Meeting EU Drinking Water Standards: The Critical Role of Sample Prep in Trace Contaminant Analysis

<h3>Charged for Action: The Hidden Secrets of AEX Oligonucleotide Analysis</h3>Oligonucleotides—short, well-defined fragments of DNA or RNA—have become indispensable tools in modern life sciences. They underpin cutting-edge applications in molecular diagnostics, gene therapy, and pharmaceutical development. Before oligonucleotides can be confidently used in research or clinical settings, however, their quality must be rigorously assessed. Purity, sequence integrity, length distribution, and chemical modifications all play a decisive role in their performance.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_2_45eee54fa0.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Oligos Made Easy - Part 2: AEX" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_2_45eee54fa0.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1534" height="711">Among the analytical techniques available today, anion exchange chromatography (AEX) stands out as a robust and highly informative method for characterizing oligonucleotides. By exploiting their intrinsic negative charge, AEX provides detailed insight into product composition and impurity profiles that are difficult to obtain by other approaches.<blockquote><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/6808">Part 1 of the Oligos series: A Practical Guide to Oligonucleotide Production – From Concept to Final Product</a></blockquote><h4>How Scientists Read Oligonucleotides Using Charge</h4>At the core of AEX lies a simple but powerful principle: oligonucleotides carry a negatively charged phosphate backbone. This charge increases in a predictable way with strand length and, to a lesser extent, sequence composition. Anion exchange chromatography uses this property to separate oligonucleotides based on differences in charge strength and interaction with a positively charged stationary phase.As a result, AEX has become one of the most widely used analytical tools for evaluating oligonucleotide quality. It allows scientists to distinguish full-length products from truncated species, degradation products, or closely related variants—often with single-nucleotide resolution.<h4>Why Ion Exchange Works: Binding, Retention, and Release</h4>Ion exchange chromatography (IEX) relies on electrostatic interactions between analytes and a charged stationary phase. In the case of oligonucleotides, anion exchange is used, where negatively charged molecules interact with positively charged functional groups on the resin—most commonly quaternary amines.The system consists of two main components:<ul><li>Stationary phase: A positively charged resin that binds anionic analytes.</li><li>Mobile phase: An aqueous buffer system, typically combined with a salt gradient, that controls both pH and elution strength.</li></ul>Retention in AEX is governed primarily by charge. Molecules with weaker overall charge interact less strongly with the stationary phase and elute earlier, while more highly charged oligonucleotides bind more tightly and require stronger elution conditions.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_1_IEX_overview_including_elution_order_dependency_on_analyte_charge_3419ad3075.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Oligos Made Easy - Part 2 AEX: Figure 1 IEX overview including elution order dependency on analyte charge." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_1_IEX_overview_including_elution_order_dependency_on_analyte_charge_3419ad3075.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1583" height="654"><h4>The Five-Step Workflow of Ion Exchange Chromatography</h4>AEX separations generally follow a well-established sequence of steps:<ol><li>Column equilibration The column is conditioned with the starting buffer until the baseline and pH are stable. This ensures that all charged sites on the resin are ready for interaction.</li><li>Sample loading Samples, prepared in the starting buffer, are introduced under conditions that promote binding of the target oligonucleotides while minimizing retention of unwanted impurities.</li><li>Washing The column is washed with the starting buffer to remove uncharged or weakly interacting components. The baseline stabilizes as these species are flushed away.</li><li>Elution Bound oligonucleotides are released using a salt or pH gradient. Increasing ionic strength introduces competing ions that displace the analytes from the resin. Weakly bound species elute first; strongly charged oligonucleotides elute later.</li><li>Regeneration and re-equilibration A high-salt buffer removes any remaining bound material. The column is then returned to starting conditions in preparation for the next analysis.