<p><strong>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic chemicals that have been widely used since the 1940s in industries and consumer goods. They are found in products like water-repellent clothing, stain-resistant fabrics, cosmetics, firefighting foams, and grease-, water-, and oil-resistant items. For instance, PFAS are commonly present in non-stick cookware used in everyday life. Their persistence and long biological half-lives have resulted in measurable levels in nearly all people in developed countries, with associated PFAS human health effects reported worldwide.</strong></p><p>Evaluating PFAS health risks requires understanding their adverse health effects at real-world exposures, particularly during sensitive life stages, along with their modes of action, toxicokinetics, and dose-response relationships. This knowledge supports risk estimates that guide public health limits, exposure reduction, and environmental cleanup efforts.</p><h3><strong>Why are PFAS a Health Concern?</strong></h3><p>PFAS have a chemical structure with a perfluorinated carbon tail that repels both water and oil and an anionic head group that attracts water, making them highly resistant and persistent. As a result, they do not break down and instead accumulate in the bodies of people and animals worldwide through food and repeated exposures. They even bio-magnify through the food web. Growing evidence has raised concerns about the harmful effects of PFAS on human health.</p><p>In the human body, PFAS bind strongly to proteins due to their polar, hydrophobic nature and have been detected in serum, cord blood, and breast milk. Unlike many other bio-accumulative contaminants, they do not tend to accumulate in fat tissue.</p><h3><strong>PFAS Testing Techniques</strong></h3><p>PFAS have a chemical structure with a perfluorinated carbon tail that repels both water and oil and an anionic head group that attracts water, making them highly resistant and persistent. As a result, they do not break down and instead accumulate in the bodies of people and animals worldwide through food and repeated exposures. They even bio-magnify through the food web. Growing evidence has raised concerns about the harmful effects of PFAS on human health.</p><p>In the human body, PFAS bind strongly to proteins due to their polar, hydrophobic nature and have been detected in serum, cord blood, and breast milk. Unlike many other bio-accumulative contaminants, they do not tend to accumulate in fat tissue.</p><p>While animal studies show that most PFAS are primarily excreted through urine, renal clearance in humans is much slower, raising significant concerns for PFAS human health. The slow elimination contributes to the long-term effects of PFAS on humans.</p><p>PFAS have extended half-lives, with perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) persisting for approximately 3.5 years and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) for roughly 4.8 years. Some studies also report a range of 2.3 to 3.3 years. These findings highlight serious PFAS health risks, demanding the need for continued monitoring and risk assessment.</p><h3><strong>Known and Suspected Health Effects of PFAs in Humans</strong></h3><h4><strong>Immunological effects</strong></h4><p>Epidemiological studies have shown that PFAS exposure is linked to weakened immune responses, including reduced antibody levels after vaccinations such as diphtheria, tetanus, rubella, and mumps, with these effects persisting into adolescence and adulthood.</p><p>Prenatal and early-life exposure to PFAS has been linked to higher risks of infections such as airway, throat, and gastrointestinal illnesses, as well as conditions like atopic dermatitis. Overall, the evidence on PFAS and human health suggests that exposure to PFAS during infancy and childhood can suppress the immune system, though some effects may differ by sex.</p><h4><strong>Liver disease and cancer</strong></h4><p>The liver is a major site for long-chain PFAS accumulation, with experimental studies showing toxic effects such as fat infiltration in liver cells, apoptosis, disrupted fatty acid metabolism, and even tumor development. Animal toxicology and histology studies indicate that PFAS can alter liver metabolism, causing increased bile acid reuptake and lipid buildup. These findings demonstrate the effects of PFAS on liver function and long-term disease risk.</p><h4><strong>Kidney diseases</strong></h4><p>PFAS exposure has been consistently linked to higher uric acid levels, a biomarker of increased risk for kidney disease, in both adults and children. The prolonged half-lives of long-chain PFAS are largely due to strong kidney reabsorption. Human studies link legacy PFAS such as PFOA and PFOS exposure to reduced kidney function and chronic kidney disease. PFOA and PFOS health effects can also be seen in the body where these substances tend to accumulate in kidney tissues causing nephrotoxicity.</p><h4><strong>Reproductive outcomes</strong></h4><p>Exposure to PFOA has been linked to reduced sperm motility, lower sperm concentration and count, and hormonal changes in young men. PFAS can also cross the placenta and accumulate in breast milk, allowing transfer from mother to child. As a result, young children often have higher serum PFAS levels than their mothers.</p><h3><strong>How do PFAS enter the Environment and Food Chain?</strong></h3><p>Human exposure to PFAS occurs through multiple pathways. These may vary from exposure to indoor air and dust to ingestion of contaminated water and food, particularly in areas near industrial sites. Thus, PFAS human health concerns may arise from:</p><ul><li><strong>Water:</strong> PFAS contaminate public and private drinking water sources, rivers, and groundwater near industrial areas, landfills, and waste sites. Firefighting foams (AFFFs) used at airports, military bases, and training facilities are a major contributor, raising concerns about PFAS chemicals health effects on the communities dependent on these resources.</li><li><strong>Soil and Air: </strong>They spread through soil and air around hazardous waste sites, manufacturing facilities such as chrome plating, electronics, textiles, paper, and through biosolids used as fertilizers.</li><li><strong>Food:</strong> PFAS enter the food chain through contaminated fish, seafood, dairy, meat, crops, and animal products. Food packaging such as grease-resistant paper, fast-food wrappers, and microwave popcorn bags also contribute PFAS to the environment.</li><li><strong>Household and Consumer Products:</strong> Everyday items like stain- and water-resistant fabrics, non-stick cookware, cleaning agents, paints, sealants, and certain personal care products (shampoo, dental floss, cosmetics) release PFAS into homes.</li><li><strong>Exposure Pathways: </strong>This is an area of growing research, it is currently understood that people are being exposed to PFAS through various means, including drinking contaminated water, eating contaminated food, inhaling polluted air or dust, swallowing soil, using PFAS-containing products, or working in high-risk occupations such as firefighting and chemical manufacturing.</li></ul><h3><strong>Importance of Accurate PFAS Testing</strong></h3><p>Accurate<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.phenomenex.com/industries/pfas"><strong> PFAS testing solutions</strong></a> are essential to measure the presence of environmental chemicals and metabolites in human tissues and fluids. Testing can provide a clearer picture of total internal exposure from all sources and pathways. The wide diversity of PFAS, with varying chemical and physical properties, requires the development of tailored analytical procedures that depend on the sample type and medium.</p><p>The choice of biological sample depends on the specific PFAS of concern, with serum most often used to measure those with long half-lives, while urine or whole blood may be better for short-lived compounds. PFAS can also be detected in plasma, breast milk, and hair, each providing unique insights into exposure at different life stages. For example, hair can reflect historical exposures, and breast milk testing helps estimate infants intake, which is a significant concern for many communities that have been exposed to these substances.</p><p>Because PFAS detection limits are 1,000 times lower (ppt) than routine analyses (ppb), strict precautions such as verifying PFAS-free supplies are essential to prevent sample contamination, which can still occur from vendor or manufacturing changes. Extremely low detection limits and regulatory criteria is in the parts per trillion (ppt) range. Hence, field QC sample collection and analysis are crucial in investigating the effects of PFAS on humans.</p>

