated proteomics and single-cell transcriptomics analyses, Toll-like/NF-κB signaling was identified as the key pathway involved in CNS damage caused by T. pallidum. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5)</a> Despite an increasing understanding of the biomarkers and possible neuroinflammatory damage mechanisms of neurosyphilis, the mechanisms of neurodegeneration caused by T. pallidum infection remain elusive. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(6)</a>Patients with neurosyphilis exhibit stage-specific profiles of soluble factors in their CSF, which are linked to both immune status and the extent of neuronal damage. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(7)</a> In this study, we analyzed differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the CSF proteomes from 28 individuals, including neurosyphilis (NS), suspected neurosyphilis (spNS) and non-neurosyphilis (nNS) individuals, by LC–MS/MS and analyzed a public data set of the neurosyphilis CSF proteome. Validation was then performed by ELISA in an independent group comprising 110 samples. The results revealed that neuroinflammation by T. pallidum infection results in dysregulation of the key proteins in lysosomal and axonal pathway, which suggesting a potential contribution to neurodegeneration in neurosyphilis.<h4>Materials and Methods</h4><h5>LC–MS/MS</h5>The tryptic peptides were dissolved in 0.1% formic acid (solvent A) and loaded onto a custom-made reversed-phase column (15 cm × 75 μm). Using an EASY-nLC 1000 UPLC system, a gradient was run at 400 nL/min as follows: 6% to 23% solvent B (0.1% formic acid in 98% acetonitrile) over 26 min, 23% to 35% in 8 min, up to 80% in 3 min, and held at 80% for 3 min. Peptides were ionized via an NSI source at 2.0 kV and analyzed online by a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/559">Q Exactive Plus mass spectrometer</a>. Full scans (m/z 350–1800) were acquired in the Orbitrap at 70,000 resolution. The top precursors were selected for MS/MS with an NCE of 28, and fragments were detected at 17,500 resolution. A data-dependent method cycled between one MS scan and 20 MS/MS scans with a 15.0 s dynamic exclusion. AGC was set at 5E4. MS/MS data were processed with MaxQuant (v.1.5.2.8) using Trypsin/P as the enzyme (up to 2 missed cleavages). Precursor mass tolerance was 20 ppm (first search) and 5 ppm (main search); fragment mass tolerance was 0.02 Da. Fixed modification: carbamidomethyl (C); variable modification: oxidation (M). The FDR threshold was &lt;1%, and the minimum peptide score was &gt;40.<h5>ELISA</h5>CSF levels of host proteins were quantified using commercial ELISA kits according to the manufacturers’ protocols. Proteins analyzed included PSAP (OKEH07124, Aviva, USA), CTSL (abx150963, Abbexa, UK), NPC2 (A-QEK07857, Biogradetech, USA), and DNASE2 (abx386953, Abbexa, UK). Briefly, 100 μL of CSF was added to precoated plates and incubated at 37 °C for 2 h. After washing, 100 μL of detection antibody was added to each well and incubated at 37 °C for another 2 h. Following a wash, 100 μL of streptavidin-HRP working solution was added and incubated at room temperature for 20 min in the dark. The reaction was stopped with 50 μL of stop solution, and the optical density was measured at 450 nm.<h4>Results</h4><h5>Downregulation of Key Lysosomal Proteins in CSF from Patients With Neurosyphilis</h5>By analyzing the DEPs in NS vs nNS, we observed a significant enrichment of downregulated proteins in the lysosome pathway (P = 0.007) (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689#fig2">Figure 2</a>A), with 9 lysosomal proteins showing significant downregulation (Padj &lt; 0.05) in the NS group (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689/suppl_file/pr5c00689_si_001.zip">Table S4</a>). To validate this finding, we examined the public CSF proteomics data set of neurosyphilis (PXD033034) and identified 18 proteins in the lysosomal pathway that were significantly downregulated in patients with NS (Padj &lt; 0.05) (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689/suppl_file/pr5c00689_si_001.zip">Table S4</a>). PPI network analysis determined the top 10 hub genes within the lysosome pathway (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689#fig2">Figure 2</a>B). A Venn diagram revealed 3 proteins (PSAP, CTSL, and NPC2) shared across our current data, the public data set (PXD033034) and the top 10 hub genes (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689#fig2">Figure 2</a>C). The mass spectrometry results indicated that the levels of PSAP (Padj = 0.043), CTSL (Padj = 0.028) and NPC2 (Padj = 0.013) were significantly lower in the NS group compared to the nNS group (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689#fig2">Figure 2</a>D). The PXD033034 data set revealed consistent changes in the PSAP, CTSL, and NPC2 levels in the NS group (Padj &lt; 0.05) (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689/suppl_file/pr5c00689_si_001.zip">Figure S1 and Table S4</a>). In addition, associations between the lysosomal protein DNASE2 and NS were observed in both the present study (Padj = 0.003) (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689#fig2">Figure 2</a>D) and the PXD033034 data set (Padj &lt; 0.05) (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689/suppl_file/pr5c00689_si_001.zip">Figure S1 and Table S4</a>), with subgroup analysis revealing a significantly lower expression level of DNASE2 in the SNS group compared to the ANS group (P = 0.035) (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689#fig2">Figure 2</a>D and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689/suppl_file/pr5c00689_si_001.zip">Table S3</a>). Further validation by ELISA (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689/suppl_file/pr5c00689_si_001.zip">Table S5</a>) in an independent group (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689#tbl1">Table 1</a>) confirmed significantly downregulated CSF levels of PSAP (P &lt; 0.0001), CTSL (P &lt; 0.0001), NPC2 (P = 0.0024) and DNASE2 (P &lt; 0.0001) in patients with NS (n = 21) than in nNS individuals (n = 56) (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689#fig2">Figure 2</a>E) (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689/suppl_file/pr5c00689_si_001.zip">Table S6</a>), as well as decreased in the SNS subgroup (P &lt; 0.05) (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689/suppl_file/pr5c00689_si_001.zip">Figure S2 and Table S6</a>). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis supported PSAP (AUC = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.83–0.99) and DNASE2 (AUC = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91–0.99) for distinguishing NS from nNS and as potential biomarkers for assessing neurodegeneration in NS (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689#fig2">Figure 2</a>F). These results indicate that T. pallidum infection may lead to lysosomal dysfunction in CNS.