EU Regulation 396/2005: Pesticide Residue Testing and the Critical Role of QuEChERS Evaporation in Food Safety

<div><div>Researchers led by <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://kudova.group.uochb.cz/en">Eva Kudová</a> from IOCB Prague and Jitka Viktorová from UCT Prague have identified new androstane-based steroid derivatives that can significantly improve the effectiveness of existing antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.</div></div><div>The team screened dozens of natural steroidal hormones and synthetic derivatives to see whether they could block bacterial efflux pumps – mechanisms that bacteria use to eject antibiotics and survive treatment. Two compounds emerged as particularly promising: they inhibited efflux pumps and lowered the effective doses of antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin and erythromycin.Further analysis showed that one of the compounds also suppressed genes linked to bacterial virulence. Another key finding is that the most active molecules are non-toxic to human immune cells and showed no detectable endocrine activity, suggesting a favorable safety profile.These findings support the idea that rationally designed steroid-based molecules could act as antibiotic adjuvants, helping existing drugs overcome bacterial resistance.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/IOCB_Prague_Steroidal_hormones_and_neurosteroids_novel_therapeutic_strategies_in_bacterial_infections_8e5d2a7b48.jpg" alt="IOCB Prague: Steroidal hormones and neurosteroids – novel therapeutic strategies in bacterial infections" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_IOCB_Prague_Steroidal_hormones_and_neurosteroids_novel_therapeutic_strategies_in_bacterial_infections_8e5d2a7b48.jpg 222w," sizes="100vw" width="1258" height="886"><blockquote><h4>Original Article</h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0223523426001613?via%3Dihub">Steroidal hormones and neurosteroids - novel therapeutic strategies in bacterial infections: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation</a></h4>Daniela Brdová, Bára Křížkovská, Jan Špaček, Zdeněk Míchal, Eva Jablonská, Ondřej Strnad, Hana Chodounská, Eszter Szánti-Pintér, Marina Morozovová, Václav Hanžl, Jan Tkadlec, Martijn Riool, Jan Lipov, Jitka Viktorová, Eva Kudová&nbsp;Eur. J. Med. Chem., 2026, 308, 118716<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2026.118716">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2026.118716</a><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY 4.0</a></h6></blockquote><h4>Abstract</h4>The global rise of antibiotic resistance necessitates novel therapeutic strategies for infectious diseases. Inhibition of bacterial efflux pumps, which contribute to multidrug resistance, represents a promising approach to restore or even increase the efficacy of existing antibiotics. Using fluorescence-based ethidium bromide accumulation, broth microdilution, and checkerboard assays, we evaluated 26 endogenous steroidal hormones and neurosteroids, along with 30 synthetic derivatives, for their ability to enhance antibiotic susceptibility in multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Structure-activity relationship analysis identified compounds 13 and 16 as lead candidates, exhibiting strong efflux pump inhibition and marked reductions in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin and erythromycin. Both compounds showed additive effects in checkerboard assays. Modifications at C-3 (polar substitution) and C-17 (3α,5β-stereochemistry and nonpolar substitution) were essential for potent efflux inhibition and sensitization, although these modifications were not additive when combined. Transcriptome analysis further revealed that compound 13 significantly downregulated S. aureus virulence-associated genes when administered alone or in combination with antibiotics. Cytotoxicity assessment in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and receptor transactivation assays for estrogen, androgen, and progesterone receptors indicated that the most active derivatives were non-toxic and lacked detectable endocrine activity, suggesting a favorable safety profile. Overall, these findings support the concept that rationally designed andostane-based steroidal scaffolds can function as competitive bacterial efflux pump inhibitors and serve as potential antibiotic adjuvants to mitigate efflux-mediated resistance.<h4>Instrumentation</h4><h5>Structural characterization</h5><ul><li>AVANCE III 400 MHz NMR spectrometer (Bruker)</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=3&amp;search=LTQ+Orbitrap+XL">LTQ Orbitrap XL HRMS</a> (Thermo Fisher Scientific, ESI)</li></ul></div>

Steroidal hormones and neurosteroids – novel therapeutic strategies in bacterial infections