Health Risks Associated with PFAS Exposure

<div><div><p><strong>Scientists from UCT Prague contributed to a large-scale study showing that a small change in the so-called anticodon stem of transfer RNAs can expand their decoding capabilities – not only in eukaryotes but also in bacteria.</strong></p></div><div><p>Scientists from UCT Prague contributed to a large-scale study showing that even a small change in transfer RNA (tRNA) can fundamentally affect how a cell reads its genetic information. Computer simulations explained why certain tRNAs are able to ignore a signal that under normal circumstances marks the end of protein synthesis. Such tRNAs were previously known in higher organisms. The study, however, mapped how common these unusual tRNAs are in bacteria.</p><p>The genetic code is a&nbsp;set of rules by which cells translate genetic information during protein synthesis. Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) play a&nbsp;key role in this process, recognising short stretches of mRNA known as codons through their anticodon. In addition to amino acid codons, there is one start codon and several termination (stop) codons. Stop codons are not recognised by transfer RNAs but by specialised enzymes that terminate protein synthesis. Standard tRNAs have five nucleobase pairs in their so-called anticodon stem. Recently, however, it has emerged that some organisms carry functional tRNAs with only four pairs. These "shortened" variants can recognise even codons that, according to the classical rules, should not correspond to them.</p><p>An international team led by the <strong>Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences in České Budějovice</strong> analysed over <strong>42,000&nbsp;</strong>bacterial genomes and found that tRNAs with a&nbsp;four-pair stem occur in bacteria surprisingly often. In some cases, these variants likely enable the reading of the stop codon UGA as the amino acid tryptophan, a&nbsp;phenomenon previously associated mainly with unicellular eukaryotes.</p><p>The<strong> </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://kolar.vscht.cz/"><strong>Kolář group</strong></a><strong> </strong>at the <strong>Department of Physical Chemistry, UCT Prague</strong>, focused on the question of why a&nbsp;four-pair stem alters the decoding properties of tRNA. To address this, they employed atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, which make it possible to track the movement of every atom in a&nbsp;tRNA molecule over time.</p><p><strong>Jakub Žváček</strong>, a&nbsp;student on the Master's&nbsp;programme in Data Engineering in Chemistry, prepared a&nbsp;total of nine variants derived from the tryptophan tRNA of the bacterium Escherichia coli: the wild type with a&nbsp;five-pair stem, six mutants with a&nbsp;disrupted top base pair, and two previously described variants that promote reading of the stop codon UGA (the G24A&nbsp;and A9C&nbsp;mutations). The simulation results showed that disrupting the top base pair does not cause the overall three-dimensional structure of the tRNA to collapse. It remains stabilised by stacking interactions of neighbouring bases and non-canonical hydrogen bonds. The key finding, however, concerns a&nbsp;region at the interface of the D-arm and the stem – kind of hinge within the tRNA. In some mutants, the simulations revealed destabilisation of this region and increased flexibility of the anticodon stem, reminiscent of the behaviour of known mutations that promote stop codon readthrough. The simulations thus provided a&nbsp;structural explanation for the experimental observations and helped formulate predictions about which nucleotide combinations in the disrupted pair are functionally relevant.</p><p>The study proposed an extension of the so-called superwobble hypothesis to include non-canonical C:A&nbsp;pairing at the third codon position. If this hypothesis is confirmed for other types of tRNA as well, it will have profound implications for our understanding of how the genetic code — shared by all known organisms — has been shaped by evolution.</p><p>The results were published in the<strong> </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://academic.oup.com/nar/article/54/7/gkag327/8659125"><strong>Nucleic Acids Research</strong></a> (2026, 54, gkag327).</p></div><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VSCHT_Praha_Pocitacove_simulace_osvetlily_jak_neobvykle_t_RNA_meni_pravidla_cteni_genetickeho_kodu_f6de6700a0.jpg" alt="VŠCHT Prague: Computer simulations shed light on how unusual tRNAs change the rules of reading the genetic code: Molecular architecture of the transfer RNA with the 5th anticodon-stem base pair labelled. This base pair affects the decoding ability of the tRNA anticodon." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_VSCHT_Praha_Pocitacove_simulace_osvetlily_jak_neobvykle_t_RNA_meni_pravidla_cteni_genetickeho_kodu_f6de6700a0.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="759" height="268"></p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VSCHT_Praha_Pocitacove_simulace_osvetlily_jak_neobvykle_t_RNA_meni_pravidla_cteni_genetickeho_kodu_2_c4296b9015.jpg" alt="VŠCHT Prague: Computer simulations shed light on how unusual tRNAs change the rules of reading the genetic code: Analysis of anticodon stem flexibility showed that the mutation of the 5th nucleobase pair (C27A), which enables stop-codon readthrough, loosens the anticodon stem in a manner similar to the previously known Hirsh mutation G24A. Conversely, the C27U mutation does not loosen the stem, which correlates with the absence of this mutation in the genomes of bacteria containing tRNAs with 4bp stems." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_VSCHT_Praha_Pocitacove_simulace_osvetlily_jak_neobvykle_t_RNA_meni_pravidla_cteni_genetickeho_kodu_2_c4296b9015.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="759" height="196"></p><blockquote><h4><strong>Original article&nbsp;</strong></h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://academic.oup.com/nar/article/54/7/gkag327/8659125?login=false"><strong>Frequent occurrence and predicted functions of tRNAs with 4-base-pair anticodon stems in bacteria: extended superwobble hypothesis</strong></a></h4><p>Fadel Fakih, Satish Nandipati, Ambar Kachale, Jiří Heller, Jakub Žváček, Filip Brázdovič, Nawal Al-Chamy, Pragya Tripathi, Zdeněk Paris, Leoš Shivaya Valášek, Michal H Kolář, Vyacheslav Yurchenko, Marek Eliáš, Eugene V Koonin, Julius Lukeš, Anzhelika Butenko</p><p><i>Nucleic Acids Research</i>, Volume 54, Issue 7, 24 April 2026, gkag327</p><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkag327">https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkag327</a></p><h6>licenced by <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><strong>CC-BY 4.0</strong></a></h6></blockquote><h4><strong>Abstract</strong></h4><p>Recently, a tRNA<sup>Trp</sup><sub>CCA</sub> with a 4-base-pair (bp) anticodon stem (AS) was shown to efficiently recognize a near-cognate UGA codon in unicellular eukaryotes, such as some trypanosomatids and ciliates, thereby representing a novel codon reassignment mechanism. To determine whether this mechanism also evolved in bacteria, we analysed a dataset of 42 109 genomes, including previously reported cases of stop-to-tryptophan UGA reassignment and a newly identified instance in the phylum Patescibacteriota. We show that the 4-bp AS tRNA<sup>Trp</sup> species are present across diverse bacteria and in some cases likely function in decoding in-frame UGA codons. Most notable is the endosymbiotic bacterium <i>Candidatus</i> Zinderia insecticola, which contains only the near-cognate 4-bp AS tRNA<sup>Trp</sup><sub>CCA</sub>, while lacking both canonical 5-bp AS tRNA<sup>Trp</sup><sub>CCA</sub> and a tRNA<sup>Trp</sup><sub>UCA</sub>. The secondary structure of this 4-bp AS tRNA<sup>Trp</sup> resembles that of its eukaryotic counterpart, suggesting convergent evolution. We experimentally confirmed the UGA readthrough capacity of 4-bp AS tRNA<sup>Trp</sup><sub>CCA</sub> in <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and applied molecular dynamics simulations to suggest the underlying mechanism. Furthermore, we tested several predictions based on accepting the previously excluded possibility of C:A base pairing at the 3rd codon position. These findings provide new insights into the structural diversity of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and expand our understanding of genetic code evolution.</p></div>