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/J_Proteome_Res_2026_25_2_713_722_Figure_2_Downregulation_of_key_lysosomal_proteins_in_the_cerebrospinal_fluid_of_neurosyphilis_patients_bbccd95f44.jpg" alt="J. Proteome Res. 2026, 25, 2, 713–722: Figure 2. Downregulation of key lysosomal proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid of neurosyphilis patients. (a) KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that downregulated proteins in patients with NS were significantly enriched in the lysosome pathway, as well as in axon guidance and neurodegeneration. (b) The top 10 hub genes involved in the lysosome pathway were identified using the STRING network data set and PPI analysis. (c) A Venn diagram revealed 3 proteins (PSAP, CTSL, and NPC2) shared across our current data, the public data set (PXD033034) and the top 10 hub genes. (d) The CSF levels of PSAP (Padj = 0.043), CTSL (Padj = 0.028), DNASE2 (Padj = 0.003) and NPC2 (Padj = 0.013) were significantly decreased in the NS group than in the nNS group. Subgroup analysis found a significantly lower expression level of DNASE2 in the SNS group than in the ANS group (P = 0.035). (e) PSAP, DNASE2, CTSL and NPC2 levels in CSF were tested by ELISA in the nNS (n = 56) and NS (n = 21) groups. Compared with those in the nNS group, significantly lower PSAP (P &lt; 0.0001), CTSL (P &lt; 0.0001), DNASE2 (P &lt; 0.0001) and NPC2 (P = 0.0024) levels were detected in the NS group. (f) ROC curve analysis for NS revealed that PSAP had an AUC = 0.91 (95% CI: 0.83–0.99), DNASE2 had an AUC = 0.95 (95% CI: 0.91–0.99), CTSL had an AUC = 0.85 (95% CI: 0.76–0.95), and NPC2 had an AUC = 0.72 (95% CI: 0.59–0.85). NS: neurosyphilis; nNS: non-neurosyphilis; ANS: asymptomatic neurosyphilis; SNS: symptomatic neurosyphilis. ROC: receiver operating characteristic; AUC: area under the curve. * P &lt; 0.05, ** P &lt; 0.01, ****P &lt; 0.0001." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_J_Proteome_Res_2026_25_2_713_722_Figure_2_Downregulation_of_key_lysosomal_proteins_in_the_cerebrospinal_fluid_of_neurosyphilis_patients_bbccd95f44.jpg 140w," sizes="100vw" width="2100" height="2339"><h5>Downregulation of Key Axonal Proteins Correlated with Lysosomal Protein Reduction in Neurosyphilis CSF</h5>Lysosomes play crucial roles in neuronal health by maintaining axonostasis. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(10)</a> The enrichment analysis indicated that the downregulated proteins in NS were implicated in the biological processes of axonostasis (such as axon development and axonogenesis) (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689#fig1">Figure 1</a>F) and the pathway of axon guidance (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689#fig2">Figure 2</a>A). Our proteomic data revealed a total of 24 downregulated (Padj &lt; 0.05) axonal proteins and 1 upregulated (Padj &lt; 0.05) axonal protein in the CSF of patients with NS (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689/suppl_file/pr5c00689_si_001.zip">Table S9</a>). Furthermore, the PXD033034 data set revealed 55 downregulated (Padj &lt; 0.05) and 4 upregulated (Padj &lt; 0.05) axonal proteins in NS (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689/suppl_file/pr5c00689_si_001.zip">Table S9</a>). The top 10 hub genes involved in the biological processes of axon development and axonogenesis were identified by PPI network analysis (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689#fig4">Figure 4</a>A). Considering the overlap of our current data, the PXD033034 data set and the top 10 hub genes (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689#fig4">Figure 4</a>B), one key protein, EPHA4, was identified across 3 data sets, with significant downregulation in our current data (Padj = 0.011) and in the PXD033034 data set (Padj = 0.028) (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689#fig4">Figure 4</a>C). Correlation analysis further revealed a positive correlation between the levels of PSAP and EPHA4 (r = i 0.83, P &lt; 0.05) (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00689#fig4">Figure 4</a>D). Reduced levels of PSAP and EPHA4 in CSF have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). <a href="javascript:void(0);">(11,12)</a> Our findings suggest that coordinated dysregulation of lysosomal and axonal proteins may contribute to neurodegeneration in NS.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/J_Proteome_Res_2026_25_2_713_722_Figure_4_Key_axonal_protein_downregulated_in_CSF_from_patients_with_neurosyphilis_66f5533e94.jpg" alt="J. Proteome Res. 2026, 25, 2, 713–722: Figure 4. Key axonal protein downregulated in CSF from patients with neurosyphilis. (a) The top 10 hub genes involved in axonostasis were identified by the STRING network data set and PPI analysis. (b) A Venn diagram revealed 1 protein (EPHA4) shared across DEPs related to axonostasis in our current data and in the public data set (PXD033034) and the top 10 hub genes. (c) EPHA4 was significantly downregulated both in our present study (Padj = 0.011) and in the PXD033034 data set (Padj = 0.028). (d) Correlation analysis demonstrated that the EPHA4 level was significantly positively correlated (P &lt; 0.05) with the levels of PSAP (r = 0.83), CTSL (r = 0.6), NPC2 (r = 0.69), DNASE2 (r = 0.61) and SEMA7A (r = 0.83). NS: neurosyphilis; nNS: non-neurosyphilis. * P &lt; 0.05." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_J_Proteome_Res_2026_25_2_713_722_Figure_4_Key_axonal_protein_downregulated_in_CSF_from_patients_with_neurosyphilis_66f5533e94.jpg 178w," sizes="100vw" width="1250" height="1096"><h4>Conclusions</h4>The present study reveals the associations of dysregulated proteins in lysosomal and axonal pathways with neurosyphilis, and potential evidence of shared pathophysiological mechanisms between neuroinflammation caused by T. pallidum infection and neurodegenerative diseases.However, this study has certain limitations. First, the use of ELISA to validate a limited number of proteins has certain limitations, such as the inherent cross-reactivity of ELISA. In the future, we can optimize the validation experiments by adding techniques such as Western blotting for verification. Second, this study uses a cross-sectional sampling method for research, which limits our ability to infer disease progression and treatment responses. In the future, we will conduct follow-up on the subjects, continue collecting cerebrospinal fluid samples after treatment, and observe whether the protein dysregulation is reversible after treatment. For spNS patients, follow-up should also be conducted to determine if they have transformed into NS, which will be very valuable for validating the predictive utility of our biomarkers. Finally, although multiple discovery and validation cohort studies have been conducted, we currently lack direct mechanistic evidence. Future work will investigate whether exposing neural cell coculture models to outer-membrane antigens of T. pallidum reproduces the lysosome and axon alterations observed in CSF, clarifying their role in neural damage of neurosyphilis and potential biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of neurodegeneration in neurosyphilis.</div>

Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteome Reveals Dysregulation of Lysosomal and Axonal Proteins in Neurosyphilis

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Watrex Streamline™ P1q HPLC Pump, PEEK

Streamline P1g is a PEEK quaternary gradient pump that offers low pressure mixing of up to four mobile phase components with better than 1% accuracy.

Streamline P1g is a PEEK quaternary gradient pump that offers low pressure mixing of up to four mobile phase components with better than 1% accuracy.<blockquote>Price 10 572 € ex VAT</blockquote>An integrated four-channel degasser ensures trouble-free mixing and pumping of the mobile phase. In the analytical version of the pump, the flow rate range from 0.001 ml/min to 10 ml/min is adjustable to 0.001 ml/min with a maximum working pressure of&nbsp;35 MPa (5,000 psi). Flow rate adjustment accuracy is ±1% and flow rate variation is better than ±0.1%. A unique feature is an active piston and seal rinse that prevents crystallization of buffers.&nbsp;A touch screen display on the front panel allows intuitive control of the pump. The display shows flow rate and pumped composition. Pump control and gradient programming is provided by a software module in <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/999">Clarity software</a> (DataApex). The PRIME function is also directly available for flushing at increased flow rates.<figure class="image"><img style="aspect-ratio:800/600;" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Streamline_P1q_HPLC_Pump_PEEK_c4ca5fdaa4.jpg" alt="Watrex: Streamline™ P1q HPLC Pump, PEEK" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Watrex_Streamline_P1q_HPLC_Pump_PEEK_c4ca5fdaa4.jpg 208w," sizes="100vw" width="800" height="600"></figure><h3>PUMP FEATURES</h3><ul><li>Each pump has a single stepper motor driven, dual head positive displacement pump (pump heads 180° out of phase)</li><li>PEEK pump heads and fluid path</li><li>Incorporates a diaphragm-type pulse damper, which reduces pulsation in the system by as much as 90% and includes an isolated pressure transducer (i.e., the transducer adds no dead volume).</li><li>Ruby/Sapphire Check Valves (1/16” ball)</li><li>Front panel flow adjustment in 0.001 mL/min increments</li><li>Upper and Lower Pressure Limits: Automatically turns the pump OFF if the system pressure exceeds the maximum pressure limit, or drops below minimum pressure limit</li><li>Microprocessor advanced control with advanced pre-compression algorithm and user calibration feature</li><li>Back panel USB communications port for complete control and status monitoring; Clarity Driver available</li><li>Automatic piston wash (self-flush)</li></ul><h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Flow Rates: 0.001 ml/min – 10 ml/min with step 0.001 ml/min</li><li>Pressure: 35 MPa/5000 psi</li><li>Pulsation: ± 1% @ from 7 MPa to 42 MPa</li><li>Pressure Accuracy: ± 2% of full-scale, with IPA</li><li>Flow Accuracy:&nbsp;better than ± 1% @ 10mL/min</li><li>Flow Precision: better then 0.1% RSD or 0.2 min SD, whichever is greater, across the full flow range, 20 MPa, with degassed methanol</li><li>Gradient Accuracy:&nbsp;1 % (between 10% and 90% mixing ratios)</li><li>Remote control: USB</li><li>I/O connector:&nbsp;Start, Stop, Status, Error</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/pumps/gradient-pumps/streamline-p1q-pump-peek/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex Streamline™ P1q HPLC Pump, Stainless Steel

Streamline P1g is a stainless steel quaternary gradient pump that offers low pressure mixing of up to four mobile phase components with better than 1% accuracy.