</li></ol><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_2_Five_steps_of_IEX_procedure_in_blue_outlined_using_an_example_chromatogram_in_red_38dd70b1b1.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Oligos Made Easy - Part 2 AEX: Figure 2 Five steps of IEX procedure (in blue), outlined using an example chromatogram (in red)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_2_Five_steps_of_IEX_procedure_in_blue_outlined_using_an_example_chromatogram_in_red_38dd70b1b1.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1583" height="674"><h4>Why AEX Is Especially Effective for Oligonucleotides</h4>The repeating phosphate backbone of oligonucleotides gives rise to a strong and uniform anionic character across a wide pH range (typically pH 7–9). This makes oligonucleotides exceptionally well suited for anion exchange separations.Key factors influencing AEX behavior include:<ul><li>Charge density: Longer oligonucleotides carry more negative charges and therefore exhibit stronger retention.</li><li>Resin chemistry: Strong and weak anion exchangers differ in functional groups and pH stability, influencing selectivity and robustness.</li><li>Buffer composition: The choice of buffering ions and salt gradients directly affects elution strength and resolution.</li></ul>Salt gradients—commonly based on chloride ions—compete with the oligonucleotide backbone for binding sites on the resin. By carefully tuning gradient slope and composition, analysts can achieve highly reproducible and finely resolved separations.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_3_Ionic_interactions_and_p_H_influence_on_Anion_Exchange_Chromatography_AEX_612e231ba4.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Oligos Made Easy - Part 2 AEX: Figure 3 Ionic interactions and pH influence on Anion Exchange Chromatography (AEX)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_3_Ionic_interactions_and_p_H_influence_on_Anion_Exchange_Chromatography_AEX_612e231ba4.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1547" height="593"><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_4_AEX_buffer_selection_and_gradient_strategy_chromatogram_with_red_buffer_gradient_curve_53fd1bb11b.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Oligos Made Easy - Part 2 AEX: Figure 4 AEX buffer selection and gradient strategy (chromatogram with red buffer gradient curve)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_4_AEX_buffer_selection_and_gradient_strategy_chromatogram_with_red_buffer_gradient_curve_53fd1bb11b.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="327"><h4>AEX as the Gold Standard for Oligonucleotide Separation</h4>Anion exchange chromatography has become the method of choice for both analytical and preparative oligonucleotide workflows. Its advantages include:<ul><li>High resolving power: Closely related impurities, including n–1 or n–2 species, can often be separated and quantified.</li><li>Predictable retention behavior: In many cases, retention time correlates linearly with oligonucleotide length, simplifying identification.</li><li>Compatibility with modified oligonucleotides: Even chemically modified sequences retain their anionic nature, allowing AEX to resolve both products and related impurities.</li><li>Excellent control via gradient elution: Salt gradients provide precise tuning of selectivity and resolution.</li></ul>Typically, shorter or degraded oligonucleotides elute at lower ionic strength, while full-length products with higher charge density appear later in the chromatogram.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_5_AEX_Advantages_and_Challenges_7835521e34.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Oligos Made Easy - Part 2 AEX: Figure 5 AEX Advantages and Challenges." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_5_AEX_Advantages_and_Challenges_7835521e34.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1535" height="707"><h4>Final Perspective: Mastering AEX with Confidence</h4>Anion exchange chromatography may appear complex at first, but with thoughtful optimization of pH, buffer composition, and gradient conditions, it becomes a highly precise and reliable tool for oligonucleotide analysis. When properly applied, AEX delivers sharp peaks, excellent resolution, and robust performance—even for challenging sequences and modifications.For laboratories developing or refining oligonucleotide workflows, AEX offers both analytical depth and operational confidence.<blockquote>If you would like to discuss AEX method development or optimization for oligonucleotides, feel free to contact us at sales@knauer.net. More insights into practical oligonucleotide analysis will follow in our “Oligos Made Easy” series.For technical questions or in-depth discussion, the author can be reached at kindler@knauer.net</blockquote>