Metformin is currently the first-line oral drug of choice for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It reduces glucose production in the liver, improves tissue sensitivity to insulin, and does not cause weight gain or hypoglycemia, which sets it apart from some other antidiabetic drugs. Moreover, its long-term beneficial effects on the risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes have been well established. Researchers from the Institute of Physiology CAS (IPHYS) have identified a new group of blood metabolites that could help physicians objectively monitor whether patients with type 2 diabetes are taking their metformin as prescribed.<h4>New biomarkers for metformin use</h4>A team led by Tomáš Čajka from the Laboratory of Translational Metabolism at IPHYS analyzed plasma samples from 637 patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin and 143 non-diabetic controls using advanced metabolomics and lipidomics. Among 614 detected metabolites, they identified five from the group of N-lactoyl-amino acids (e.g. N‑lactoyl-phenylalanine), which had previously been seen as unknown signals due to missing reference spectra in databases. The levels of these metabolites in the blood closely reflected the plasma concentrations of metformin. In patients with the highest metformin exposure, the concentrations of these metabolites were up to 7.2 times higher than in controls.<h4>A sensitive “fingerprint” of the drug’s effect</h4>N-Lactoyl-amino acids are formed in cells by combining lactate and amino acids, thus reflecting the metformin-induced changes in cellular energy metabolism. “Importantly, even though they occur in plasma only at nanomolar concentrations, they reliably distinguish patients who take metformin regularly from those who take it irregularly or not at all,” emphasizes T. Čajka.<h4>Metabolomics in practice and international collaboration</h4>The study also provides a detailed description of broader metabolic changes in type 2 diabetes, including increases in lactate, organic acids, and branched-chain amino acids, as well as extensive remodelling of the lipid profile. In addition to T. Čajka’s team, collaborators from the Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine in Prague and the West Coast Metabolomics Center (University of California, Davis) also participated in the study.The results demonstrate that advanced metabolomics approaches developed at IPHYS within the CarDia project can find highly practical applications both in clinical studies and in personalized monitoring of treatment in patients with diabetes.<blockquote><h4>The original article</h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cpt.70205">Untargeted Metabolomics Identifies N-Lactoyl-Amino Acids as Dose-Responsive Plasma Biomarkers of Metformin Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes</a></h4>Tomas Cajka, Jiri Hricko, Lucie Rudl Kulhava, Michaela Paucova, Michaela Novakova, Veronika Hola, Stanislava Rakusanova, Oliver Fiehn, Vojtech Skop, Ivana Lankova, Iva Miskova, Terezie Pelikanova, Martin HaluzikClin Pharmacol Ther, 119: 1057-1069<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.70205">https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.70205</a><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY 4.0</a></h6></blockquote><h4>Abstract</h4>Metformin is the most widely prescribed antidiabetic drug, yet adherence remains difficult to objectively assess. Using untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics, we analyzed plasma from 637 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with confirmed metformin use and 143 nondiabetic controls, annotating 614 metabolites. Patients were stratified by plasma metformin into sub-therapeutic, therapeutic, and supra-therapeutic groups, and associations were evaluated by multiple linear regression and composite metabolite ranking. Five previously unannotated features were structurally identified as N-lactoyl-amino acids, whose levels correlated strongly with plasma metformin (ρ = 0.42–0.55, P &lt; 0.0001) and increased up to 7.2-fold in the supra-therapeutic group (&gt; 2000 ng/mL). While N-lactoyl-amino acids were consistently detected in the nanomolar range, they still displayed robust and dose-dependent associations with metformin. Broader metabolic changes in T2D included elevated lactate, organic acids, and branched-chain amino acids, together with reduced urea cycle metabolites. Lipidomics showed increases in saturated triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols and decreases in cholesteryl esters, sphingomyelins, and phospholipids. These findings establish N-lactoyl-amino acids as robust, dose-responsive plasma biomarkers of metformin exposure. Despite being up to four orders of magnitude less abundant than their amino acid precursors, they sensitively reflect mitochondrial lactate overflow and pharmacodynamic adaptation, offering objective assessment of adherence.

New blood biomarkers reveal how faithfully diabetes patients take metformin

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The Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS) was established by Act No. 283/1992 Coll. as the Czech successor of the former Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences. It is set up as a complex of 54 public research institutions.

Czech Academy of Sciences

The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IOCB Prague) is a leading scientific institution in the Czech Republic, recognized internationally. Its primary mission is basic research in the fields of chemical biology and medicinal chemistry, organic and material oriented chemistry, chemistry of natural compounds, biochemistry and molecular biology, physical chemistry, theoretical chemistry, and analytical chemistry. 

Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences

Organomation, founded in 1959, designs and manufactures high-quality nitrogen evaporators and extraction systems. Known for innovation and durability, their lab instruments are used globally for efficient sample preparation with strong customer support.