Streamline P1g is a stainless steel quaternary gradient pump that offers low pressure mixing of up to four mobile phase components with better than 1% accuracy.<blockquote>Price 10 572 € ex VAT</blockquote>An integrated four-channel degasser ensures trouble-free mixing and pumping of the mobile phase. In the analytical version of the pump, the flow rate range from 0.001 ml/min to 10 ml/min is adjustable to 0.001 ml/min with a maximum working pressure of 42 MPa (6,000 psi). Flow rate adjustment accuracy is ±1% and flow rate variation is better than ±0.1%. A unique feature is an active piston and seal rinse that prevents crystallization of buffers.A touch screen display on the front panel allows intuitive control of the pump. The display shows flow rate and pumped composition. Pump control and gradient programming is provided by a software module in <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/999">Clarity software</a> (DataApex). The PRIME function is also directly available for flushing at increased flow rates.<figure class="image"><img style="aspect-ratio:800/600;" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Streamline_P1q_HPLC_Pump_PEEK_c4ca5fdaa4.jpg" alt="Watrex: Streamline™ P1q HPLC Pump, Stainless Steel" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Watrex_Streamline_P1q_HPLC_Pump_PEEK_c4ca5fdaa4.jpg 208w," sizes="100vw" width="800" height="600"></figure><h3>PUMP FEATURES</h3><ul><li>Each pump has a single stepper motor driven, dual head positive displacement pump (pump heads 180° out of phase)</li><li>316 Stainless Steel pump heads and fluid path</li><li>Incorporates a diaphragm-type pulse damper, which reduces pulsation in the system by as much as 90% and includes an isolated pressure transducer (i.e., the transducer adds no dead volume).</li><li>Ruby/Sapphire Check Valves (1/16” ball)</li><li>Front panel flow adjustment in 0.001 mL/min increments</li><li>Upper and Lower Pressure Limits: Automatically turns the pump OFF if the system pressure exceeds the maximum pressure limit, or drops below minimum pressure limit</li><li>Microprocessor advanced control with advanced pre-compression algorithm and user calibration feature</li><li>Back panel USB communications port for complete control and status monitoring; Clarity Driver available</li><li>Automatic piston wash (self-flush)</li></ul><h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Flow Rates: 0.001 ml/min – 10 ml/min with step 0.001 ml/min</li><li>Pressure: 42 MPa/6000 psi</li><li>Pulsation: ± 1% @ from 7 MPa to 42 MPa</li><li>Pressure Accuracy: ± 2% of full-scale, with IPA</li><li>Flow Accuracy:&nbsp;better than ± 1% @ 10mL/min</li><li>Flow Precision: better then 0.1% RSD or 0.2 min SD, whichever is greater, across the full flow range, 20 MPa, with degassed methanol</li><li>Gradient Accuracy:&nbsp;1 % (between 10% and 90% mixing ratios)</li><li>Remote control: USB</li><li>I/O connector:&nbsp;Start, Stop, Status, Error</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/pumps/gradient-pumps/streamline-p1q-pump-stainless-steel/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex P102 HPLC pump, PEEK, biocompatible

Watrex P102 high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) pump is designed to be a reliable component within a basic analytical or sophisticated research instruments.

Watrex P102 high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) pump is designed to be a reliable component within a basic analytical or sophisticated research instruments.<blockquote>Price: 4 290<bdi>&nbsp;€ ex VAT</bdi></blockquote>While ideal for HPLC applications, the Model P102 pump is also useful as a metering pump for general laboratory or industrial use. The pump features dual self flushing pump heads with overlapping cams for reduced pulsation.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_P102_HPLC_pump_PEEK_5321aceaa0.jpg" alt="Watrex: P102 HPLC pump, PEEK" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Watrex_P102_HPLC_pump_PEEK_5321aceaa0.jpg 208w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="768"><h3>KEY FEATURES</h3>Double Piston Design: The double piston design ensures exceptional accuracy and precision in the delivery of solvents, making it ideal for applications that demand the utmost reliability.Wide range of operating conditions: With a wide range of flow rates, from the minutest quantities to larger volumes, our HPLC pump adapts to your diverse experimental needs without compromising precision. Handle high-pressure applications with confidence. Our pump delivers a maximum pressure of&nbsp;35 MPa, ensuring efficiency and reliability in even the most challenging chromatographic separations.Stainless Steel or PEEK Versions: Choose the material that suits your needs. Opt for the durability of stainless steel or the biocompatible advantages of PEEK. Both versions maintain high chemical resistance, making them suitable for a diverse range of chromatographic solvents.Efficient Pulse Dampener: Our integrated pulse dampener minimizes pressure fluctuations, ensuring a smooth and controlled flow. Experience enhanced separation quality and purity, thanks to the efficient dampening of pulsations.Versatile Applications: Whether you’re conducting routine analytical experiments or pushing the boundaries of chromatographic research, our pump caters to a wide array of applications, ensuring versatility in your lab.Demanding Dosing Applications: Excel in applications that demand precise and stable dosing. Achieve a stable jet stream for your research experiments, ensuring accuracy and reliability in every sampling.High-Quality Construction: Crafted with durability in mind, our pump is built to withstand the rigors of daily laboratory use. The robust construction ensures longevity and reliability.Chemical Compatibility: The pump is designed to handle a variety of solvents with ease, providing excellent chemical compatibility. This feature is crucial for researchers working with diverse samples and experimental conditions.Intuitive Controls: The user-friendly interface simplifies pump operation, allowing for easy programming and monitoring. Spend less time on instrument setup and more time focusing on your research.Applications: Whether you’re in pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, environmental analysis, or academic research, our HPLC pump is the go-to solution for achieving unparalleled precision in liquid chromatography.Conclusion: Elevate your chromatography experiments with our HPLC pump—where precision meets reliability. Experience the future of liquid chromatography and unlock new possibilities in your laboratory. Contact us today to discover how our HPLC pump can transform your research endeavors.<h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Flow Rates: 0,01 ml/min – 9,99 ml/min with step 0.01 ml/min (analytical)</li><li>Pressure: 35 Mpa/5000 psi (analytical, PEEK)</li><li>Flow precision: ± 0,2% RSD @ 1mL/min. and 7 MPa psi&nbsp;</li><li>Flow accuracy: ± 1% @ 1mL/min. and 7 MPa psi (analytical)</li><li>Pressure accuracy: ± 2% of full-scale, with 80:20 H2O/IPA @ 7 MPa</li><li>Pulsation: better than ± 0.5% @ 1mL/min. and 7 MPa&nbsp;</li><li>Remote control: USB</li><li>Remote control: Start, Stop, Status, Error</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/pumps/isocratic-pumps/p102-hplc-pump-dual-head-peek-biocompatible/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex P280 HPLC Pump Prep, stainless steel

Explore the future of preparative chromatography with PrecisionPrep™ P280, a state-of-the-art pump that redefines efficiency and precision.