Oligos Made Easy - Part 2: AEX

Although modern agriculture needs to be based on accurate real-time data on soil, plant, and environmental conditions, affordable, sufficiently sensitive, and robust monitoring devices for this purpose are currently missing. According to scientists, low-cost sensors based on new smart materials and printing technologies offer a suitable solution. The results of multidisciplinary research thus far and proposals for the development of these devices have been presented by researchers from Czechia, Great Britain, Spain, and the USA in a review article in the prestigious journal <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-68778-6#Abs1">Nature Communications</a>.“Sensor technologies for monitoring plant health are still in their infancy. Only simple sensors capable of monitoring basic parameters such as pH, soil moisture, or temperature are commonly available on the market. However, if farmers are to face current challenges, including climate change, and ensure sufficient food for humanity, they need much more effective tools that will enable them to monitor, for example, various pathogens, including bacteria and fungi. In our opinion, a suitable solution is a combination of new smart materials and printing for the production of inexpensive, durable, and scalable materials,” said the article’s first author, David Panáček from CATRIN, who worked on the study during his internship at Imperial College London.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/CATRIN_Soucasne_senzory_nestaci_Vedci_navrhuji_novou_cestu_ke_sledovani_zdravi_rostlin_b4014952a3.jpg" alt="CATRIN: David Panáček" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_CATRIN_Soucasne_senzory_nestaci_Vedci_navrhuji_novou_cestu_ke_sledovani_zdravi_rostlin_b4014952a3.jpg 208w," sizes="100vw" width="1536" height="1152">Sensors for monitoring plant health, for example, lag behind similar devices used in human medicine. According to the authors, advances in materials science, which will enable the development of scalable sensor technologies, play a key role in this potential shift. “Printing techniques, including inkjet printing, screen printing, aerosol printing, 3D printing, and direct laser writing, offer flexible ways to produce flexible sensors, large-area sensors, and sensors integrated directly into plants. The review article summarizes recent advances in printable low-dimensional materials for agricultural sensors, analyzes their physico-chemical properties in relation to sensor performance, and discusses key challenges and future opportunities requiring interdisciplinary integration,” said one of the corresponding authors, Michal Otyepka.The research brought together materials scientists, chemists, biologists, sensing experts, and printing technology specialists. Materials research and the use of graphene-based smart materials were led by scientists from CATRIN at Palacký University and VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava. Plant biologists from CATRIN contributed their knowledge of plant development, their responses to stress conditions, and the monitoring of their properties. Researchers from Imperial College London took care of the electronics, while representatives from<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/companies/36"> CEITEC – VUT</a> focused on printing technologies. The team also included leading experts in sensing from the Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology in Barcelona, and Joseph Wang of the University of California San Diego, the “father of sensing and electrochemistry,” also contributed his extensive knowledge.“This is a groundbreaking study on this topic, which has managed to attract some truly big names in their respective fields. Last but not least, the study demonstrates that interdisciplinarity at CATRIN gives rise to completely new and promising research topics, such as plant sensing and its use for studying plant-environment interactions and smart agriculture,” added another corresponding author, Nuria De Diego.

Current sensors are not good enough. Scientists propose a new way to monitor plant health

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The Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN) at Palacký University is a cutting-edge scientific hub dedicated to advancing research in the fields of nanotechnology, biotechnology, and biomedicine. At its core, CATRIN boasts outstanding scientific teams, featuring international researchers. We emphasize interdisciplinarity, foster global collaborations, and work to translate our research findings into practical applications.

CATRIN

Organomation, founded in 1959, designs and manufactures high-quality nitrogen evaporators and extraction systems. Known for innovation and durability, their lab instruments are used globally for efficient sample preparation with strong customer support.

Organomation

Based in Berlin, KNAUER is a medium-sized, owner-managed company that has been serving the sciences since 1962. We develop and manufacture scientific instruments of superior quality for liquid chromatography, including: Analytical HPLC/UHPLC, Preparative HPLC, Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), Multi-column chromatography/Simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography. High pressure dosing, in-line detection systems, and osmometry are additional business areas.