Computer simulations shed light on how unusual tRNAs change the rules of reading the genetic code

<p><strong>Clarity 10.2 expands instrument control capabilities with new control modules and updates the MS extension to help you work more efficiently.</strong></p><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/999"><strong>Clarity</strong></a><strong> 10.2 highlights</strong></h4><ul><li>New and updated control modules</li><li>Improved MS data import and export</li><li>Obsolete hardware support ended</li></ul><h4><strong>Instrument control modules</strong></h4><p>Clarity 10.2 introduces new instrument control modules from Annuo (AS-3117, FAS-3823) and updated instrument controls form Sykam and Ecom.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Data_Apex_Instrument_control_modules_5de26782b0.jpg" alt="DataApex: Instrument control modules" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Data_Apex_Instrument_control_modules_5de26782b0.jpg 228w," sizes="100vw" width="380" height="260"></p><h4><strong>MS data import/export improvements</strong></h4><p>Clarity improves MS data exchange, especially for *.cdf files. MS instruments now support export and import of multiple spectral data and non-spectral signal data in the same CDF file. Import also better handles uniform sampling information, m/z Step values, scale factors, and file names with non-ASCII characters. Exporting individual chromatogram signals from MS instruments is now available through a separate Export Chromatogram dialog.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Data_Apex_MS_data_import_export_improvements_a7967a4020.jpg" alt="DataApex: MS data import-export improvements" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Data_Apex_MS_data_import_export_improvements_a7967a4020.jpg 228w," sizes="100vw" width="378" height="259"></p><h4><strong>Obsolete hardware support terminated</strong></h4><p>Due to changes in Windows driver security requirements, this update discontinues support for obsolete hardware, including INT7, INT9, U-PAD, U-PAD2, and CB20.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Data_Apex_Obsolete_hardware_support_terminated_24d9329419.jpg" alt="DataApex: Obsolete hardware support terminated" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Data_Apex_Obsolete_hardware_support_terminated_24d9329419.jpg 228w," sizes="100vw" width="378" height="259"></p><blockquote><p><strong>Explore the complete list of all changes, fixes, and additions in version 10.2.</strong></p><p><strong>👉</strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.dataapex.com/version_history?product=1"><strong>See the complete changelog&nbsp;</strong></a></p></blockquote>

Clarity Chromatography Software 10.2 released!