Explore the future of preparative chromatography with PrecisionPrep™ P280, a state-of-the-art pump that redefines efficiency and precision.<blockquote>Price: 4 985<bdi>&nbsp;€ ex VAT</bdi></blockquote>Featuring a unique parallel double-piston arrangement, this preparative chromatography pump is designed to meet the demands of high-flow applications while ensuring a stable and precise flow profile.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_P280_HPLC_Pump_Prep_stainless_steel_b864d583c2.jpg" alt="Watrex P280 HPLC Pump Prep, stainless steel.jpg" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Watrex_P280_HPLC_Pump_Prep_stainless_steel_b864d583c2.jpg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="681"><h3>PUMP FEATURES</h3><h5>Parallel Double-Piston Arrangement:</h5><ul><li>The innovative dual-piston design allows for parallel operation, optimizing flow distribution and enhancing efficiency.</li><li>Experience enhanced performance and productivity in preparative chromatography with this cutting-edge arrangement.</li><li>Achieve unmatched versatility with flow rates reaching up to 80 ml/min.</li><li>Tailor the pump’s performance to accommodate a wide range of preparative chromatography applications.</li></ul><h5>Stable and Precise Flow Profile:</h5><ul><li>Enjoy a stable and precise flow profile, critical for reproducibility in preparative separations.</li><li>The P280 ensures consistent and reliable results in every run, minimizing experimental variability.</li></ul><h5>User-Friendly Interface:</h5><ul><li>The user-friendly interface simplifies operation, allowing for seamless control and monitoring of preparative chromatography processes.</li><li>Easily program and adjust parameters to suit the specific requirements of your purification protocols.</li></ul><h5>Applications:</h5><ul><li>Purification of Pharmaceuticals</li><li>Isolation of Natural Products</li><li>Large-scale Biomolecule Purification</li><li>Industrial Separations/li&gt;</li></ul><h5>Reliability Beyond Measure:</h5><ul><li>PrecisionPrep™ P280 is engineered for durability and reliability in demanding preparative chromatography applications.</li><li>Trust in its robust construction and precise engineering to deliver consistent results run after run.</li></ul><h4>Conclusion</h4>Elevate your preparative chromatography to new heights with PrecisionPrep™ P280. With a parallel double-piston arrangement, high flow rates, and an efficient pulse dampener, this pump is designed to meet the challenges of large-scale separations while ensuring a stable and precise flow profile. Choose PrecisionPrep™ for unparalleled efficiency and reliability in preparative chromatography.<h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Flow Rates: 0,1 ml/min – 80 ml/min with step 0.1 ml/min</li><li>Pressure: 5 MPa/725 psi</li><li>Flow precision: ± 0,2% RSD @ 10mL/min</li><li>Flow accuracy: ± 1% @ 10mL/min</li><li>Pressure accuracy: ± 2% of full-scale, with 80:20 H2O/IPA</li><li>Pulsation: better than ± 1% @ 10mL/min</li><li>Remote control: USB</li><li>I/O connector: Start, Stop, Status, Error</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/pumps/preparative-pumps/p280-pump-prep-stainless-steel/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex P280 HPLC Pump Prep, PEEK, biocompatible

Explore the future of preparative chromatography with PrecisionPrep™ P280, a state-of-the-art pump that redefines efficiency and precision.<blockquote>Price: 4 985<bdi>&nbsp;€ ex VAT</bdi></blockquote>Featuring a unique parallel double-piston arrangement, this preparative chromatography pump is designed to meet the demands of high-flow applications while ensuring a stable and precise flow profile.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_P102_HPLC_pump_PEEK_5321aceaa0.jpg" alt="Watrex P280 HPLC Pump Prep, PEEK, biocompatible" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Watrex_P102_HPLC_pump_PEEK_5321aceaa0.jpg 208w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="768"><h3>PUMP FEATURES</h3><h5>Parallel Double-Piston Arrangement:</h5><ul><li>The innovative dual-piston design allows for parallel operation, optimizing flow distribution and enhancing efficiency.</li><li>Experience enhanced performance and productivity in preparative chromatography with this cutting-edge arrangement.</li><li>Achieve unmatched versatility with flow rates reaching up to 80 ml/min.</li><li>Tailor the pump’s performance to accommodate a wide range of preparative chromatography applications.</li></ul><h5>Stable and Precise Flow Profile:</h5><ul><li>Enjoy a stable and precise flow profile, critical for reproducibility in preparative separations.</li><li>The P280 ensures consistent and reliable results in every run, minimizing experimental variability.</li></ul><h5>User-Friendly Interface:</h5><ul><li>The user-friendly interface simplifies operation, allowing for seamless control and monitoring of preparative chromatography processes.</li><li>Easily program and adjust parameters to suit the specific requirements of your purification protocols.</li></ul><h5>Applications:</h5><ul><li>Purification of Pharmaceuticals</li><li>Isolation of Natural Products</li><li>Large-scale Biomolecule Purification</li><li>Industrial Separations/li&gt;</li></ul><h5>Reliability Beyond Measure:</h5><ul><li>PrecisionPrep™ P280 is engineered for durability and reliability in demanding preparative chromatography applications.</li><li>Trust in its robust construction and precise engineering to deliver consistent results run after run.</li></ul><h4>Conclusion</h4>Elevate your preparative chromatography to new heights with PrecisionPrep™ P280. With a parallel double-piston arrangement, high flow rates, and an efficient pulse dampener, this pump is designed to meet the challenges of large-scale separations while ensuring a stable and precise flow profile. Choose PrecisionPrep™ for unparalleled efficiency and reliability in preparative chromatography.<h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Flow Rates: 0,1 ml/min – 80 ml/min with step 0.1 ml/min</li><li>Pressure: 5 MPa/725 psi</li><li>Flow precision: ± 0,2% RSD @ 10mL/min</li><li>Flow accuracy: ± 1% @ 10mL/min</li><li>Pressure accuracy: ± 2% of full-scale, with 80:20 H2O/IPA</li><li>Pulsation: better than ± 1% @ 10mL/min</li><li>Remote control: USB</li><li>I/O connector: Start, Stop, Status, Error</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/pumps/preparative-pumps/p280-pump-prep-peek-biocompatible/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex P224 HPLC Pump, dual head, PEEK, biocompatible

WATREX P224 semiprep chromatography pump is a versatile and reliable tool commonly employed in laboratory settings, particularly in applications requiring precise dosing.