KNAUER

Watrex Streamline™ UV1 HPLC detector, Stainless Steel

The Streamline™ UV1 HPLC detector offers an excellent signal-to-noise ratio, making it ideal for demanding applications.

Watrex Streamline™ UV1 programmable UV/VIS detector exhibits excellent signal-to-noise ratio for even the most demanding applications. It is equipped with standard analytical cell. It has a 2-lamp source (deuterium + tungsten), variable wavelength detector configuration suitable for operation between 190 and 800 nm.<blockquote>Price 4 788 € ex VAT</blockquote><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Watrex_Streamline_UV_1_UV_VIS_detector_686c6c9937.jpg" alt="Watrex: Streamline™ UV1 detector, Stainless Steel" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Watrex_Watrex_Streamline_UV_1_UV_VIS_detector_686c6c9937.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="945" height="436"><h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Light Source: Deuterium Lamp, Tungsten Lamp</li><li>Wavelength Range: 190 – 800 nm</li><li>Baseline Noise: 1 x 10-5 AU (@240 nm, 2 sec. risetime)</li><li>Baseline Drift: better than 3 x 10-4 AU/h</li><li>Wavelenghth Reproducibility: ± 0.1 nm</li><li>Linearity: better than 2.5 AU</li><li>Analog Output: 1x 1 V</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/detectors/uv-vis-detectors/streamline-uv1-detector/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex Streamline™ PDA1 HPLC Detector, Stainless Steel

Photo-diode-array (PDA) HPLC detector with the optimum wavelength can be selected for each analyzed substance.

Watrex Streamline™ PDA1 is a photo-diode-array (PDA) detector for routine analysis and sophisticated research.<blockquote>Price 9 972 € ex VAT</blockquote>The dual lamp design offers a wavelength range of 190 – 720 nm (256 Diodes) with a low baseline noise.The front-accessible flow cell can easily bHPLCe exchanged, as can be the lamps which are accessible through a side panel in the instrument housing.Streamline™ PDA1 features 4-Wavelength channels to measure chromatograms at 4 different wavelengths at the same time. With this feature the optimum wavelength can be selected for each analyzed substance.<figure class="image"><img style="aspect-ratio:945/435;" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Watrex_Streamline_PDA_1_Photodiode_array_detector_3784ec588b.jpg" alt="Watrex: Streamline™ PDA1 Detector, Stainless Steel" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Watrex_Watrex_Streamline_PDA_1_Photodiode_array_detector_3784ec588b.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="945" height="435"></figure><h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Wetted Materials: Stainless Steel/ PEEK*, teflon, Glass (*depending on configuration)</li><li>Light Source: Deuterium Lamp, Tungsten Lamp</li><li>Wavelength Range: 190 – 720 nm</li><li>Number of Diodes: 256</li><li>Baseline Noise: ± 1 x 10-5 AU (@240 nm, 1 sec. risetime)</li><li>Baseline Drift: better than 3 x 10-4 AU/h</li><li>Wavelength Accuracy: 0.5 nm</li><li>Mean Pixel Pitch: 2.2 nm</li><li>Resolution: 7 nm</li><li>Linearity: higher than 2.0 AU</li><li>Data Rate: 1 Hz – 100 Hz</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/detectors/uv-vis-detectors/streamline-pda1-detector-256-diodes/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex Streamline RI1 Refractive index HPLC detector

The Watrex Streamline RI1 Refractive Index Detector is an essential component in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) systems.