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Eaton 9SX6KI UPS backup power source

The Eaton 9SX6KI is an online double-conversion UPS (6000 VA / 5400 W) delivering stable power, up to 94% efficiency, and support for external battery modules for critical applications.

The Eaton 9SX6KI is a high-performance online double-conversion UPS designed to provide continuous power protection for critical equipment in IT, industrial, and laboratory applications. It delivers a stable sine wave output with precise voltage and frequency regulation, ensuring maximum reliability even under fluctuating input conditions.With efficiency of up to 94% at full load, it helps reduce operating costs. The internal bypass ensures power continuity in case of a fault, while advanced battery management (ABM) extends battery life and optimizes charging cycles. The Eaton 9SX6KI UPS supports connection of <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/2311">external battery modules</a>(EBM).The unit features a clear multilingual LCD display and a wide range of communication options including USB, RS232, and dry contacts. Its compact tower design allows easy integration into various environments.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eaton_9_SX_5_KI_UPS_5d65894bb5.jpg" alt="Eaton 9SX6KI UPS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eaton_9_SX_5_KI_UPS_5d65894bb5.jpg 172w," sizes="100vw" width="654" height="592"><h3>Key features</h3><ul><li>Online double-conversion UPS</li><li>6000 VA / 5400 W output power</li><li>Efficiency up to 94%</li><li>Sine wave output with low distortion (≤3%)</li><li>Internal bypass</li><li>ABM battery management (extended battery life)</li><li>Support for external battery modules (EBM)</li><li>Multilingual LCD display</li><li>Communication interfaces: USB, RS232, relay contacts</li><li>Slot for optional communication card</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eaton_9_SX_5_KI_UPS_3_221b7b4131.jpg" alt="Eaton 9SX6KI UPS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eaton_9_SX_5_KI_UPS_3_221b7b4131.jpg 156w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="1000"><h3>Technical specifications</h3><h4>General</h4><ul><li>Model: Eaton 9SX6KI</li><li>Part number: 9SX6KI</li><li>Form factor: Tower</li><li>Color: Black</li><li>Efficiency: up to 94%</li><li>Internal bypass: Yes</li><li>Phase (input/output): 1 / 1</li><li>Certifications:<ul><li>IEC/EN 62040-1</li><li>IEC/EN 62040-2</li><li>CE</li><li>EAC</li></ul></li></ul><h4>Electrical input</h4><ul><li>Input voltage range: 176–276 V (120–276 V with derating)</li><li>Nominal voltage: default 230 V (200/208/220/230/240 V)</li><li>Input frequency range: 40–70 Hz</li><li>Nominal frequency: 50/60 Hz</li><li>Input power factor: &gt;0.99</li><li>Connection: Hardwired / terminal block</li></ul><h4>Electrical output</h4><ul><li>Power rating: 6000 VA / 5400 W</li><li>Output voltage: 230 V (200/208/220/230/240 V) ±2%</li><li>Output frequency: 50/60 Hz</li><li>Power factor: 0.9</li><li>Waveform: Sine wave</li><li>THD: ≤3%</li><li>Topology: Online / double conversion</li></ul><h4>Battery</h4><ul><li>Type: Sealed lead-acid (VRLA)</li><li>Quantity: 20 × 12 V / 7 Ah</li><li>Management: ABM with temperature compensation</li><li>Features: Automatic battery test, deep discharge protection</li><li>Expandability: External battery modules (EBM)</li><li>Replacement: User-replaceable</li><li>Runtime graph: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="http://eg.eaton.com/ups-battery-runtime/en-gb/9SX6KI">runtime graph</a></li></ul><h4>Communication</h4><ul><li>USB: Yes (HID compatible)</li><li>RS232: Yes</li><li>Dry contacts: Yes (2 outputs, 1 input)</li><li>RPO: Yes (remote power off)</li><li>Expansion slot: 1× for communication card</li><li>Software: Eaton Intelligent Power Manager, Intelligent Power Protector</li></ul><h4>Physical parameters</h4><ul><li>Dimensions (H × W × D): 57.5 × 24.4 × 54.2 cm</li><li>Weight: 65.5 kg</li></ul><h4>Operating conditions</h4><ul><li>Noise level: &lt;46 dB (at 1 m)</li><li>Temperature: 0–40 °C</li><li>Relative humidity: 0–96% non-condensing</li><li>Altitude: up to 3000 m</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eaton_9_SX_5_KI_UPS_4_abfc77eb36.jpg" alt="Eaton 9SX6KI UPS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eaton_9_SX_5_KI_UPS_4_abfc77eb36.jpg 223w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="701">

Eaton 9SX 5000i RT3U G2 UPS

The Eaton 9SX 5000i RT3U G2 is an online double-conversion UPS (5000 VA / 5000 W) with up to 96.7% efficiency and flexible rack/tower installation.