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Since 1991 DataApex develops and manufactures chromatography data stations. DataApex is constantly striving to provide users with efficient and up-to-date tools for chromatography data processing.

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The University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague is a natural centre of first-rate study and research in the area of chemistry in Czechia and is one of the country's largest educational and research institutions focused on technical chemistry, chemical and biochemical technologies, material and chemical engineering, food chemistry, and environmental studies.

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Thermo Scientific Orbitrap Exploris 480 Mass Spectrometer

Empowering life science researchers to translate each experimental step to a new level of insight with built-in workflows and single-cell sensitivity.

<p><strong>Empowering life science researchers to translate each experimental step to a new level of insight with built-in workflows and single-cell sensitivity. Accelerate your path to impactful results with a next-generation ownership experience coupled with an intelligence-driven experimental approach. Achieve a new standard in performance to study trace samples with extraordinary accuracy, certainty, confidence and simplicity. You'll find market leading quantitative performance to solve your most complex challenges with ease, and the proven qualitative performance you expect from Orbitrap- based mass spectrometry.</strong></p><p>From exploratory to targeted quantitation, find the power and reliability to make large scale studies possible, while reducing everyday hassles as you increase productivity. And achieving it all, remarkably, within a compact footprint. An extraordinary instrument, providing extraordinary results; the Thermo Scientific Orbitrap Exploris 480 mass spectrometer.</p><h4><strong>Key benefits of the Orbitrap Exploris 480 mass spectrometer</strong></h4><h5><strong>Next-generation experience</strong></h5><p>Built with next-generation common hardware and software architecture, the guiding principle of ultimate performance and ease of use delivers effortless access to the value contained within your data.</p><h5><strong>High performance, high-throughput insights</strong></h5><p>Adding greater performance and intelligence to market-leading selectivity and spectral quality imparts productivity, depth, and certainty to small and large- scale studies.</p><h5><strong>Robust performance and exceptional serviceability increase uptime</strong></h5><p>By design, exceptional end-to-end robustness minimizes need for performance-related maintenance, increasing uptime and sample throughput.</p><h5><strong>Ease-of-use and intelligence to empower all users</strong></h5><p>Differences in user expertise can be a challenge in many laboratories. Workflows based on intelligent data acquisition methods leverage new levels of instrument performance to deliver high confidence, and high throughput.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_Ion_path_and_key_components_of_the_Orbitrap_Exploris_480_mass_spectrometer_3f5791378c.webp" alt="Thermo Fisher Scientific: Ion path and key components of the Orbitrap Exploris 480 mass spectrometer" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_Ion_path_and_key_components_of_the_Orbitrap_Exploris_480_mass_spectrometer_3f5791378c.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="950" height="410"></p><div><h4><strong>How does the Orbitrap Exploris 480 MS enable greater data insights faster?</strong></h4></div><div><p>See what makes the Orbitrap Exploris 480 MS stand out, how it can empower all users to obtain the highest quality results and deepest insights with the least amount of effort; see how our breakthrough is now your breakthrough.</p></div><ul><li><strong>Next-Generation Instrument Design</strong></li><li><strong>Targeted Protein Quantitation Workflows with SureQuant IS</strong></li><li><strong>Advancing Accuracy, and Precision in Quantitative Proteomics through Multiplexing</strong></li><li><strong>Sub 1-ppm Mass Accuracy as Standard</strong></li><li><strong>Improved Performance through Instrument Enhancements</strong></li><li><strong>Intelligence-Driven Instrument Set-Up, Control and Data Acquisition</strong></li><li><strong>Visualize the Orbitrap Exploris Data Acquisition Modes</strong></li></ul><h4><strong>Optional features to maximize performance</strong></h4><p>Maximize performance and flexibility to expand experimental capabilities of the Orbitrap Exploris 480 mass spectrometer with multiple hardware and software options, allowing you to see more, quantify more, deliver more confidence and greater insights with even more productivity.</p><ul><li><strong>Enhance your Experimental Performance with the FAIMS Pro Duo interface</strong></li><li><strong>Comprehensive and confident biotherapeutic characterization</strong></li></ul><div data-uw-styling-context="true"><h4><strong>Data analysis made easy</strong></h4></div><div data-uw-styling-context="true"><p data-uw-styling-context="true">From complex proteomic challenges, quantitation with SureQuant and TMT multiplexing, through to complete biotherapeutic characterization, data analysis doesn’t have to be the bottleneck to accessing deeper insights into your high-quality MS data. Despite the numerous workflows involved in the analysis of proteins, there are flexible analysis tools which allow simple, yet confident, interpretation of your data to streamline your research and facilitate decision making to take your research to the next level.</p></div><ul><li><strong>Flexibly Identify and Quantify Proteins Based on your Workflow</strong></li><li><strong>The Right Path Towards Complete Biotherapeutic Characterization</strong></li><li><strong>Compliance and Enterprise Readiness with Chromeleon CDS Software</strong><br>&nbsp;</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Orbitrap Exploris 240 Mass Spectrometer

Maximize performance and flexibility to expand your experimental capabilities, allowing you to discover more, see more, quantify more, and deliver more confidence and greater insights with even more productivity.