WATREX P224 semiprep chromatography pump is a versatile and reliable tool commonly employed in laboratory settings, particularly in applications requiring precise dosing.<blockquote>Price: 4 985<bdi>&nbsp;€ ex VAT</bdi></blockquote>This pump is designed for semipreparative chromatography, which involves the separation and purification of compounds at a larger scale than analytical chromatography but smaller than preparative chromatography. The stainless steel version of the pump offers durability and chemical resistance, making it suitable for use with a wide range of solvents and samples.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_P102_HPLC_pump_PEEK_5321aceaa0.jpg" alt="Watrex: P224 HPLC Pump, dual head, PEEK, biocompatible" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Watrex_P102_HPLC_pump_PEEK_5321aceaa0.jpg 208w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="768"><h3>PUMP FEATURES</h3><ul><li>Flow Rate Control: P224 allows for precise control of flow rates, crucial for achieving accurate and reproducible results in chromatographic separations.</li><li>Pressure Control: P224 has a built-in pressure control system to maintain consistent pressure throughout the chromatographic process, ensuring optimal column performance.</li><li>Gradient Capability: Two or up to four P224 pumps offer gradient capabilities, allowing for the creation of complex elution profiles controlled from PC to enhance separation efficiency.</li><li>User-Friendly Interface: An intuitive and user-friendly interface facilitates easy operating and monitoring of the pump parameters, contributing to efficient workflow in the laboratory.</li><li>Compatibility: P224 is compatible with a variety of chromatography instruments and stationary phases commonly used in semipreparative applications.</li><li>Reliability and Durability: A robust construction and high-quality materials ensure the pump’s durability and reliability, minimizing downtime and maintenance requirements.</li><li>Precision in Dosing: P224 design prioritizes accuracy in dosing, making it suitable for applications where precise control over sample injection and elution volumes is essential.</li><li>Safety Features: Incorporation of safety features such as pressure sensors, and overpressure protection ensures the well-being of both the operator and the equipment.</li><li>Maintenance and Calibration: P224 pumps are easy to maintain and calibrate, with clear documentation provided by us for routine upkeep and troubleshooting.</li><li>Versatility: P224 supports a wide range of solvents and mobile phases commonly used in chromatography, offering flexibility for various applications.</li><li>Data Logging and Connectivity: The capability to log service data enhances operation traceability and documentation.</li></ul><h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Flow Rates: 0,1 ml/min – 25,00 ml/min with step 0.1 ml/min (semiprep)</li><li>Pressure: 30 MPa/4300 psi</li><li>Flow precision: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;± 0,2% RSD @ 1mL/min. and 7 Mpa</li><li>Flow accuracy: ± 1% @ 1mL/min. and 7 Mpa</li><li>Pressure accuracy: ± 2% of full-scale, with 80:20 H2O/IPA @ 7 Mpa</li><li>Pulsation: better than ± 0.5% @ 1mL/min. and 7 MPa</li><li>Remote control: USB</li><li>I/O connector: Start, Stop, Status, Error</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/pumps/preparative-pumps/p224-pump-dual-head-peek-biocompatible/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex P224 HPLC Pump, dual head, Stainless Steel

WATREX P224 semiprep chromatography pump is a versatile and reliable tool commonly employed in laboratory settings, particularly in applications requiring precise dosing.<blockquote>Price: 4 985<bdi>&nbsp;€ ex VAT</bdi></blockquote>This pump is designed for semipreparative chromatography, which involves the separation and purification of compounds at a larger scale than analytical chromatography but smaller than preparative chromatography. The stainless steel version of the pump offers durability and chemical resistance, making it suitable for use with a wide range of solvents and samples.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_P280_HPLC_Pump_Prep_stainless_steel_b864d583c2.jpg" alt="Watrex: P224 HPLC Pump, dual head, Stainless Steel" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Watrex_P280_HPLC_Pump_Prep_stainless_steel_b864d583c2.jpg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="681"><h3>PUMP FEATURES</h3><ul><li>Flow Rate Control: P224 allows for precise control of flow rates, crucial for achieving accurate and reproducible results in chromatographic separations.</li><li>Pressure Control: P224 has a built-in pressure control system to maintain consistent pressure throughout the chromatographic process, ensuring optimal column performance.</li><li>Gradient Capability: Two or up to four P224 pumps offer gradient capabilities, allowing for the creation of complex elution profiles controlled from PC to enhance separation efficiency.</li><li>User-Friendly Interface: An intuitive and user-friendly interface facilitates easy operating and monitoring of the pump parameters, contributing to efficient workflow in the laboratory.</li><li>Compatibility: P224 is compatible with a variety of chromatography instruments and stationary phases commonly used in semipreparative applications.</li><li>Reliability and Durability: A robust construction and high-quality materials ensure the pump’s durability and reliability, minimizing downtime and maintenance requirements.</li><li>Precision in Dosing: P224 design prioritizes accuracy in dosing, making it suitable for applications where precise control over sample injection and elution volumes is essential.</li><li>Safety Features: Incorporation of safety features such as pressure sensors, and overpressure protection ensures the well-being of both the operator and the equipment.</li><li>Maintenance and Calibration: P224 pumps are easy to maintain and calibrate, with clear documentation provided by us for routine upkeep and troubleshooting.</li><li>Versatility: P224 supports a wide range of solvents and mobile phases commonly used in chromatography, offering flexibility for various applications.</li><li>Data Logging and Connectivity: The capability to log service data enhances operation traceability and documentation.</li></ul><h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Flow Rates: 0,1 ml/min – 25,00 ml/min with step 0.1 ml/min (semiprep)</li><li>Pressure: 30 MPa/4300 psi</li><li>Flow precision: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;± 0,2% RSD @ 1mL/min. and 7 Mpa</li><li>Flow accuracy: ± 1% @ 1mL/min. and 7 Mpa</li><li>Pressure accuracy: ± 2% of full-scale, with 80:20 H2O/IPA @ 7 Mpa</li><li>Pulsation: better than ± 0.5% @ 1mL/min. and 7 MPa</li><li>Remote control: USB</li><li>I/O connector: Start, Stop, Status, Error</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/pumps/preparative-pumps/p224-pump-dual-head-stainless-steel/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex Streamline™ Manual Injection Valve Kit

