Pipetting Made Easy - Part 3: Pipette Selection

Sample preparation is one of the most important stages of the analytical process in an LC-MS/MS laboratory. The quality of this step has a significant impact on result reproducibility, laboratory throughput, and the overall efficiency of the analytical method. In our laboratory, we therefore use the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1914">Organomation 80 Position MULTIVAP® nitrogen evaporator</a> for sample preparation in the determination of steroid hormones and in our newly developed method for the determination of vitamins B3 (nicotinamide), B5 (pantothenic acid), and B7 (biotin). The system has proven to be a reliable solution for the rapid and reproducible evaporation of organic solvents.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/SPADIA_LAB_Organomation_80_Position_MULTIVAP_2975e64fc4.jpg" alt="SPADIA LAB: Organomation 80 Position MULTIVAP® nitrogen evaporator" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_SPADIA_LAB_Organomation_80_Position_MULTIVAP_2975e64fc4.jpg 117w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="2133">In our workflow, the instrument is primarily used to evaporate methanol and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) following sample extraction. Rapid removal of these solvents is an important step before subsequent sample reconstitution and LC-MS/MS analysis. Uniform nitrogen flow combined with controlled heating enables efficient solvent evaporation while maintaining high reproducibility throughout sample preparation.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/SPADIA_LAB_Stanoveni_volnych_plazmatickych_metanefrinu_pomoci_kapalinove_chromatografie_s_tandemovou_hmotnostni_detekci_4adb0c95ca.jpg" alt="SPADIA LAB: Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry Ostrava, Department of Chromatography and Spectrometry" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_SPADIA_LAB_Stanoveni_volnych_plazmatickych_metanefrinu_pomoci_kapalinove_chromatografie_s_tandemovou_hmotnostni_detekci_4adb0c95ca.jpg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="800" height="533">The instrument combines nitrogen blow-down evaporation with controlled heating using an aluminum dry block. This combination enables gentle analyte concentration while reducing evaporation time. A major advantage is the ability to process up to 80 samples simultaneously, significantly increasing laboratory capacity when analyzing larger sample batches.The MULTIVAP is equipped with digital temperature control over a range of 30–120 °C, maintaining the set temperature with an accuracy of approximately ±2 °C. Uniform nitrogen distribution through stainless-steel needles provides consistent evaporation conditions across all positions. Another practical feature is the ability to independently shut off the nitrogen supply to individual rows of ten samples, enabling more efficient gas consumption when working with smaller batches. The instrument also provides nitrogen flow control from 0–25 L/min and features a precision-machined aluminum block optimized for a specific tube diameter, ensuring efficient heat transfer and high process reproducibility.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/SPADIA_LAB_Organomation_80_Position_MULTIVAP_2_468fbd4d0d.jpg" alt="SPADIA LAB: Organomation 80 Position MULTIVAP® nitrogen evaporator" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_SPADIA_LAB_Organomation_80_Position_MULTIVAP_2_468fbd4d0d.jpg 117w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="2133">In everyday operation, we particularly appreciate the stable performance, straightforward operation, and ability to process a large number of samples in parallel without compromising sample preparation quality. The instrument has proven effective both for routine steroid hormone analyses and during the development of new LC-MS/MS methods for the determination of B vitamins. Its major benefits include not only shorter sample preparation times but also highly reproducible evaporation across the entire sample batch.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/SPADIA_Laborator_chromatografie_a_spektometire_Ostrava_2_fdaa4ab8e5/SPADIA-Laborator-chromatografie-a-spektometire-Ostrava-2.jpg" alt="SPADIA LAB: Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry Ostrava, Department of Chromatography and Spectrometry" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_SPADIA_Laborator_chromatografie_a_spektometire_Ostrava_2_fdaa4ab8e5/thumbnail_SPADIA-Laborator-chromatografie-a-spektometire-Ostrava-2.jpg 234w," sizes="100vw" width="800" height="533">Based on our experience, we consider the Organomation MULTIVAP a robust and reliable laboratory instrument that has become an integral part of our analytical workflow. Its combination of high sample capacity, efficient nitrogen utilization, and precise temperature control makes it a suitable solution for laboratories using modern LC-MS/MS methods.<h3>What Other Tests Are Performed by the Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry Ostrava, Department of Chromatography and Spectrometry?</h3><ul><li>Vitamins: B1, B2, B6, A, C, D2 (25-OH), D3 (25-OH), E, coenzyme Q10</li><li>Ions, trace elements, and toxic elements: magnesium in erythrocytes, zinc, copper, selenium, manganese, chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, titanium, aluminum, nickel, cadmium, lead, mercury</li><li>Fatty acid profile analysis: including determination of the Omega-6/Omega-3 ratio and three additional nutritional indicators</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/SPADIA_LAB_LC_MS_MS_system_pro_mereni_mastnych_kyselin_na_oddeleni_chromatografie_a_spektrometrie_SPADIA_LAB_8227b1ac3f.jpg" alt="SPADIA LAB: LC-MS-MS system for measuring fatty acids in the Chromatography and Spectrometry Department" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_SPADIA_LAB_LC_MS_MS_system_pro_mereni_mastnych_kyselin_na_oddeleni_chromatografie_a_spektrometrie_SPADIA_LAB_8227b1ac3f.jpg 208w," sizes="100vw" width="2284" height="1713"><ul><li>Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM): digoxin, theophylline, amiodarone, antibiotics, antiepileptics, benzodiazepines, antipsychotics, antidepressants</li><li>Toxicology: toxicological screening (amphetamines, benzodiazepines, cannabinoids, cocaine, tricyclic antidepressants, opiates, methadone, kratom), toxicological confirmation (LC-MS/MS, GC/MS)</li><li>Biogenic amines and their metabolites: catecholamines, metanephrines, serotonin, vanillylmandelic acid, homovanillic acid, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid</li><li>Steroid hormones: dihydrotestosterone, androstenedione, 17-OH-progesterone</li><li>Porphyria diagnostics: 5-aminolevulinic acid, porphobilinogen</li><li>Other specialized tests: fecal hemoglobin (FOB), serum amyloid A, complement activity (CH50), angiotensin-converting enzyme, bile acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate, urinary oxalates</li><li>Veterinary testing: CRP, SAA (serum amyloid A), SDMA (symmetric dimethylarginine)</li></ul>

Efficient Sample Evaporation Using the Organomation MULTIVAP® Nitrogen Evaporator