Streamline™ RI1 refractive index detector is suitable for detecting compounds with little or no UV activity such as alcohols, sugars, lipids or polymers. This instrument is designed for use in analytical HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) as well as for GPC (gel permeation chromatography) applications.<h3>FEATURES</h3><ul><li>Advanced temperature control for high sensitivity and reproducibility</li><li>Prime purge valve</li><li>Long-life LED light source</li><li>Pressure resistant flow cell</li></ul><h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Light Source: Long-life LED</li><li>Refractive index Range: 1.00 - 1.75 RIU</li><li>Baseline Noise: ± 2.5 nRIU</li><li>Baseline Drift: 200 nRIU/h</li><li>Linearity: &gt; 1000 μRIU</li><li>Flow cell pressure resistance: 5 bar</li><li>Flow cell volume: 15 μl</li><li>Time constant: 0.00/0.01/0.02/0.05/0.1/0.2/0.5/1.0/2.0/5.0/10.0 s</li><li>Analog Output: 1x 0-2.5V</li><li>Outputs: Event 1, Start (OUT), Error (OUT), + 5 V, 24 V Valve</li></ul><h3>Ordering information:</h3><h5>PN/Component:</h5><ul><li>SRI101-001 Watrex Streamline™ RI refractive index detector (Price 7 018 € ex VAT)</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/detectors/other-hplc-detectors/streamline-ri1-detector/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex Streamline VD1 Viscosimetric HPLC detector

 Watrex Streamline™ VD1 viscosimetric detector is designed for detailed characterization of polymer compounds in both aqueous and organic solvents.

Streamline™ VD1 viscosimetric detector measures absolute intrinsic viscosity and is ideal as a detector for online monitoring in any GPC system. VD1 enables measurement of absolute molecular size using Wheatstone bridge operating principle.<h3>FEATURES</h3><ul><li>High sensitivity and stability</li><li>Low-noise</li><li>Open protocol digital data format</li><li>Direct dual analog output</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Watrex_Streamline_VD_1_Viscosimetric_detector_Universal_calibration_from_VD_1_data_1_149c741933.jpg" alt="Watrex: Watrex Streamline VD1 Viscosimetric detector - Universal calibration from VD1 data 1"><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Watrex_Streamline_VD_1_Viscosimetric_detector_Universal_calibration_from_VD_1_data_2_a616c498e8.jpg" alt="Watrex: Watrex Streamline VD1 Viscosimetric detector - Universal calibration from VD1 data 2"><h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Wavelength Range: 190 – 720 nm</li><li>Baseline Noise: ± 1 x 10-5 AU (@240 nm, 2 sec. risetime)</li><li>Baseline Drift: &lt; 3 x 10-4 AU/h</li><li>Wavelength Accuracy: ± 0.5 nm</li><li>Wavelenghth Reproducibility: ± 0.1 nm</li><li>Mean Pixel Pitch: 2.2 nm</li><li>Resolution (λ FWHM): 7 nm</li><li>Linearity: &gt; 2.5 AU</li><li>Wavelength Program: Programmable, 10 steps</li><li>Analog Output (optional): 1x 1 V</li><li>Options: Dual channel configuration, thermostated flow cell</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Watrex_Streamline_VD_1_Viscosimetric_detector_Technical_specification_76756715f6.jpg" alt="Watrex: Watrex Streamline VD1 Viscosimetric detector - Technical specification"><h3>Ordering information:</h3><h5>PN/Component:</h5><ul><li>SVD101-001 Watrex Streamline™ VD1 viscosimetric detector (Price 19 741 € ex VAT)</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/detectors/other-hplc-detectors/streamline-vd1-detector/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex Streamline CT1/CT1i HPLC Column thermostat

Watrex Streamline™ CT1i column thermostat is an ideal tool for maintaining stable separation temperatures.