<div container-id="cq-colctrl-lt8" comp-id="B2"><div><p><strong>Maximize performance and flexibility to expand your experimental capabilities, allowing you to discover more, see more, quantify more, and deliver more confidence and greater insights with even more productivity.</strong></p><p>Deliver on your objectives with performance to drive discovery and identification, plus receive the quantitative precision and accuracy you need to confidently scale up and achieve impact. With operational simplicity through intelligent data acquisition and processing, discover your fast track to confident results regardless of sample complexity, the depth of insights required or the presence of unknown compounds.</p><h4><strong>Application capabilities through instrument versatility</strong></h4><p>Maximize performance and flexibility to expand your experimental capabilities, allowing you to discover more, see more, quantify more, and deliver more confidence and greater insights with even more productivity.</p><ul><li><strong>Confident and comprehensive proteomic analyses</strong></li><li><strong>Translational proteomics: Scaling translational discoveries into reliable clinical applications</strong></li><li><strong>Comprehensive biotherapeutic characterization: Maximize biotherapeutic insights&nbsp;</strong></li><li><strong>Intact native mass analysis: Maximize biotherapeutic insights&nbsp;</strong></li><li><strong>Metabolomics workflows: One solution for all metabolics workflows&nbsp;</strong></li><li><strong>Clinical research: Translate qualitative and quantitative assays into future clinical applications</strong></li><li><strong>Food/beverage and environmental analyses: Fast-track to results with confidence&nbsp;</strong></li></ul><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_Thermo_Scientific_Orbitrap_Exploris_240_Mass_Spectrometer_a4d2d7771c.jpg" alt="Thermo Fisher Scientific: a) Quantitative experimental design for the analysis of a control and three knockout (KO) strains. b) The orthogonality of the FAIMS Pro interface shows improved peptide coverage when using a range of different CVs. c) Intensity ranking across five orders of quantitative dynamic range for the peptide spectrum matches provided by Proteome Discoverer software. d) Quantitative ratios for each of the samples, highlighting the relative abundance of the KO proteins." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_Thermo_Scientific_Orbitrap_Exploris_240_Mass_Spectrometer_a4d2d7771c.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="543"></p><div><h4><strong>Key benefits of the Orbitrap Exploris 240 mass spectrometer</strong></h4></div><div><p>Delivering actionable insights faster than ever before by combining proven benefits of Thermo Scientific Orbitrap technology, with sub 1-ppm mass accuracy and high resolution, with intelligent data acquisition and processing.</p></div><h5><strong>Everyday experimental flexibility</strong></h5><p>Discover workhorse versatility from confident proteomic and small-molecule identification and quantitation to biopharmaceutical characterization and in-depth sample-profiling.</p><h5><strong>Faster path to confident insights</strong></h5><p>Delivering actionable insights faster than ever before by combining proven benefits of Thermo Scientific Orbitrap technology, such as sub 1-ppm mass accuracy and high resolution, with intelligent data acquisition and processing.</p><h5><strong>Reliable, robust, and maintainable</strong></h5><p>Meet an exceptional system every day, one with versatility and operational simplicity, but that doesn’t compromise robustness and reliability so you can be confident in its ability to perform on long-term studies.</p><h5><strong>Focus on driving results with faster setup</strong></h5><p>Fully integrated instrument control, setup, and data processing, helps you focus on delivering actionable results while single-system calibrations and pre-defined method templates drive productivity.</p><blockquote><h5><strong>Top reasons to choose Orbitrap Exploris 240 MS over Q-TOF instrumentation</strong></h5><p>Others claim to set new standards in proteomics. Is Protein ID without quantitation sufficient for shotgun proteomics to provide biological insights? Meet the Orbitrap Exploris 240 mass spectrometer – with leading quantitative performance, sensitivity and versatility, designed to meet your needs.</p><p>Trust us to deliver technology innovations that are foundations of reliable workflows and solutions, along with publishable and actionable results.</p><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/cz/en/home/products-and-services/promotions/industrial/10-reasons-choose-orbitrap-exploris-over-qtof.html"><span><strong>Learn more</strong></span></a></li></ul></blockquote><h4><strong>Data Analysis with connectivity to drive productivity</strong></h4><p>From complex proteomic challenges, complete biotherapeutic characterization, or small-molecule discovery to everyday testing, data analysis is your gateway to accessing deeper insights into your high-quality MS and MS2 data. Despite the numerous workflows involved, there are flexible analysis tools for simple, confident interpretation of your data to streamline research and facilitate rapid decision making.</p><ul><li><strong>Flexibly identify and quantify proteins based on your workflow</strong></li><li><strong>Biopharmaceutical characterization with BioPharma Finder software</strong></li><li><strong>Streamline your small-molecule qualitative and quantitative assays</strong></li><li><strong>Small-molecule characterization with Compound Discoverer software</strong></li><li><strong>Complete screening and quantitation using Thermo Scientific TraceFinder software</strong></li><li><strong>Complete compliant control with Chromeleon CDS for MS</strong></li></ul></div></div>

Thermo Scientific Orbitrap Exploris 120 Mass Spectrometer

With its unique ability to provide consistently accurate data and a design made for operational simplicity, it sets the new standard in instrument productivity and ruggedness.