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezLCMS Library in the week of 3rd August 2026? Check out new documents from the field of liquid phase, especially HPLC and LC/MS techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT LCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you posters by Agilent Technologies / ASMS, Shimadzu / ASMS, Thermo Fisher Scientific / HPLC Symposium and Waters Corporation / ASMS and application note by Metrohm!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies / ASMS: Ultra-Trace Quantification of N-Nitroso-desmethyl-sumatriptan with Interference Resolution Using LC–TQ</h3><ul><li>Poster</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/1290_infinity_iii_uhplc_6495d_lc_tq_desmethyl_sumatriptan_asms_2026_mp_667_agilent_ebb0888227.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Sumatriptan succinate, an antimigraine drug contains nitrosylating functional groups and is susceptible to forming its own nitrosamine drug substance-related impurity (NDSRI), specifically N-nitroso-desmethylsumatriptan. As a Category 1 genotoxic impurity, its specification limit is established at 0.0428 ppm with respect to the API. In this study, samples and standards were prepared in methanol:water (1:1, v/v). The LC/TQ method was developed with a target limit of detection (LOD) at least 20-fold lower than the specification limit to ensure adequate sensitivity. Analytical data were collected in replicate for a 10 mg/mL API sample, as well as LOQ- and specification-level spiked samples, to evaluate recovery, relative standard deviation (RSD), linearity, and repeatability.<h4>Experimental</h4><ul><li>LC System: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=1290+Infinity+III+UHPLC">1290 Infinity III UHPLC</a></li><li>MS: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=6495D">6495D LC/TQ</a></li><li>Column: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=Poroshell+120+EC+C18">Poroshell 120 EC C18</a>, 3x150mmx2.7µm, 40 Deg C</li></ul><h4>Conclusions&nbsp;</h4><ul><li>A sensitive and robust method has been developed for N-nitroso-desmethyl Sumatriptan in Sumatriptan.&nbsp;</li><li>Method LOQ is 10% lower than specification level, RSD of &lt;5%, and linearity across 0.00214 to 0.1 ppm.&nbsp;</li><li>The recovery of NDSRI in Sumatriptan at LOQ level and specification level are 95%.</li></ul><h3>2. Metrohm: Moisture analysis of rebaudioside M by Karl Fischer titration</h3>Simplified rebaudioside M moisture determination via volumetric Karl Fischer titration paired with an oven system<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_k_075_download_59f185c238.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Natural sweeteners like stevia and its derivatives are an increasingly important part of the global sweetener market as more consumers substitute sugar with healthier alternatives. Stevia’s derivatives are significantly sweeter than table sugar. These compounds are estimated to be 50 to 300 times sweeter in comparison. This sweet taste coupled with the fact that the human body cannot metabolize steviol glycosides (i.e., they contribute zero calories to one’s diet), makes them a very attractive sugar replacement.&nbsp;The moisture content of stevia materials is a crucial factor when discussing their shelf life and stability. Measuring the moisture content of a stevia derivative, rebaudioside M, using an oven system coupled with volumetric Karl Fischer (KF) titration provided a repeatable approach for quantifying the moisture content of this material.<h4>Experimental</h4>The analysis was carried out with a Double Pt ring electrode for volumetry (6.00346.100). Testing was executed on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=874+Oven+Sample+Processor">874 Oven Sample Processor</a> (2.874.0120) coupled with an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=852+Titrando">852 Titrando</a> (2.852.0060). Approximately 0.2 g of sample was weighed into an 874 Oven Sample Processor 6 mL vial and placed onto the rack. The oven was set to a temperature of 100 °C, and the evaporated moisture was carried to the volumetric titration vessel by nitrogen gas flow at 70 mL/min. The moisture from the sample was titrated with Hydranal Comp 5 reagent.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Natural low-calorie sweeteners like stevia derivatives are growing in popularity as people choose healthier alternatives to sugar. Working to develop standardized, specific methodology can help support sweetener industry development, effective quality assessment, and the evaluation of rebaudioside M and other steviol glycosides’ stability.&nbsp;This Application Note provides a foundation for the analysis of stevia powder by Karl Fischer titration. An oven system paired with volumetric Karl Fischer analysis provides an accurate, repeatable method to evaluate stevia powder and its derivatives. This method’s compatibility with the 874 Oven Sample Processor allows increased sample throughput through automation, providing operators even more time to complete other important tasks in parallel.<h3>3. Shimadzu / ASMS: Quantitative analysis of 6 beta blockers on an LCMS-8045RX</h3><ul><li>Poster</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/WP_131_Quantitative_analysis_of_6_beta_blockers_on_an_LCMS_8045_RX_f596f609f4.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Beta-adrenergic blocking agents, commonly known as beta blockers, competitively inhibit the binding of catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine to β-adrenergic receptors, thereby reducing heart rate and blood pressure. These drugs are widely prescribed for the treatment of hypertension, angina and heart failure1 . However, beta blockers may also be misused by athletes resulting in their inclusion on the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) prohibited list2 . Owing to both their therapeutic importance and potential misuse, sensitive and selective analytical methods are required for reliable detection and quantification. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) offers high sensitivity and specificity for such analyses.<h4>Method</h4>Nadolol, metoprolol, propranolol, atenolol &amp; carvedilol were purchased from Sigma Aldrich and Thermo Fisher Scientific. Standards were prepared in 1 mg/mL in LCMS grade methanol. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=Nexera+40">Nexera 40-series HPLC system</a> connected to a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=LCMS-8045RX">LCMS-8045RX</a> was used for data acquisition. The mixture of standards was further diluted in LCMS grade methanol (Sigma Aldrich) and Sigmatrix urine diluent to create the standards for the calibration curves. A Shim-pack Velox Biphenyl column was used for the chromatographic separation. All analytes were ionized with electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive ion mode.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4><ul><li>Superior sensitivity in complex matrices: Limit of Detection (at accuracy ±20% and S/N &gt; 3) of 0.010 ng/mL for all the analytes evaluated in this study.</li><li>Excellent linearity and accuracy: Linear responses (with R2 &gt; 0.99) observed across the evaluated concentration range, and consistent accuracy within ±20% for all 17 calibrants included in this study.&nbsp;</li><li>Optimized throughput: Automated interface and MRM optimization via LabSolutions Connect MRM ensured maximum signal-to-noise determination for this study, while the high-organic flush at the end of each run, maintained column integrity</li></ul><h3>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific / HPLC Symposium: A switchable 2D-LC platform in PAT: routine UV monitoring or MS-based characterization of mAb PQAs directly from the bioreactor</h3><ul><li>Poster</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/po_004764_hplc_vanquish_2dlc_mabs_analysis_bioreactor_samples_po004764_na_en_7a99c1b683.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Monitoring quality attributes throughout the upstream processing of mAbs is critical due to potential effects of biological variability on product safety and efficacy. Thus, there is a growing need for streamlined analytical workflows that provide timely and reliable insights to enable fast and informed process decisions.<h4>Materials and methods</h4><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/743">Thermo Scientific Vanquish Flex Simple</a> Switch 2D-LC system for loop heart-cutting consisting of Quaternary Pump F (VF-P20-A), Binary Pump F (VF-P10-A-01), Dual Split Sampler FT (VF-A40-A-02), 2x Column Compartment H (VH-C10-A-03), and Diode Array Detector FG (VF-D11-A-01)&nbsp;</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1490">Thermo Scientific Orbitrap Exploris MX Mass Detector</a> (BRE725536) with BioPharma option (BRE725539)&nbsp;</li><li>Thermo Scientific MAbPac Protein A column, 12 µm, 4 x 35 mm (PN 082539)&nbsp;</li><li>Thermo Scientific ProPac 3R SCX, 2 x 50 mm, 3 µm (PN 43103-052068)&nbsp;</li><li>Thermo Scientific MAbPac SEC-1, 5 µm, 4 x 300 mm (PN 074696)</li></ul><h4>Data analysis&nbsp;</h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/76">Thermo Scientific Chromeleon 7.3.2 Chromatography Data System (CDS) </a>and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1837">Thermo Scientific BioPharma Finder 5.2 software</a><h4>Conclusions&nbsp;</h4><ul><li>Switchable 2D-LC-UV/MS offers a streamlined approach for at-line monitoring of mAb titer, charge and size variants directly from the bioreactor in &lt;1h.&nbsp;</li><li>UV monitoring provides quick and simple trendlines, while HRAM-MS allows deep characterization at intact level.&nbsp;</li><li>Near real-time information supports in-time process decisions to protect yield and product quality.</li></ul><h3>5. Waters Corporation / ASMS: SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR AUTOMATED LC/MS ANALYSIS OF CRITICAL QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF mRNA MOLECULES</h3><ul><li>Poster</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720009414_52de0bb71a.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><div><div><section><div><div><div><div><div><div>This poster presents an automated LC-MS workflow for evaluating three critical quality attributes (CQAs) of mRNA therapeutics: 5′-capping efficiency, Poly(A) tail length and heterogeneity, and mRNA sequence integrity. A custom firefly luciferase (Fluc) mRNA construct containing a Cap-1 structure, 1,919 nucleotides, and a Poly(A) tail was used as the model sample. Importantly, all three CQAs were assessed using a single LC-MS assay, supported by specialized waters_connect software tools designed to streamline nucleic acid characterization from sequence entry through final data processing.The analytical platform consisted of a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/191">Waters ACQUITY Premier Binary UPLC System</a> with TUV detector coupled to a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1148">Xevo MRT Q-Tof Mass Spectrometer</a>, which uses multi-reflectron time-of-flight technology. Separations were performed on an ACQUITY Premier OST 1.7 µm, 300 Å, 2.1 × 150 mm column, while data-independent acquisition was carried out in MSE mode. Data processing used the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1544">waters_connect</a> Informatics Platform together with SYNTHETIC Library 2.0, MAP Sequence 2.0, and INTACT Mass 1.9 applications. For sequence mapping, the mRNA was independently digested using four endonucleases—RNase T1, RapiZyme MC1, RapiZyme Cusativin, and human RNase4—providing complementary cleavage patterns.The workflow produced detailed information on both capping and Poly(A) tail characteristics. The Fluc mRNA showed 100% capping efficiency, with 62.7% carrying an m7GpppAm Cap-1 structure and 37.3% an m7GpppGm Cap-1 structure; no uncapped digestion product or Cap-related impurities were detected. Poly(A) tail analysis identified ten major species ranging from 98-mer to 107-mer, resulting in an average Poly(A) tail length of 102.3 nucleotides. The Xevo MRT Q-Tof provided high-resolution measurements—approximately 100,000 resolution in the examples shown—and very good mass accuracy for the detected Poly(A) species.For sequence integrity, combining the four complementary enzymatic digestions achieved 93.7% unambiguous mRNA sequence coverage, demonstrating the value of a multi-enzyme approach for comprehensive sequence confirmation. MAP Sequence 2.0 also automatically distinguished structural isomers using elevated-energy fragment-ion information, helping resolve isobaric and isomeric digestion products with less manual interpretation. Overall, the poster demonstrates that high-resolution MSE acquisition on the Xevo MRT Q-Tof combined with automated waters_connect informatics can provide an integrated and efficient approach for comprehensive characterization of key mRNA quality attributes.</div></div></div></div></div></div></section></div></div>