Watrex Streamline CT1/CT1i column thermostat is an ideal tool to grant stable separation temperature even if laboratory temperature fluctuates during the day. It is also essential instrument in sugar analysis and/or many applications requiring higher column temperature. An optional built-in manual syringe front loaded sample injector increases usage comfort.<h3>FEATURES</h3><ul><li>Excellent temperature stability</li><li>Heating up to 100°C</li><li>Thermal fuse against overheating</li><li>Up to 3 columns with length of 250 mm can be placed in the thermostat</li><li>Color touch panel control</li><li>Possibility of installing manual injection valve</li></ul><h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Temperature range: 10 °C above ambient temperature to 100 °C</li><li>Temperature accuracy: max. 0,5 % of actual temperature</li><li>Temperature stability: RSD &lt; 0,4 %</li><li>Settability: 0,1 °C</li><li>Internal dimensions: 320 x 50 x 30 mm (L x W x H)</li><li>Compartment material: PTFE coated metal</li><li>Compartment connection: USB</li><li>Control: build-in color touch panel, datasystem</li></ul><h3>Ordering information:</h3><h5>PN/Component:</h5><ul><li>ST101-001 Streamline CT1 Columm Thermostat (Price 1 720 € ex VAT)</li><li>ST101-002 Streamline CT1i Columm Thermostat with manual injector</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/column-thermostats/streamline-ct1-columm-thermostat/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex SPR-200 Solvent saver

Watrex SPR-200 Solvent Recycler is designed to save up to 90% of mobile phase during isocratic HPLC.

This Solvent Recycler saves up to 90% of mobile phase by redirection of the pure solvent to the solvent reservoir during the isocratic HPLC. The stand alone device is powered by 5 V DC from power adapter or from computer USB port. Working parameters (Threshold and Delay) are easily set on the display using a membrane keyboard.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Watrex_SPR_200_Solvent_saver_I_Nputs_694d991f2c.jpg" alt="Watrex: Watrex SPR-200 Solvent saver - INputs">The SPR-220™ Solvent Recycler continuously monitors the output signal of the chromatography detector and displays its current value on the built-in display. A highresolution analog-to-digital converter provides data for further evaluation in the built-in processor. If the input signal level exceeds a preset value (Threshold), the SPR-200 will redirect the flow to the waste.When the signal drops, the solvent recycler waits for the transport delay and then switches the mobile phase back to the reservoir. An autosampler injection marker connected to the SPR-200 ZERO input can be used to zero the input signal at the time of injection.<h3>FEATURES</h3><ul><li>Stand alone operation</li><li>Detachable valve</li><li>Possibility of manual Waste/Recycle switching</li></ul><h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Detector compatibility: compatible with any HPLC detector</li><li>Connection: 1/16″ O.D. tubing, 1/4″-28 flat bottom fittings</li><li>Maximum pressure: 30 p.s.i./0,2 MPa</li><li>Wetted material: PEEK, PTFE</li><li>Input range: +/- 1 V or +/- 100 mV, user selectable</li><li>Computer connection: μUSB</li><li>TTL/contact closure input: configurable (ZERO, start, valve position)</li><li>Power: 5V DC/&lt;100 mA (power supply or computer USB port)</li><li>User interface: large character LCD alphanumeric display + membrane keypad</li></ul><h3>Ordering information:</h3><h5>PN/Component:</h5><ul><li>SPR200-001 SPR-200 Solvent Recycler, PEEK version (Price 1 250 € ex VAT)</li><li>SPR200-002 SPR-200 Solvent Recycler, PTFE version (Price 1 250 € ex VAT)</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/?s=SPR-200+Solvent&amp;post_type=product&amp;dgwt_wcas=1?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex Streamline™ P1 HPLC Pump, PEEK

The Watrex Streamline™ P1 pump is a versatile and powerful dual-piston HPLC pump.