Steinless steel manual injector with integrated inlet port for Hamilton needle (0.7 mm OD), with “No-Flow-Interruption (NFI)” technology to prevent pressure pulse during valve rotation. 

Steinless steel manual injector with integrated inlet port for Hamilton needle (0.7 mm OD), with “No-Flow-Interruption (NFI)” technology to prevent pressure pulse during valve rotation.&nbsp;<blockquote>Price: 992<bdi>&nbsp;€ ex VAT</bdi></blockquote>It comes with the bracket, 20 ul loop (other volumes on request) and Hamilton type syringe.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Streamline_Manual_Injection_Valve_Kit_965e688a66.jpg" alt="Watrex: Streamline™ Manual Injection Valve Kit" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Watrex_Streamline_Manual_Injection_Valve_Kit_965e688a66.jpg 208w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="768">You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/sampling-devices/manual-injectors/streamline-manual-injection-valve-kit/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex Deltasil 100 C18 Preparative HPLC columns

Need a high quality column at an affordable price? Deltasil™ columns are filled with standard reversed phase for a wide range of applications.

<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/?s=watrex+deltasil+100+C18&amp;post_type=product&amp;dgwt_wcas=1?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex DeltaSil™ 100 C18</a> column is a standard reversed phase for wide field of applications in analysis of drugs, organic compounds, peptides and others.Stationary phase is based on synthetic 5 μm silica-gel with 100 Å pores and 15% carbon content. The column has a good peak symmetry and efficiency.Theoretical plate count value for non-polar compounds, such as naphthalene, reaches up to 90.000 theoretical plates per meter.A wide range of column sizes is available, with additional dimensions available on request.We are committed to the sustainability of our columns and therefore also offer backfill.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Watrex_Deltasil_HPLC_column_Mobile_phase_85_ACN_Flowrate_0_65_mlmin_Pressure_54_bar_Detection_254_nm_Injection_2_ml_de7068538f.jpg" alt="Watrex: Watrex Deltasil HPLC column (Mobile phase 85% ACN; Flowrate 0.65 mlmin; Pressure 54 bar; Detection 254 nm; Injection 2 μl)"><h3>Ordering information:</h3><h5>PN/Component:</h5><ul><li>WI02241 Watrex Deltasil™ 100 C18, 10 μm, 250x20 mm column</li><li>WI02242 Watrex Deltasil™ 100 C18, 10 μm, 300x20 mm column</li><li>WI02243 Watrex Deltasil™ 100 C18, 5 μm, 250x20 mm column &nbsp;(Price 1 294 € ex VAT)</li><li>WI02244 Watrex Deltasil™ 100 C18, 5 μm, 300x20 mm column</li><li>WI02245 Watrex Deltasil™ 100 C18, 5 μm, 250x30 mm column</li><li>WI02246 Watrex Deltasil™ 100 C18, 10 μm, 250x30 mm column</li><li>WI02247 Watrex Deltasil™ 300 C18, 5 μm, 250x20 mm column</li><li>WI02248 Watrex Deltasil™ 300 C18, 10 μm, 250x20 mm column</li><li>WI02249 Watrex Deltasil™ 300 C18, 10 μm, 250x30 mm column</li><li>WI02153 Guard column insert 10x4.0 mm, Deltasil C18, 5 um, 10 pcs</li></ul>

Watrex BioWorks WorkBeads resins and GoBio Mini columns

Watrex Praha is the official distributor of Bio-Works, a leading global manufacturer of chromatographic resins designed for the purification of biopharmaceuticals.