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 32, 2026

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Poster

Everything from the world of analytical chemistry in one place. We connect people in solving their problems. At Labrulez you will find all the necessary information easily, quickly and clearly. Stop searching and start finding.

LabRulez

SPADIA LAB is a network of state-of-the-art diagnostic laboratories and one of the largest providers of laboratory medicine in the Czech Republic. We carry out a wide range of routine, highly specialised and unique tests. We are the right choice for all doctors who wish to provide high-quality care, not only in primary healthcare but also in teaching hospitals.

SPADIA LAB

Based in Berlin, KNAUER is a medium-sized, owner-managed company that has been serving the sciences since 1962. We develop and manufacture scientific instruments of superior quality for liquid chromatography, including: Analytical HPLC/UHPLC, Preparative HPLC, Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), Multi-column chromatography/Simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography. High pressure dosing, in-line detection systems, and osmometry are additional business areas.

KNAUER

Determination of nitrosamine content (Bioanalytic)

Our offer includes comprehensive development and validation of methods for determination of nitrosamines in pharmaceutical products. We perform the work according to the criteria and needs of the client based on the EMA note.

Determination of nitrosamines is one of the pharmaceutical industry's top priorities. After the presence of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was first reported in an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) mandated the identification and control of all APIs and finished products in which there is a risk of nitrosamines.The content of nitrosamines in drug products can be controlled primarily by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. More than that, a reliable analysis result in our offer consists of a well-chosen sample preparation procedure, a selective and sensitive analytical method, and the experience of the analyst, who selects the best method parameters at the optimization stage.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Bioanalytic_Determination_of_nitrosamine_content_Bioanalytic_2_ce4f440837.jpg" alt="Bioanalytic: Determination of nitrosamine content." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Bioanalytic_Determination_of_nitrosamine_content_Bioanalytic_2_ce4f440837.jpg 234w," sizes="100vw" width="1536" height="1024">We have gained experience working with leading pharmaceutical companies. As part of our ongoing work, we have developed analytical methods for small-molecule nitrosamines of 70-150 g/mol. These compounds are mainly formed during manufacturing processes and depend on the presence and type of excipients (e.g. NDBA - N-nitroso-dibutylamine). We have also developed methods for determining molecules with higher nitrosamine drug substance related impurities (NDSRIs). In our work, we focus on achieving the highest possible sensitivity, selectivity and precision. To this end, we individually select the parameters of the methods depending on the composition of the drug and the expected nitrosamines. Due to the above criteria and the required detection limits, we perform nitrosamine impurity determinations using LC-MS/MS kits based on <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=52&amp;search=QTRAP+5500%2B">QTRAP 5500+</a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=52&amp;search=QTRAP+6500%2B">QTRAP 6500+</a> mass spectrometers (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=55">SCIEX</a>).<blockquote>Our offerOur offer includes comprehensive development and validation of methods for determination of nitrosamines in pharmaceutical products. We perform the work according to the criteria and needs of the client based on the EMA note.At the stage of sample preparation, we focus on:<ul><li>obtaining the highest possible recovery of nitrosamines (matrix purification);</li><li>limiting additional synthesis of impurities (selection of appropriate equipment and reagents);</li><li>ensuring the stability of the sample prepared for LC-MS/MS analysis.</li></ul>During the optimization of the LC-MS/MS method, we solve such problems as:<ul><li>selection of an appropriate internal standard;</li><li>separation of the impurity from the API;</li><li>obtaining the expected sensitivity of the analytical method.</li></ul>Quantitative analysis of nitrosamines requires sensitivity, precision and accuracy, which we provide to our customers.</blockquote><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Bioanalytic_Determination_of_nitrosamine_content_Bioanalytic_1_d629e00e62.jpg" alt="Bioanalytic: Determination of nitrosamine content." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Bioanalytic_Determination_of_nitrosamine_content_Bioanalytic_1_d629e00e62.jpg 103w," sizes="100vw" width="1130" height="1710">