Streamline P1 pump, PEEK fully meets the demanding requirements for HPLC pumps and can be combined seamlessly with HPLC detectors and instruments from other manufacturers.<blockquote>Price 4 935 € ex VAT</blockquote>In the analytical version of the pump, the flow rate range from 0.001 ml/min to 10 ml/min is adjustable in 1 ul increments with a maximum working pressure of 42 MPa (6,000 psi). Flow rate adjustment accuracy is ±1% and flow rate variation is better than ±0.1%. The pump’s extremely smooth flow profile is ensured by an efficient pulse damper and optimized cam shape.A unique feature is the active piston and seal rinse, which prevents crystallization of buffers. A touch screen display on the front panel allows intuitive control of the pump.The display shows the flow rate, the current pressure and the pump is equipped with pressure limits. A PRIME function is also directly available for flushing at increased flow rates.<figure class="image"><img style="aspect-ratio:1024/768;" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Streamline_P1_Pump_PEEK_dbc4418900.jpg" alt="Watrex: Streamline™ P1 Pump, PEEK." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Watrex_Streamline_P1_Pump_PEEK_dbc4418900.jpg 208w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="768"></figure><h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Flow Rates: 0.001 to 10.000 mL/min</li><li>Pressure: 0 to 6,000 psi (42 MPa)</li><li>Flow precision: &gt; 0.2% RSD</li><li>Flow accuracy: ± 1 % @ 1mL/min and 7 MPa,</li><li>Pressure accuracy: ± 2% of full-scale, with 80:20 H2O/IPA @ 7 MPa</li><li>Pulsation: ± 0.5 % @ 1mL/min and 7 MPa</li><li>Remote inputs: USB</li></ul>

Watrex Streamline™ PDA1 HPLC Detector, PEEK

Watrex Streamline™ PDA1 is a photo-diode-array (PDA) detector for routine analysis and sophisticated research.<blockquote>Price 9 972 € ex VAT</blockquote>The dual lamp design offers a wavelength range of 190 – 720 nm (256 Diodes) with a low baseline noise.The front-accessible flow cell can easily be exchanged, as can be the lamps which are accessible through a side panel in the instrument housing.Streamline™ PDA1 features 4-Wavelength channels to measure chromatograms at 4 different wavelengths at the same time. With this feature the optimum wavelength can be selected for each analyzed substance.<figure class="image"><img style="aspect-ratio:945/435;" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Watrex_Streamline_PDA_1_Photodiode_array_detector_3784ec588b.jpg" alt="Watrex: Streamline™ PDA1 Detector, Stainless Steel" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Watrex_Watrex_Streamline_PDA_1_Photodiode_array_detector_3784ec588b.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="945" height="435"></figure><h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Wetted Materials: Stainless Steel/ PEEK*, teflon, Glass (*depending on configuration)</li><li>Light Source: Deuterium Lamp, Tungsten Lamp</li><li>Wavelength Range: 190 – 720 nm</li><li>Number of Diodes: 256</li><li>Baseline Noise: ± 1 x 10-5 AU (@240 nm, 1 sec. risetime)</li><li>Baseline Drift: better than 3 x 10-4 AU/h</li><li>Wavelength Accuracy: 0.5 nm</li><li>Mean Pixel Pitch: 2.2 nm</li><li>Resolution: 7 nm</li><li>Linearity: higher than 2.0 AU</li><li>Data Rate: 1 Hz – 100 Hz</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/detectors/uv-vis-detectors/streamline-pda1-detector-256-diodes-2/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex Streamline™ UV1 HPLC detector, PEEK

The Streamline™ UV1 detector offers an excellent signal-to-noise ratio, making it ideal for demanding applications.

Watrex Streamline™ UV1 programmable UV/VIS detector exhibits excellent signal-to-noise ratio for even the most demanding applications. It is equipped with standard analytical cell. It has a 2-lamp source (deuterium + tungsten), variable wavelength detector configuration suitable for operation between 190 and 800 nm.<blockquote>Price 4 788 € ex VAT</blockquote><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Watrex_Streamline_UV_1_UV_VIS_detector_686c6c9937.jpg" alt="Watrex: Streamline™ UV1 detector, PEEK" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Watrex_Watrex_Streamline_UV_1_UV_VIS_detector_686c6c9937.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="945" height="436"><h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Light Source: Deuterium Lamp, Tungsten Lamp</li><li>Wavelength Range: 190 – 800 nm</li><li>Baseline Noise: 1 x 10-5 AU (@240 nm, 2 sec. risetime)</li><li>Baseline Drift: better than 3 x 10-4 AU/h</li><li>Wavelenghth Reproducibility: ± 0.1 nm</li><li>Linearity: better than 2.5 AU</li><li>Analog Output: 1x 1 V</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/detectors/uv-vis-detectors/streamline-uv1-detector-2/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Watrex Streamline™ P1q HPLC Pump, PEEK

Streamline P1g is a PEEK quaternary gradient pump that offers low pressure mixing of up to four mobile phase components with better than 1% accuracy.