<p><strong>The proven Thermo Scientific Orbitrap technology in the Thermo Scientific Orbitrap Exploris 120 mass spectrometer accelerates your route to qualitative and quantitative confidence for both method development and everyday testing purposes. With its unique ability to provide consistently accurate data and a design made for operational simplicity, it sets the new standard in instrument productivity and ruggedness.</strong></p><h4><strong>Key benefits of the Orbitrap Exploris 120 mass spectrometer&nbsp;</strong></h4><h5><strong>Confidently perform high-throughput qualitative and quantitative analysis</strong></h5><p>Spend less time questioning your results with the unique ability of Orbitrap high-resolution, accurate-mass spectrometers (HRAM) to provide accurate results and reduce false positives or negatives. Confidently resolve ions of interest from interfering ions with high mass resolution up to 120,000 at m/z 200 for both method development and everyday testing analyses.</p><h5><strong>Keep your laboratory running seamlessly with the new standard in instrument ruggedness</strong></h5><p>Maximize return on your investment with capabilities that minimize downtime. Perform a single, stable calibration for the entire mass range from m/z 40-3000. With an improved scan rate up to 22 Hz, maximize your compound coverage with confidence. The ability to do both positive and negative mode switching ensures you analyze twice as many analytes in the same sample.</p><h5><strong>Focus on driving results with faster method set-up</strong></h5><p>Empower high-resolution MS users by giving them the ability to analyze samples using ready-to-run method templates. Minimize time spent on software training for Thermo Scientific MS users with a common software user interface for data acquisition.</p><h4><strong>How the Orbitrap Exploris 120 MS works</strong></h4><p>Discover how the Orbitrap Exploris 120 MS instrument enables you to prioritize your time on making critical decisions which impact the future of you or your client's organization. The latest instrument capabilities have been designed with the sole purpose of putting you on the fast path to accurate, reportable results. Leave the lab at the end of the day feeling productive and accomplished.</p><ul><li><strong>Uncover and quantify more suspect analytes</strong></li><li><strong>Sub-ppm mass accuracy as standard</strong></li><li><strong>System to system consistency</strong></li><li><strong>Robust performance</strong></li><li><strong>Maximize compound coverage with faster scan rates&nbsp;</strong></li><li><strong>Analyze samples twice as fast with rapid polarity switching&nbsp;</strong></li><li><strong>Intelligence-driven instrument setup, control and data acquisition&nbsp;</strong></li><li><strong>Quantitation: Which scan modes do I use on the instrument?</strong></li><li><strong>Take a video tour&nbsp;</strong></li></ul><div><h4><strong>Data analysis software: Streamline small molecule qualitative and quantitative assays</strong></h4></div><div><p>Connecting small molecule unknown identification and characterization through to screening and quantitation doesn’t just stop at data acquisition across multiple platforms. Now that you have acquired comprehensive, high-quality MS and MS<sup>2</sup> data, you need to identify and characterize unknowns and transfer discovery knowledge through to every day testing.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_Which_data_analysis_software_is_right_for_you_30a173dd7f.jpg" alt="Thermo Fisher Scientific: Which data analysis software is right for you?" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_Which_data_analysis_software_is_right_for_you_30a173dd7f.jpg 213w," sizes="100vw" width="1385" height="1016"></p><p>Our connected data processing software ecosystem streamlines interpretation of your high-confidence discovery data through powerful Thermo Scientific Compound Discoverer software with direct access to the world’s largest LC-MS<sup data-uw-styling-context="true">n</sup> reference spectral library, Thermo Scientific&nbsp;mzCloud, or through utilization of offline or proprietary libraries. These libraries act as your knowledge repository and allow direct transfer through to everyday screening and quantitation using Thermo Scientific&nbsp;TraceFinder software.</p><ul><li><strong>mzCloud Mass Spectral Library</strong></li><li><strong>Small molecule characterization with Compound Discoverer software</strong></li><li><strong>Complete screening and quantitation using TraceFinder software</strong></li><li><strong>Complete compliant control with Chromeleon CDS for MS</strong></li></ul><h4><strong>Common applications for Orbitrap Exploris 120 Mass Spectrometer</strong></h4><p>To perform method development and everyday testing with confidence, you need a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) workflow solution that is relevant to your laboratory’s goals. The Orbitrap Exploris 120 MS instrument can be used for a variety of applications, including clinical research, environmental and food safety, forensic toxicology, and pharmaceutical analysis.</p><ul><li><strong>Clinical Research</strong></li><li><strong>Forensic Toxicology</strong></li><li><strong>Drug Screening and Confirmation</strong></li><li><strong>Environmental Emerging Contaminants</strong></li><li><strong>Pesticide Residues Analysis</strong></li><li><strong>Veterinary Drugs Residues Analysis</strong></li><li><strong>Pharmaceutical applications</strong></li></ul></div>

Thermo Scientific Q Exactive Plus Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer

Thermo Scientific Q Exactive Plus Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer confidently and routinely characterize, quantify, and confirm in a single analysis using a single mass spectrometer.