Common GLP-1 Peptide Blind Test (Semaglutide, Tirzepatide and Retatrutide)

Blind HPLC analysis of semaglutide, tirzepatide and retatrutide. Identify the peptide, determine its amount and purity, and choose from a range of additional laboratory analyses.

The Common GLP-1 Peptide Blind Test is a comprehensive laboratory analysis designed to identify the three most common GLP-1 peptides—semaglutide, tirzepatide, and retatrutide. Using HPLC, the test identifies the peptide present in the sample, accurately measures its amount, and determines peptide purity. If multiple target peptides are present, all detected compounds are identified and quantified.Because this is a blind analysis, there is no need to specify which peptide is expected in the sample before submission.<h3>About the Target Peptides</h3>Semaglutide is a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Its prolonged activity improves glycemic control while promoting weight loss.Tirzepatide is a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist that combines two incretin pathways, providing enhanced metabolic effects compared to conventional GLP-1 therapies.Retatrutide is a next-generation triple agonist targeting GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors. It is currently under clinical investigation as a promising therapy for obesity and metabolic disorders.<h4>Key Features</h4><ul><li>Blind identification of semaglutide, tirzepatide, or retatrutide</li><li>Identification of mixtures containing multiple GLP-1 peptides</li><li>Quantification of peptide content</li><li>Peptide purity determination</li><li>HPLC analytical method</li><li>Results reported in mg per vial for lyophilized samples</li><li>Optional m/m purity reporting</li><li>Suitable for lyophilized peptides and raw API powders</li><li>Average turnaround time of 7 business days</li></ul><h4>Analysis Parameters</h4><ul><li>Target compounds: Semaglutide, Tirzepatide, Retatrutide</li><li>Testing method: HPLC</li><li>Detection limit: Less than one twentieth of a standard vial dosage</li><li>Result format (lyophilizate): mg per vial and peptide purity</li><li>Alternative format: m/m purity and peptide purity</li><li>Minimum sample (lyophilizate): One unopened vial</li><li>Minimum sample (raw API): 30 mg in sealed glass vial</li></ul><blockquote>Important Notice: If multiple GLP-1 peptides are present in the same sample, individual peptide purity may not be measurable.</blockquote><h4>Optional Additional Analyses</h4>The following optional laboratory services are available:<ul><li>GLP-1 aggregate analysis</li><li>Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) analysis</li><li>Complete raw analytical data</li><li>Fentanyl screening</li><li>Batch variance testing</li><li>pH measurement</li><li>Endotoxin (LPS) analysis</li><li>CHNS mass report</li><li>Additional laboratory report</li><li>LC/MS peptide contamination screening</li><li>Sterility testing (TAMC/TYMC)</li><li>Heavy metals analysis (As, Cd, Pb, Hg)</li></ul>

Blind common anabolic steroid and aromatase inhibitors screening – orals (pills, tablets, capsules)

Blind HPLC screening of common anabolic steroids and aromatase inhibitors in pills, tablets, and capsules. The analysis identifies and quantifies all detected target compounds, including mixtures.

The Blind Common Anabolic Steroid and Aromatase Inhibitor Screening is a comprehensive laboratory analysis designed to detect and quantify commonly encountered anabolic-androgenic steroids and aromatase inhibitors in oral products - pills, tablets, and capsules.Because this is a blind analysis, there is no need to specify which substance is expected in the sample before submission. Every target compound included in the screening is assessed, and all detected substances are identified and quantified, including samples containing mixtures of multiple compounds.<h4>About the Target Compounds</h4>Anabolic-androgenic steroids are synthetic derivatives of testosterone or related steroid hormones. They interact with androgen receptors and have both anabolic effects, associated with tissue and muscle growth, and androgenic effects. The screened compounds include substances such as oxandrolone, stanozolol, oxymetholone, methandrostenolone, fluoxymesterone, methasterone, mesterolone, methenolone acetate, and 4-chlorodehydromethyltestosterone. Individual compounds differ considerably in their chemical structure, potency, metabolism, and relative anabolic and androgenic activity.Letrozole, anastrozole, and exemestane are aromatase inhibitors. They inhibit aromatase, the enzyme involved in estrogen biosynthesis, thereby reducing estrogen production. Letrozole and anastrozole are non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors, whereas exemestane is a steroidal aromatase inhibitor. These substances are used medically in hormone-sensitive breast cancer treatment but may also be found in products associated with anabolic steroid use.<h4>Key Features</h4><ul><li>Blind screening with no need to declare the expected compound</li><li>Detection of common anabolic steroids and aromatase inhibitors in oral dosage forms</li><li>Identification of mixtures containing multiple target compounds</li><li>Quantification of every detected target compound</li><li>Suitable for pills, tablets, and capsules</li><li>Results reported in mg per pill, tablet, or capsule</li><li>HPLC analytical method</li><li>Average turnaround time of 7 business days</li></ul><h4>Analysis Parameters</h4><ul><li>Target compounds: Letrozole, anastrozole, exemestane, fluoxymesterone, methandrostenolone, oxandrolone, stanozolol, 4-chlorodehydromethyltestosterone, mesterolone, methenolone acetate, methasterone, and oxymetholone</li><li>Other common names and brand names: Femara, Arimidex, Aromasin, Halotestin, Halo, Anavar, Var, Winstrol, Winny, Turinabol, Tbol, Proviron, Superdrol, Anadrol, Anapolon, Methandienone, Dianabol, and Dbol</li><li>Testing method: HPLC</li><li>Detection limit cutoff:&nbsp;<ul><li>2 mg per pill / tablet / capsule</li><li>Letrozole and anastrozole: 0.2 mg pill / capsule</li></ul></li><li>Result format: mg per pill / tablet / capsule</li><li>Minimum sample amount: One pill / tablet / capsule</li><li>Optimal sample amount: Three pills / tablets / capsules</li><li>Average turnaround time: 7 business days</li></ul><h4>Optional Additional Analyses</h4>The following optional laboratory services are available:<ul><li>Complete Raw Analytical Data</li><li>Batch Variance Testing</li><li>GC–MS Contamination Screening</li><li>Fentanyl Screening</li><li>Heavy Metals Analysis (As, Cd, Pb, Hg)</li><li>Additional Laboratory Report</li></ul>

Blind common anabolic steroid and aromatase inhibitors screening – raws

Blind HPLC screening of common anabolic steroids and aromatase inhibitors in raw API powders. The analysis identifies the target compound and determines its percentage content.