Streamline P1g is a PEEK quaternary gradient pump that offers low pressure mixing of up to four mobile phase components with better than 1% accuracy.<blockquote>Price 10 572 € ex VAT</blockquote>An integrated four-channel degasser ensures trouble-free mixing and pumping of the mobile phase. In the analytical version of the pump, the flow rate range from 0.001 ml/min to 10 ml/min is adjustable to 0.001 ml/min with a maximum working pressure of&nbsp;35 MPa (5,000 psi). Flow rate adjustment accuracy is ±1% and flow rate variation is better than ±0.1%. A unique feature is an active piston and seal rinse that prevents crystallization of buffers.&nbsp;A touch screen display on the front panel allows intuitive control of the pump. The display shows flow rate and pumped composition. Pump control and gradient programming is provided by a software module in <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/999">Clarity software</a> (DataApex). The PRIME function is also directly available for flushing at increased flow rates.<figure class="image"><img style="aspect-ratio:800/600;" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Watrex_Streamline_P1q_HPLC_Pump_PEEK_c4ca5fdaa4.jpg" alt="Watrex: Streamline™ P1q HPLC Pump, PEEK" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Watrex_Streamline_P1q_HPLC_Pump_PEEK_c4ca5fdaa4.jpg 208w," sizes="100vw" width="800" height="600"></figure><h3>PUMP FEATURES</h3><ul><li>Each pump has a single stepper motor driven, dual head positive displacement pump (pump heads 180° out of phase)</li><li>PEEK pump heads and fluid path</li><li>Incorporates a diaphragm-type pulse damper, which reduces pulsation in the system by as much as 90% and includes an isolated pressure transducer (i.e., the transducer adds no dead volume).</li><li>Ruby/Sapphire Check Valves (1/16” ball)</li><li>Front panel flow adjustment in 0.001 mL/min increments</li><li>Upper and Lower Pressure Limits: Automatically turns the pump OFF if the system pressure exceeds the maximum pressure limit, or drops below minimum pressure limit</li><li>Microprocessor advanced control with advanced pre-compression algorithm and user calibration feature</li><li>Back panel USB communications port for complete control and status monitoring; Clarity Driver available</li><li>Automatic piston wash (self-flush)</li></ul><h3>TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION</h3><ul><li>Flow Rates: 0.001 ml/min – 10 ml/min with step 0.001 ml/min</li><li>Pressure: 35 MPa/5000 psi</li><li>Pulsation: ± 1% @ from 7 MPa to 42 MPa</li><li>Pressure Accuracy: ± 2% of full-scale, with IPA</li><li>Flow Accuracy:&nbsp;better than ± 1% @ 10mL/min</li><li>Flow Precision: better then 0.1% RSD or 0.2 min SD, whichever is greater, across the full flow range, 20 MPa, with degassed methanol</li><li>Gradient Accuracy:&nbsp;1 % (between 10% and 90% mixing ratios)</li><li>Remote control: USB</li><li>I/O connector:&nbsp;Start, Stop, Status, Error</li></ul>You can also visit this product on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://watrex.com/obchod/chromatography/pumps/gradient-pumps/streamline-p1q-pump-peek/?utm_source=labrulez&amp;utm_medium=propagace&amp;utm_campaign=labrulez_produkty">Watrex website</a>.

Products from category HPLC components distributed by WATREX Prague - page 3

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