<p><strong>Take Quanfirmation™ to the next level. The Thermo Scientific™ Q Exactive™ Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap™ Mass Spectrometer introduced the revolutionary concept of Quanfirmation. The Q Exactive™ Plus Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap™ Mass Spectrometer takes Quanfirmation to the next level with increased performance and new options that enhance applications from confident DMPK qual/quan screening studies to characterization of intact monoclonal antibodies.</strong></p><h5><strong>Superior Quantitation</strong></h5><ul><li><strong>Advanced quadrupole technology (AQT)</strong> improves precursor selection and transmission for more-accurate quantitation of low-abundance analytes in complex matrices</li><li><strong>Sophisticated data-independent acquisition (DIA)</strong> and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) deliver reproducible quantitation with complete qualitative confidence</li><li>An <strong>advanced active beam guide (AABG) </strong>reduces noise and extends maintenance intervals</li></ul><h5><strong>Enhanced Analysis of Intact Proteins</strong></h5><ul><li><strong>Optional intact protein mode</strong> provides superior trapping of large molecules for improved analysis of intact proteins and protein complexes</li><li><strong>Optional enhanced resolution </strong>ensures maximum ID confidence in top-down proteomics and lipidomics</li></ul><h5><strong>High-Confidence Results</strong></h5><ul><li><strong>HR/AM and full-scan capabilities </strong>capture all sample data, all of the time, enabling retrospective data analysis without need to re-run samples</li><li><strong>Resolving power up to 140,000 FWHM </strong>eliminates isobaric interferences, increasing confidence in results when analyzing samples in complex matrices</li><li><strong>Better than 1-ppm mass accuracy</strong> in full- and all-ion fragmentation (AIF) scan modes ensures confident compound identification</li><li><strong>Fast scanning at 12 Hz</strong> and spectral multiplexing suited to UHPLC applications</li><li><strong>Rapid polarity switching</strong> maximizes information obtained</li><li><strong>AIF and multiple dissociation techniques</strong> — in-source CID and HCD — aid in compound identification</li><li><strong>Mass range to 6000 m/z </strong>enhances detection of singly charged small molecules and biomolecules</li><li><strong>More than four orders of magnitude</strong> intrascan dynamic range, along with femtogram-level sensitivity, allow detection of trace-level and high-abundance compounds in the same scan</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific™ Orbitrap Fusion™ Tribrid™ Mass Spectrometer

Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid MS combines quadrupole, ion trap, and Orbitrap analyzers for ultra-flexible MSⁿ workflows, enabling deep proteomics, PTM analysis, and confident structural elucidation.

<h4><strong>Revolutionary tribrid architecture for comprehensive structural analysis and deep proteome coverage</strong></h4><p>The Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid mass spectrometer combines a quadrupole, a linear ion trap, and an Orbitrap mass analyzer in a unique architecture that delivers unmatched analytical performance. It provides life scientists with advanced MS<sup>n</sup> capabilities, flexibility in fragmentation techniques, and exceptional resolution and speed — ideal for tackling the most complex analytical challenges in proteomics, PTMs, metabolomics, lipidomics, and small molecule research.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Pragolab_Thermo_Orbitrap_Fusion_Tribrid_hmotnostni_spektrometr_e93c577ae5/Pragolab-Thermo-Orbitrap-Fusion-Tribrid-hmotnostni-spektrometr.webp" alt="Thermo Scientific™ Orbitrap Fusion™ Tribrid™ Mass Spectrometer" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Pragolab_Thermo_Orbitrap_Fusion_Tribrid_hmotnostni_spektrometr_e93c577ae5/thumbnail_Pragolab-Thermo-Orbitrap-Fusion-Tribrid-hmotnostni-spektrometr.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1914" height="1059"></p><h3><strong>Key Features and Benefits</strong></h3><h4>🔬 <strong>Revolutionary Tribrid Design</strong></h4><ul><li>Combines <strong>quadrupole</strong>, <strong>linear ion trap</strong>, and <strong>Orbitrap</strong> analyzers</li><li>Perform <strong>MSⁿ up to n = 10</strong> with detection in either ion trap or Orbitrap</li><li>Fragmentation options: <strong>CID</strong>, <strong>HCD</strong>, <strong>ETD</strong>, and <strong>EThcD</strong> at any MS stage</li><li><strong>Synchronous Precursor Selection (SPS)</strong>: up to <strong>20 precursors per scan</strong> for MS³</li></ul><h4>⚙️ <strong>High Performance &amp; Resolution</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Resolving power up to 500,000 FWHM</strong> at m/z 200</li><li><strong>&lt;1 ppm</strong> mass accuracy with EASY-IC™ internal calibration</li><li><strong>Polarity switching in 1.1 s full cycle</strong></li><li><strong>Scan speeds up to 20 Hz</strong> for Orbitrap and ion trap MSn</li></ul><h4>🧪 <strong>Versatility in Applications</strong></h4><ul><li>Analyze <strong>low-abundance</strong>, <strong>high-complexity</strong>, or structurally complex samples</li><li>Confidently resolve <strong>isobaric interferences</strong> and detect <strong>PTMs</strong></li><li>Full compatibility with <strong>intact protein analysis</strong>, glycoproteomics, and TMT SPS-MS³ quantitation workflows</li></ul><h4>🔁 <strong>Efficient Ion Handling</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>EASY-Max NG</strong> or <strong>NanoSpray Flex NG</strong> ion sources</li><li><strong>Active Beam Guide</strong> and <strong>S-Lens</strong> for efficient ion transmission</li><li><strong>Dynamic Scan Management</strong> optimizes scan scheduling and parallelization</li></ul><h4>💡 <strong>Ease of Use</strong></h4><ul><li>Intuitive <strong>Tune and Method Editors</strong></li><li>Method templates for routine and advanced workflows</li><li><strong>Quanfirmation</strong>: HRAM SIM for quantitation + ion trap MS/MS for confirmation</li><li>Automated calibration, AGC, and exclusion logic</li></ul><h4>🧬 <strong>Compatible Software</strong></h4><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1758"><strong>Xcalibur™</strong></a><strong>, </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1782"><strong>Proteome Discoverer™</strong></a><strong>, </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1756"><strong>ProSight™</strong></a><strong>, </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1757"><strong>Mass Frontier™</strong></a><strong>, </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1759"><strong>Compound Discoverer™</strong></a>, and others</li><li>Support for data-dependent, targeted, and deconvolution workflows</li></ul><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Pragolab_Thermo_Orbitrap_Fusion_Tribrid_hmotnostni_spektrometr_2_3d7accb56e/Pragolab-Thermo-Orbitrap-Fusion-Tribrid-hmotnostni-spektrometr-2.webp" alt="Thermo Scientific™ Orbitrap Fusion™ Tribrid™ Mass Spectrometer" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Pragolab_Thermo_Orbitrap_Fusion_Tribrid_hmotnostni_spektrometr_2_3d7accb56e/thumbnail_Pragolab-Thermo-Orbitrap-Fusion-Tribrid-hmotnostni-spektrometr-2.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1038" height="622"></p>