The Blind Common Anabolic Steroid and Aromatase Inhibitor Screening is a comprehensive laboratory analysis designed to identify and quantify commonly encountered anabolic-androgenic steroids and aromatase inhibitors in raw active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) powders.Because this is a blind analysis, there is no need to specify which substance is expected in the sample. The analysis screens for all target compounds listed below and identifies and quantifies any detected substance.<h4>About the Target Compounds</h4>Anabolic-androgenic steroids are synthetic derivatives of testosterone or structurally related steroid hormones. They interact with androgen receptors and produce both anabolic effects, associated with tissue and muscle growth, and androgenic effects. The screening covers testosterone and nandrolone esters, trenbolone derivatives, drostanolone esters, boldenone undecylenate, trestolone acetate, dihydroboldenone cypionate, and several other commonly encountered anabolic steroids.Esterification modifies properties such as solubility and the rate at which a steroid is released after administration. For this reason, the panel includes multiple ester forms of testosterone, trenbolone, nandrolone, drostanolone, methenolone, and other steroid compounds.Letrozole, anastrozole, and exemestane are aromatase inhibitors. They inhibit aromatase, the enzyme involved in estrogen biosynthesis, thereby reducing estrogen production. Letrozole and anastrozole are non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors, whereas exemestane is a steroidal inhibitor.<h4>Key Features</h4><ul><li>Blind screening with no need to declare the expected compound</li><li>Identification of common anabolic steroids and aromatase inhibitors in raw API powders</li><li>Broad panel covering steroid bases, esters, and aromatase inhibitors</li><li>Quantification of the detected target compound</li><li>Analysis by HPLC</li><li>Results reported as percentage content</li><li>Average turnaround time of 7 business days</li><li>Minimum sample amount of 200 mg of raw powder</li></ul><h4>Analysis Parameters</h4><ul><li>Target compounds: testosterone propionate, testosterone phenylpropionate, testosterone isocaproate, testosterone enanthate, testosterone cypionate, testosterone decanoate, trenbolone base, trenbolone acetate, trenbolone enanthate, trenbolone hexahydrobenzylcarbonate, trestolone acetate, nandrolone phenylpropionate, nandrolone decanoate, drostanolone propionate, drostanolone enanthate, dihydroboldenone cypionate, boldenone undecylenate, letrozole, anastrozole, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), exemestane, fluoxymesterone, methandrostenolone, oxandrolone, stanozolol, 4-chlorodehydromethyltestosterone, mesterolone, methasterone, oxymetholone, methenolone acetate, methenolone enanthate, and testosterone base</li><li>Other common names and brand names: Andriolos, Parabolan, MENT, NPP, Deca, BU, Equipoise, EQ, Parenabol, Femara, Arimidex, Aromasin, Halotestin, Halo, Anavar, Var, Winstrol, Turinabol, Proviron, Anadrol, Anapolon, Primobolan, Test E, Test C, Methandienone, Dianabol, and Dbol</li><li>Testing method: HPLC</li><li>Detection limit cutoff: 50%</li><li>Result format: % [98%+, 96%+ or % value such as 94.15%]</li><li>Minimum sample amount: 200 mg of raw powder</li><li>Average turnaround time: 7 business days</li></ul><blockquote>Important Notice: The detection cutoff is 50%. Samples containing a target compound below this level may therefore fall outside the standard scope of the screening.</blockquote><h4>Optional Additional Analyses</h4>The following optional laboratory services are available:<ul><li>Complete Raw Analytical Data</li><li>Fentanyl Screening</li><li>GC–MS Contamination Screening</li><li>Heavy Metals Analysis (As, Cd, Pb, Hg)</li><li>Additional Laboratory Report</li></ul>

Blind common anabolic steroid screening – ID only

Blind HPLC identification of common anabolic steroids and selected aromatase inhibitors in oils, oral products, and raw API powders. The analysis reports the detected compound without quantification.

The Blind Common Anabolic Steroid Screening – ID Only is a laboratory analysis designed to identify commonly encountered anabolic-androgenic steroids and selected aromatase inhibitors in an unknown sample. The test is suitable for oil-based samples, oral dosage forms such as tablets and capsules, and raw active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) powders.Because this is a blind analysis, there is no need to specify which substance is expected in the sample. The analysis screens for all target compounds listed below and reports the identity of the detected compound.<h4>About the Target Compounds</h4>Anabolic-androgenic steroids are synthetic derivatives of testosterone or structurally related steroid hormones. They interact with androgen receptors and produce both anabolic effects, associated with tissue and muscle growth, and androgenic effects.The analysis covers testosterone, trenbolone, nandrolone, drostanolone, methenolone, boldenone, and other commonly encountered anabolic steroids. It includes both non-esterified steroid bases and esterified forms, which differ in properties such as solubility and release rate after administration.The screening also includes letrozole, anastrozole, and exemestane. These compounds are aromatase inhibitors that reduce estrogen production by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme. Letrozole and anastrozole are non-steroidal inhibitors, whereas exemestane is a steroidal aromatase inhibitor.<h4>Key Features</h4><ul><li>Blind identification with no need to declare the expected compound</li><li>Identification of common anabolic steroids and selected aromatase inhibitors</li><li>Suitable for oil-based samples, tablets, capsules, and raw API powders</li><li>Broad selection of steroid bases and esterified compounds</li><li>Analysis by HPLC</li><li>Results reported as the name of the detected compound</li><li>Average turnaround time of 7 business days</li><li>Minimum sample requirements adapted to the submitted sample type</li></ul><h4>Analysis Parameters</h4><ul><li>Target compounds: testosterone propionate, testosterone phenylpropionate, testosterone isocaproate, testosterone enanthate, testosterone cypionate, testosterone decanoate, trenbolone base, trenbolone acetate, trenbolone hexahydrobenzylcarbonate, trestolone acetate, nandrolone phenylpropionate, nandrolone decanoate, drostanolone propionate, drostanolone enanthate, dihydroboldenone cypionate, boldenone undecylenate, letrozole, anastrozole, exemestane, fluoxymesterone, methandrostenolone, oxandrolone, stanozolol, 4-chlorodehydromethyltestosterone, mesterolone, methasterone, oxymetholone, methenolone acetate, methenolone enanthate, and testosterone base</li><li>Testing method: HPLC</li><li>Result format: Name of the AAS found in the sample</li><li>Minimum sample amount&nbsp;<ul><li>oils: 0.5–1 mL</li><li>oral products: One tablet or capsule</li><li>raw powders: 200 mg</li></ul></li><li>Average turnaround time: 7 business days</li></ul><blockquote>Important Notice: This analysis provides compound identification only. The amount, concentration, or percentage content of the detected substance is not measured.</blockquote><h4>Optional Additional Analyses</h4>The following optional laboratory services are available:<ul><li>Fentanyl Screening</li><li>GC–MS Contamination Screening</li><li>Heavy Metals Analysis (As, Cd, Pb, Hg)</li><li>Additional Laboratory Report</li></ul>

DHT enanthate analysis

Targeted HPLC analysis of DHT enanthate in oil-based samples and raw API powders. The test confirms compound identity and determines its content in mg/mL or percentage.