<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex Praha</a> is the official distributor of Bio-Works, a leading global manufacturer of chromatographic resins designed for the purification of biopharmaceuticals. This partnership brings high-quality products to the Czech market, widely used in biotechnology and the pharmaceutical industry.The main product of Bio-Works is <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeads </a>resins, manufactured using a patented agarosebased method. These resins are characterized by excellent mechanical stability, uniform bead size distribution, and high separation efficiency. They are available both as loose resins and in prepacked columns, making them easy to use in various applications.For efficient small-scale purification and process development screening, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">GoBio Mini</a> columns are the ideal solution. These prepacked columns are available in 1 ml and 5 ml sizes, facilitating quick and effective biomolecule separations.Bio-Works products are used in bioprocess solutions focused on the purification and analysis of biomolecules, including monoclonal antibodies, proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, viruses, and vaccines. These technologies offer top-tier quality and precision, ensuring optimal capacity and product purity.<h3>Types of sorbents:</h3><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/affinity-chromatography/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Affinity chromatography resins</a></h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/affinity-chromatography/affinity-sorbents/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeads™ affimAb</a> is an optimized alkali-stable protein A resin designed for purification of monoclonal- and polyclonal antibodies in laboratory to process scale. This resin has a superior base matrix combined with a patented, alkali-stable protein A ligand, which results in high dynamic binding capacity at short residence times. This resin binds over 40 mg IgG/mL resin also at as short residence time as 2.5 min. Available also in prepacked 1 mL and 5 mL <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/affinity-chromatography/affinity-columns/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">GoBio™ Mini </a>columns.<h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/ion-exchange-chromatography/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Ion exchange chromatography (IEX) resins</a></h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/ion-exchange-chromatography/iex-sorbents/">WorkBeads™ resins for ion exchange chromatography</a> are designed for research and industrial scale purification of proteins, peptides and oligonucleotides by utilizing the difference in their surface charge. These resins demonstrate high-resolution separation while giving low backpressure to facilitate both capture and polishing purification applications in standard bioprocess columns.<ul><li>WorkBeads 100S is a strong cation exchanger and will bind positively charged substances.</li><li>WorkBeads 100Q is a strong anion exchanger and will bind negatively charged substances.</li><li>WorkBeads 40S is a strong cation exchanger with sulfonate ligands and will bind positively charged substances.&nbsp;</li><li>WorkBeads 40Q is a strong anion exchanger with quaternary amine and will bind negatively charged substances.&nbsp;</li><li>WorkBeads 40 DEAE is a weak anion exchanger with tertiary amine ligands (diethylaminoethyl) and is an alternative to WorkBeads 40Q when looking for alternative selectivities.</li></ul>Also available in pre-filled <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/ion-exchange-chromatography/iex-columns/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">GoBio™ Mini.</a><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/gel-filtration-sec/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resins</a></h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/gel-filtration-sec/sec-sorbents/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeads™ 40/100 SEC, WorkBeads 40/1000 SEC, WorkBeads 40/10 000 SEC, and</a> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/gel-filtration-sec/sec-sorbents/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeads Macro SEC resins</a> are used for preparative size exclusion chromatography (SEC) in laboratory and process scale purification of proteins, viruses, and other biomolecules by utilizing the differences in their size. These resins are based on agarose, which is a biopolymer suitable for separation of biomolecules. WorkBeads resins are cross-linked using a proprietary method that results in a very rigid structure. Although the general recommendation for SEC is to use a low flow rate for best purification, the rigidity and tight particle size distribution allow for the purification of viruses and other large substances at a high flow rate for fast processing and high yields.Produced using a proprietary cross-linking method that results in highly porous and physically stable matrices.We have recently added two new Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) products that expand the range for more choice and flexibility in separating large particles. WorkBeads 200 SEC, with 180 μm beads, is suitable for viscous samples like serum and whole blood. WorkBeads Macro SEC resins extend the range of several resins with a bead size of 45 μm but different porosities, making it easy to change between them when different fractionation ranges are desired.<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/gel-filtration-sec/sec-sorbents/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeads Dsalt resin</a> is designed to enable quick and easy separations of high- and lowmolecular-weight substances. This resin is pre-swollen and enables efficient desalting and buffer exchange of proteins, large peptides, and nucleic acids.Also available in pre-filled <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/gel-filtration-sec/sec-columns/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">GoBio™ Mini</a>.<h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/hic-chromatography/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) resins</a></h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/hic-chromatography/hic-sorbents/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeads™ 40 Butyl SH</a> is a resin for hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) designed for research and industrial scale purification of proteins, peptides, plasmids, and oligonucleotides by utilizing the difference in their surface hydrophobicity. It’s often used to complement other techniques that separate according to either charge or size.The functional ligand of WorkBeads 40 Butyl SH is n-butyl thioether. Since butyl is a very hydrophobic linear chain, minimal mixed-mode interactions are expected. The resin is optimized to offer reliable binding performance. The property of high-resolution separation, in combination with low backpressure, allows both capture and polishing purification applications in standard bioprocess columns. The resin is also available in several different ready-to-use prepacked column sizes, such as <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/hic-chromatography/hic-columns/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">GoBio™ Mini</a> 1 mL and 5 mL, GoBio Screen 7 x 100 (3.8 mL), GoBio Prep 16 x 100 (20 mL) and 26 x 100 (53 mL) as well as GoBio Prod columns starting at 1 L. 5.&nbsp;<h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/imac-chromatography/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) resins&nbsp;</a></h4>There are three different chelating ligands that <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/imac-chromatography/imac-sorbents/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeads IMAC resins</a> are based on. First are WorkBeads IDA (iminodiacetic acid) and WorkBeads NTA (nitrilotriacetic acid), which can be charged or are pre-charged with four different metals (Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+). Different combinations of ligands and metals give unique selectivities. Pre-charged IDA and NTA-based IMAC resins can be stripped, cleaned, and recharged with fresh metal ions.&nbsp;The third resin is WorkBeads NiMAC, a nickel pre-charged resin with very low nickel leakage and tolerant against chelating agents (EDTA) and reducing substances (DTT). This resin is optimal for the purification of, e.g. eukarytic cell feeds, which often containing these substances.For optimization, an initial screening is recommended with the different WorkBeads IMAC resins to identify the optimal combination of ligand and metal ion.Also available in pre-filled <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/imac-chromatography/imac-columns/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">GoBio™ Mini.</a><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/activated-resins/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Activated resins</a></h4>Pre-activated resin enables successful, convenient immobilization of ligands without the need for complex syntheses or special equipment. We have developed two different pre-activated resins where the bromohydrin active group reacts with thiol, amino and hydroxyl groups of the substance to be coupled. Two different resin porosities are available to facilitate optimized coupling of ligands of different sizes, or to optimize the prepared affinity resin for target molecules of different sizes.Resin for coupling your own ligands:<ul><li>Made from agarose, well established and well-known in the Biotechnology industry</li><li>Simple coupling procedures at ambient temperature</li><li>Stable at ambient temperature in aqueous solution and at neutral pH</li><li>Suitable for coupling of ligands containing sulphydryl, amino- or hydroxy group</li></ul>Available as <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/activated-resins/activated-sorbents/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">WorkBeadsTM sorbents</a> or in pre-filled <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/kategorie-produktu/bioprocessing-products/activated-resins/activated-columns/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">GoBio™ Mini</a>.For more information or a non-binding quote regarding BioWorks products, please contact us at watrex@watrex.com or visit our website <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">www.watrex.com</a>

Products from Watrex Prague - page 1

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