Thermo Scientific™ Orbitrap Fusion™ Lumos™ Tribrid™ Mass Spectrometer

The Orbitrap Fusion Lumos Tribrid MS combines quadrupole, ion trap, and Orbitrap analyzers for high-resolution, ultra-sensitive MSn workflows in proteomics, metabolomics, and biopharma.

<h4><strong>The most powerful tribrid MS platform for deep, multidimensional analysis in proteomics, metabolomics, and structural biology</strong></h4><p>The <strong>Orbitrap Fusion Lumos Tribrid MS</strong> is a cutting-edge mass spectrometer that combines a quadrupole, a linear ion trap, and an Orbitrap™ high-resolution accurate-mass analyzer in a single platform. With unmatched sensitivity, selectivity, and versatility, it enables scientists to tackle complex biological questions with confidence—whether in discovery proteomics, targeted quantitation, top-down protein analysis, glycoproteomics, lipidomics, or small molecule research.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Pragolab_Thermo_Orbitrap_Fusion_Lumos_Tribrid_hmotnostni_spektrometr_1_39be5478b4/Pragolab-Thermo-Orbitrap-Fusion-Lumos-Tribrid-hmotnostni-spektrometr-1.webp" alt="Thermo Scientific™ Orbitrap Fusion™ Lumos™ Tribrid™ Mass Spectrometer" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Pragolab_Thermo_Orbitrap_Fusion_Lumos_Tribrid_hmotnostni_spektrometr_1_39be5478b4/thumbnail_Pragolab-Thermo-Orbitrap-Fusion-Lumos-Tribrid-hmotnostni-spektrometr-1.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1823" height="1068"></p><h3>🔬 <strong>Unmatched Analytical Performance</strong></h3><ul><li><strong>&gt;500,000 resolution</strong> with Orbitrap Ultra-High Field analyzer</li><li><strong>Sub-ppm mass accuracy</strong> with real-time calibration</li><li><strong>Attomole-level quantification</strong> using PRM and DIA</li><li><strong>High sensitivity MS/MS</strong> with HCD, CID, ETD, EThcD, and new ETD HD fragmentation</li></ul><h3>🔄 <strong>Flexibility Across Workflows</strong></h3><ul><li><strong>Tribrid architecture</strong>: combine quadrupole precursor selection, ion trap MSn, and Orbitrap detection</li><li><strong>DIA, PRM, and SPS-MS3</strong> quantification workflows with isobaric tags (e.g., TMT, TMTpro)</li><li><strong>Top-down intact protein analysis</strong> with high sequence coverage</li><li><strong>Fast polarity switching</strong> and intelligent acquisition for lipidomics</li></ul><h3>🧪 <strong>Ideal for Multi-Omics and PTMs</strong></h3><ul><li>Deep profiling of <strong>glycopeptides</strong>, <strong>phosphoproteins</strong>, and other post-translational modifications</li><li>Resolution of <strong>isobaric isoforms</strong>, methylation patterns, and histone modifications</li><li>Confident structure elucidation of small molecules with fine isotope resolution</li></ul><h3>💡 <strong>Smart Technology for Productivity</strong></h3><ul><li><strong>Advanced Quadrupole Technology</strong> (AQT) for high transmission and selectivity</li><li><strong>Automatic gain control (AGC)</strong> for optimal ion population</li><li><strong>Easy ETD™ source</strong> and <strong>vent-free maintenance</strong> with source plug</li><li><strong>Method templates and visual method editor</strong> for intuitive setup</li></ul><h3>🧬 <strong>Applications</strong></h3><ul><li>Quantitative and discovery proteomics (e.g., large-scale TMT SPS-MS3)</li><li>Structural characterization of antibodies and proteoforms</li><li>Targeted metabolite quantitation and small molecule identification</li><li>Comprehensive glycoproteomics and lipidomics workflows</li></ul><h3>🧷 <strong>Software Compatibility</strong></h3><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1758"><strong>Xcalibur™</strong></a> and <strong>Tune</strong> for control and calibration</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1782"><strong>Proteome Discoverer™</strong></a><strong>, </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1756"><strong>ProSight™</strong></a><strong>, </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/77"><strong>TraceFinder™</strong></a><strong>, </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1757"><strong>Mass Frontier™</strong></a><strong>, </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1759"><strong>Compound Discoverer™</strong></a> for data analysis across omics</li></ul><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Pragolab_Thermo_Orbitrap_Fusion_Lumos_Tribrid_hmotnostni_spektrometr_3_7458a4eb26/Pragolab-Thermo-Orbitrap-Fusion-Lumos-Tribrid-hmotnostni-spektrometr-3.webp" alt="Thermo Scientific™ Orbitrap Fusion™ Lumos™ Tribrid™ Mass Spectrometer" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Pragolab_Thermo_Orbitrap_Fusion_Lumos_Tribrid_hmotnostni_spektrometr_3_7458a4eb26/thumbnail_Pragolab-Thermo-Orbitrap-Fusion-Lumos-Tribrid-hmotnostni-spektrometr-3.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="2578" height="1296"></p>

Products from category Orbitrap spectrometers - page 2

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