The DHT Enanthate Analysis is a targeted laboratory test designed to confirm the identity and determine the amount of dihydrotestosterone enanthate in oil-based samples and raw active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) powders.The analysis specifically targets DHT enanthate. Samples expected to contain non-esterified DHT should instead be submitted for the appropriate blind common anabolic steroid screening for <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/2478">oils </a>or<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/2476"> raw API powders</a>.<h4>About DHT Enanthate</h4>DHT enanthate, also known as dihydrotestosterone heptanoate, is an esterified form of DHT designed for slower release and potentially prolonged activity. The enanthate group increases the compound’s lipophilicity. After release, DHT activates androgen receptors and, unlike testosterone, cannot be converted into estradiol by aromatase.<h4>Key Features</h4><ul><li>Targeted identification and quantification of DHT enanthate</li><li>Suitable for oil-based samples and raw API powders</li><li>Analysis by HPLC</li><li>Results for oil samples reported in mg/mL</li><li>Results for raw API powders reported as percentage content</li><li>Optional mass-by-mass purity reporting for raw API powders</li><li>Minimum sample amount of 0.5–1 mL for oil samples</li><li>Minimum sample amount of 200 mg for raw API powders</li><li>Average turnaround time of 7 business days</li></ul><h4>Analysis Parameters</h4><ul><li>Target compound: DHT enanthate</li><li>Testing method: HPLC</li><li>Detection limit cutoff: 15 mg/mL</li><li>Result format for oil samples: mg/mL</li><li>Minimum sample amount for oil samples: 0.5–1 mL</li><li>Result format for raw API powders: % [98%+, 96%+ or % value such as 94.15%]</li><li>Minimum sample amount for raw API powders: 200 mg</li><li>Average turnaround time: 7 business days</li></ul><blockquote>Important Notice: This analysis is intended specifically for DHT enanthate. It is not designed for the analysis of non-esterified DHT.</blockquote><h4>Optional Additional Analyses</h4>The following optional laboratory services are available:<ul><li>Benzyl Alcohol and Benzyl Benzoate Testing</li><li>Complete Raw Analytical Data</li><li>Alternative Result Format: Mass-by-Mass Purity - only for raw API powders</li><li>pH Measurement</li><li>GC–MS Contamination Screening</li><li>Sterility Testing (TAMC and TYMC)</li><li>Heavy Metals Analysis (As, Cd, Pb, Hg)</li><li>Additional Laboratory Report</li></ul>

Epistane analysis

Targeted HPLC analysis of epistane in tablets, capsules, and raw API powders. The test confirms compound identity and determines its content in mg per unit or as a percentage.

The Epistane Analysis is a targeted laboratory test designed to confirm the identity and determine the amount of epistane in oral dosage forms and raw active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) powders.&nbsp;The analysis is suitable for tablets and capsules, with results reported in milligrams per individual dosage unit. Raw API powders can be evaluated by percentage content, with optional purity reporting in % (m/m).<h4>About Epistane</h4>Epistane, also known as methylepitiostanol or 2,3-thioepoxy madol, is a synthetic, orally active anabolic-androgenic steroid structurally related to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). It is a 17α-methylated derivative of epitiostanol and interacts with androgen receptors, producing anabolic and androgenic effects.Epistane has been identified in products marketed as dietary or performance-enhancing supplements. Scientific studies have also associated its use with a risk of liver injury, including cholestasis.<h4>Key Features</h4><ul><li>Targeted identification and quantification of epistane</li><li>Suitable for tablets, capsules, and raw API powders</li><li>Analysis by HPLC</li><li>Results for oral products reported in mg per tablet or capsule</li><li>Results for raw API powders reported as percentage content</li><li>Optional purity reporting in % (m/m) for raw API powders</li><li>Minimum sample amount of three tablets or capsules</li><li>Minimum sample amount of 200 mg for raw API powders</li><li>Average turnaround time of 7 business days</li></ul><h4>Analysis Parameters</h4><ul><li>Target compound: Epistane</li><li>Other names: Hemapolin, 2,3-thioepoxy madol</li><li>CAS number: 4267-80-5</li><li>Testing method: HPLC</li><li>Minimum amount of target compound for evaluation in oral products: 4 mg per tablet / capsule</li><li>Minimum content of target compound for evaluation in raw API powders: 10%</li><li>Result format for oral products: mg per tablet or capsule</li><li>Result format for raw API powders: % [98%+, 96%+ or % value such as 94.15%]</li><li>Minimum sample amount for oral products: 3 tablets / capsules</li><li>Minimum sample amount for raw API powders: 200 mg</li><li>Average turnaround time: 7 business days</li></ul><h4>Optional Additional Analyses</h4>The following optional laboratory services are available:<ul><li>Complete Raw Analytical Data</li><li>Alternative Result Format: Purity in % (m/m) - only for raw API powders</li><li>Batch Variance Testing</li><li>Fentanyl Screening</li><li>GC–MS Contamination Screening</li><li>Heavy Metals Analysis (As, Cd, Pb, Hg)</li><li>Additional Laboratory Report</li></ul>

Human Growth Hormone amount, purity and dimer and higher molecular weight proteins analysis

Laboratory analysis of HGH 191 AA determines identity, amount, purity, dimer content and higher molecular weight proteins in lyophilizates, liquids and raw API powders.

This analysis is designed to identify Human Growth Hormone 191 AA and determine its amount and purity. The test also includes separate measurement of HGH dimer and higher molecular weight proteins, which are important quality parameters for growth hormone products.<h4>Human Growth Hormone 191 AA</h4>Human Growth Hormone, also known as HGH, somatropin or recombinant human growth hormone (rHGH), is a peptide hormone composed of 191 amino acids. It is naturally involved in the regulation of growth, metabolism and other physiological processes.Somatropin used in pharmaceutical products is a recombinant form corresponding to the naturally occurring 191-amino-acid human growth hormone. Product quality depends not only on HGH content and purity but also on the presence of dimers and other higher molecular weight protein forms.An HGH dimer is formed when two growth hormone molecules associate with each other. Because the dimer is still composed of HGH molecules, it may not be classified as a conventional impurity by a standard purity test. A separate analysis is therefore required for its accurate measurement. Increased levels of dimers and other high-molecular-weight protein forms may affect product quality, activity and tolerability.<h4>What the Analysis Determines</h4><ul><li>Identity of HGH 191 AA</li><li>Amount of HGH in the sample</li><li>Growth hormone purity</li><li>Dimer content</li><li>Higher molecular weight protein content</li><li>Results in a format appropriate for the submitted sample type</li></ul><h4>Analysis Parameters</h4><ul><li>Target compound: Human Growth Hormone 191 AA</li><li>Other names: somatropin, HGH, rHGH, 191 AA</li><li>Molecular weight: 22,124 Da</li><li>Testing method: HPLC</li><li>HGH detection limit: 0.2 mg/ml or 0.5 mg/vial</li><li>Dimer and higher molecular weight protein detection limit: 0.008%</li><li>Result format for lyophilizates: mg/vial, IU, purity percentage and dimer percentage</li><li>Result format for liquids: mg/ml, IU, purity percentage and dimer percentage</li><li>Alternative result format: m/m purity, GH purity and dimer percentage</li><li>Minimum lyophilizate sample: one whole unopened vial containing the lyophilizate</li><li>Minimum liquid sample: 1 ml</li><li>Minimum raw API powder sample: 30 mg in a sealed glass vial to prevent moisture absorption</li><li>Average turnaround time: 7 business days</li></ul><h4>Important Notice</h4>Only the 191-amino-acid form of HGH is recognized as Human Growth Hormone by this analytical method. HGH 192 AA is not a target of the test and its presence would result in “HGH not detected” being stated in the report.The alternative m/m purity result format is intended exclusively for raw API powders. Lyophilized products are normally reported in mg/vial, while liquid samples are reported in mg/ml.<h4>Additional Analyses</h4><h5>TFA Analysis</h5><ul><li>Detection and measurement of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in the sample. Results are reported in mg per vial.</li></ul><h5>Raw Data</h5><ul><li>Delivery of the available raw analytical data from the primary test and all applicable additional analyses.</li></ul><h5>Fentanyl Presence Analysis</h5><ul><li>Screening of the sample for the presence of fentanyl.</li></ul><h5>Alternative Result Format – m/m Purity</h5><ul><li>Alternative reporting of the result as mass-by-mass purity. This option is intended exclusively for raw API powders.</li></ul><h5>Variance Testing with Dimer Analysis</h5><ul><li>Analysis of multiple vials from the same batch to evaluate variation in HGH content, purity and dimer levels. Dimer content is measured in every submitted vial.</li></ul><h5>Variance Testing</h5><ul><li>Analysis of multiple sample units from the same product batch to assess variation between individual vials or units. Dimer is not measured in the additional samples under this option.</li></ul><h5>pH Measurement</h5><ul><li>Measurement of the sample’s pH value.</li></ul><h5>Endotoxin Analysis</h5><ul><li>Measurement of bacterial endotoxins, particularly lipopolysaccharides (LPS), in the sample. This analysis is available only for finished products and should not be ordered for raw powders.</li><li>The standard test provides accurate results up to 10 EU/vial. Values above 10 EU/vial are estimated and require an additional test with a different dilution for precise determination. Sending two vials is therefore recommended. Where endotoxin levels above 10 EU/vial are expected, the method can be calibrated for the higher range in advance.</li></ul><h5>CHNS Mass Report</h5><ul><li>Elemental analysis providing accurate measurement of nitrogen and sulphur content. The results can be used to determine Net Peptide Content (NPC).</li></ul><h5>Additional Report</h5><ul><li>A separate additional laboratory report issued under a different client name.</li></ul><h5>LC-MS Screening for Peptide Contamination</h5><ul><li>LC-MS screening for contamination with other peptides or peptide degradation products. Detection is limited to peptides included in the laboratory’s available testing database.</li><li>The initial screening provides identification only. If contamination is detected, quantitative measurement may subsequently be ordered.</li></ul><h5>Sterility Testing</h5><ul><li>TAMC and TYMC testing checks the product for the presence of bacteria, yeasts and moulds. Additional unopened sample units must be submitted for the analysis. The average turnaround time for sterility testing is 14 days.</li></ul><h5>Heavy Metals Analysis</h5><ul><li>Detection of selected heavy metals in the sample.</li></ul>

rHGH fragment or AOD-9604 (LCMS+CHNS) analysis

Combined LC-MS, CHNS and HPLC analysis of rHGH fragment 176–191 and AOD-9604 for identification, amount, peptide purity and contamination screening.

This analysis is designed to identify and determine the amount and purity of recombinant Human Growth Hormone fragment 176–191 and AOD-9604. It combines LC-MS, CHNS and HPLC to provide information about peptide identity, net peptide content, peptide purity and potential contamination with other peptides or degradation products.The test can detect and measure either target compound. It is therefore not necessary to know in advance whether the sample contains rHGH fragment 176–191 or AOD-9604.<h4>rHGH Fragment 176–191</h4>rHGH fragment 176–191, also known as somatropin 176–191, is a peptide corresponding to amino acids 176 to 191 of Human Growth Hormone. It consists of 16 amino acids and represents the C-terminal region of the HGH molecule.Its molecular weight is approximately 1,799 Da. It differs from AOD-9604 in the first amino acid of its sequence.<h4>AOD-9604</h4>AOD-9604 is a synthetically modified peptide derived from Human Growth Hormone fragment 176–191. Like the rHGH fragment, it contains 16 amino acids, but its sequence begins with tyrosine instead of phenylalanine.This structural difference allows the two peptides to be distinguished by LC-MS. The molecular weight of AOD-9604 is approximately 1,815 Da.<h4>Analytical Methods</h4><h5>LC-MS – Identification and Contamination Screening</h5>LC-MS is used to confirm the identity of the peptide in the sample. It also provides screening for detectable contamination with other peptides and peptide degradation products.<h5>CHNS – Net Peptide Content Determination</h5>CHNS elemental analysis measures the carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulphur content of the sample. The measured values can be used to determine Net Peptide Content.Because the sample is combusted during CHNS analysis, the result is not affected by solubility issues that may complicate chromatographic measurement of peptide amount.<h5>HPLC – Peptide Purity Determination</h5>HPLC is used to determine peptide purity and the relative proportion of the main peptide component compared with chromatographically detectable impurities.<h4>What the Analysis Determines</h4><ul><li>Identity of rHGH fragment 176–191 or AOD-9604</li><li>Amount of peptide in the sample</li><li>Net peptide content determined by CHNS</li><li>Peptide purity determined by HPLC</li><li>Presence of other peptides or degradation products detected by LC-MS</li><li>Differentiation between rHGH fragment 176–191 and AOD-9604</li></ul><h4>Analysis Parameters</h4><ul><li>Target compounds: rHGH fragment – somatropin 176–191 and AOD-9604</li><li>CAS number of AOD-9604: 221231-10-3</li><li>Molecular weight of AOD-9604: 1,815 Da</li><li>AOD-9604 sequence: H-Tyr-Leu-Arg-Ile-Val-Gln-Cys(1)-Arg-Ser-Val-Glu-Gly-Ser-Cys(1)-Gly-Phe-OH</li><li>CAS number of rHGH fragment: 66004-57-7</li><li>Molecular weight of rHGH fragment: 1,799 Da</li><li>rHGH fragment sequence: H-Phe-Leu-Arg-Ile-Val-Gln-Cys(1)-Arg-Ser-Val-Glu-Gly-Ser-Cys(1)-Gly-Phe-OH</li><li>Identification method: LC-MS</li><li>Amount determination method: CHNS</li><li>Peptide purity method: HPLC</li><li>Detection limit: less than one twentieth of the usual dosage per vial</li><li>Result format for lyophilizates: mg per vial and peptide purity</li><li>Alternative result format: m/m purity and peptide purity</li><li>Minimum lyophilizate sample: one whole unopened vial containing the lyophilizate</li><li>Minimum raw API powder sample: 30 mg in a sealed glass vial to prevent moisture absorption</li><li>Average turnaround time: 7 business days</li></ul><blockquote><h5>Important Notice</h5>The alternative m/m purity result format is intended exclusively for raw API powders. For lyophilized samples, the standard result format provides the peptide amount in mg per vial together with peptide purity.</blockquote><h4>Additional Analyses</h4><h5>TFA Analysis</h5><ul><li>Detection and measurement of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in the sample. Results are reported in mg per vial.</li></ul><h5>Raw Data</h5><ul><li>Delivery of the available raw analytical data from the primary test and all applicable additional analyses.</li></ul><h5>Fentanyl Presence Analysis</h5><h5>Alternative Result Format – m/m Purity</h5><ul><li>Alternative reporting of the result as mass-by-mass purity. This option is intended exclusively for raw API powders.</li></ul><h5>Variance Testing</h5><ul><li>Analysis of multiple sample units to assess variation within a single batch. All submitted samples must originate from the same batch of the same product.</li></ul><h5>pH Measurement</h5><h5>Endotoxin Analysis</h5><ul><li>Measurement of bacterial endotoxins, particularly lipopolysaccharides (LPS), in the sample. This analysis is available only for finished products and should not be ordered for raw powders.</li><li>The standard test provides accurate results up to 10 EU per vial. Values above 10 EU per vial are estimated and require an additional test with a different dilution for precise determination. Sending two vials is therefore recommended.</li><li>Where endotoxin levels above 10 EU per vial are expected, the method can be calibrated for the higher range in advance.</li></ul><h5>Additional Report</h5><ul><li>A separate additional laboratory report issued under a different client name.</li></ul><h5>Sterility Testing</h5><ul><li>TAMC and TYMC testing checks the product for the presence of bacteria, yeasts and moulds. Additional unopened sample units must be submitted for analysis. The average turnaround time for this test is 14 days.</li></ul><h5>Heavy Metals Analysis</h5><ul><li>Detection of arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury in the sample. Testing for other metals can be arranged individually.</li></ul>

Ipamorelin analysis

HPLC analysis of ipamorelin for identity confirmation, amount determination and peptide purity in lyophilized samples and raw API powders.

This analysis is designed to confirm the identity and determine the amount and peptide purity of ipamorelin in lyophilized samples and raw API powders. HPLC testing provides information about the actual ipamorelin content of the sample and the proportion of the main peptide component relative to chromatographically detectable impurities.<h4>Ipamorelin</h4>Ipamorelin is a synthetic peptide composed of five amino acid residues and is therefore classified as a pentapeptide. It is also commonly abbreviated as Ipa.Its sequence contains the modified amino acids Aib and D-2Nal and has an amidated C-terminus. The molecular weight of ipamorelin is approximately 712 Da.The analysis confirms whether the sample contains ipamorelin, determines its amount and evaluates peptide purity.<h4>What the Analysis Determines</h4><ul><li>Identity of ipamorelin</li><li>Amount of ipamorelin in the sample</li><li>Peptide purity</li><li>Results in a format appropriate for the submitted sample type</li></ul><h4>Analysis Parameters</h4><ul><li>Target compound: ipamorelin</li><li>Other name: Ipa</li><li>CAS number: 170851-70-4</li><li>Molecular weight: 712 Da</li><li>Sequence: H-Aib-His-D-2Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH2</li><li>Testing method: HPLC</li><li>Detection limit: less than one twentieth of the usual dosage per vial</li><li>Result format for lyophilizates: mg per vial and peptide purity</li><li>Alternative result format: m/m purity and peptide purity</li><li>Minimum lyophilizate sample: one whole unopened vial containing the lyophilizate</li><li>Minimum raw API powder sample: 30 mg in a sealed glass vial to prevent moisture absorption</li><li>Average turnaround time: 7 business days</li></ul><blockquote><h5>Important Notice</h5>The alternative m/m purity result format is intended exclusively for raw API powders. For lyophilized samples, the standard result format provides the amount of ipamorelin in mg per vial together with peptide purity.</blockquote><h4>Additional Analyses</h4><h5>TFA Analysis</h5><ul><li>Detection and measurement of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in the sample. Results are reported in mg per vial.</li></ul><h5>Raw Data</h5><ul><li>Delivery of the available raw analytical data from the primary test and all applicable additional analyses.</li></ul><h5>Fentanyl Presence Analysis</h5><h5>Alternative Result Format – m/m Purity</h5><ul><li>Alternative reporting of the result as mass-by-mass purity. This option is intended exclusively for raw API powders.</li></ul><h5>Variance Testing</h5><ul><li>Analysis of multiple sample units to assess variation within a single batch. All submitted samples must originate from the same batch of the same product.</li></ul><h5>pH Measurement</h5><h5>Endotoxin Analysis</h5><ul><li>Measurement of bacterial endotoxins, particularly lipopolysaccharides (LPS), in the sample. This analysis is available only for finished products and should not be ordered for raw powders.</li><li>The standard test provides accurate results up to 10 EU per vial. Values above 10 EU per vial are estimated and require an additional test with a different dilution for precise determination. Sending two vials is therefore recommended.</li><li>Where endotoxin levels above 10 EU per vial are expected, the method can be calibrated for the higher range in advance.</li></ul><h5>CHNS Mass Report</h5><ul><li>Elemental analysis providing accurate measurement of nitrogen and sulphur content. The results can be used to determine Net Peptide Content (NPC).</li></ul><h5>Additional Report</h5><ul><li>A separate additional laboratory report issued under a different client name.</li></ul><h5>LC-MS Screening for Peptide Contamination</h5><ul><li>LC-MS screening for contamination with other peptides or peptide degradation products. Detection is limited to peptides included in the available testing portfolio.</li><li>The initial screening provides identification only. If contamination is detected, quantitative measurement may subsequently be ordered.</li></ul><h5>Sterility Testing</h5><ul><li>TAMC and TYMC testing checks the product for the presence of bacteria, yeasts and moulds. Additional unopened sample units must be submitted for analysis. The average turnaround time for this test is 14 days.</li></ul><h5>Heavy Metals Analysis</h5><ul><li>Detection of arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury in the sample. Testing for other metals can be arranged individually.</li></ul>

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