The Eaton 9SX 5000i RT3U G2 (9SX5KIRT3UG2) is a modern online double-conversion UPS designed to protect critical equipment in IT, industrial, and laboratory environments. Its rack/tower (3U) design allows flexible installation in server racks or standalone use.The UPS delivers a stable sine wave output with minimal distortion and precise voltage and frequency regulation. With efficiency up to 96.7%, it significantly reduces operating costs. The internal bypass ensures power continuity in case of failure, while advanced ABM+ battery management extends battery life and optimizes charging cycles.The unit supports <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/2311">external battery modules</a> (EBMs) to extend runtime and offers comprehensive communication options including USB, RS232, RPO, and dry contacts. A multilingual graphical LCD display ensures easy monitoring and control.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_11_6f1e0b00ba.jpg" alt="Eaton 9SX 5000i RT3U G2 UPS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_11_6f1e0b00ba.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="336"><h3>Key features</h3><ul><li>Online double-conversion UPS</li><li>5000 VA / 5000 W output (power factor 1.0)</li><li>High efficiency up to 96.7%</li><li>Rack/tower design (3U, 19")</li><li>Sine wave output with low distortion (≤1%)</li><li>Internal bypass</li><li>Advanced ABM+ battery management</li><li>Expandable with external battery modules (EBM)</li><li>Multilingual graphical LCD display</li><li>Communication: USB, RS232, ROO, dry contacts</li><li>Slot for communication card</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_9_45a7fd32ff.jpg" alt="Eaton 9SX 5000i RT3U G2 UPS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_9_45a7fd32ff.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="281"><h3>Technical specifications</h3><h4>General</h4><ul><li>Model: 9SX5KIRT3UG2</li><li>Model code: Eaton 9SX 5000i RT3U G2</li><li>Form factor: Rack/tower (3U, 19")</li><li>Color: Black</li><li>Efficiency: up to 96.7%</li><li>Internal bypass: Yes</li><li>Certifications: IEC/EN 62040-1, -2, -3, ENERGY STAR, CE, cULus, UKCA, RCM, KCC, BSMI</li><li>Package contents:&nbsp;<ul><li>UPS</li><li>(2) cable glands</li><li>(2) IEC-IEC output cables (1,2 m)</li><li>USB cable (1,8 m)</li><li>Cable locking systems</li><li>Supports for tower mounting</li><li>Rack-mounting kit with brackets and slides for UPS</li><li>Safety instructions</li><li>Quickstart guide</li></ul></li></ul><h4>Electrical input</h4><ul><li>Input voltage range: 176–276 V (100–276 V with derating)</li><li>Input frequency range: 40–70 Hz</li><li>Nominal frequency: 50/60 Hz</li><li>Input power factor: &gt;0.99</li></ul><h4>Electrical output</h4><ul><li>Power rating: 5000 VA / 5000 W</li><li>Output voltage: 230 V (200/208/220/230/240 V)</li><li>Output power factor: 1.0</li><li>Waveform: Sine wave</li><li>THD (linear load): ≤1%</li><li>Topology: Online / double conversion</li><li>Receptacles: 8× IEC C13, 3× IEC C19, terminal block</li></ul><h4>Battery</h4><ul><li>Type: Sealed lead-acid (VRLA)</li><li>Quantity: 15 × 12 V / 5 Ah</li><li>Management:<ul><li>ABM+ (Predictive battery life) &amp; Temperature compensated charging method (user selectable)</li><li>Automatic battery test</li><li>Deep discharge protection</li><li>Automatic recognition of external battery units</li></ul></li><li>Expandability: External battery modules (EBM)</li><li>Replacement: Hot-swappable</li><li>Runtime graph: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://eg.eaton.com/ups-battery-runtime/en-gb/9SX5KIRT3UG2">runtime graph</a></li></ul><h4>Communication</h4><ul><li>USB: Yes (HID compliant)</li><li>RS232: Yes</li><li>RPO (remote power off): Yes</li><li>ROO (remote on/off): Yes</li><li>Dry contacts: Yes (2 outputs, 1 input)</li><li>Expansion slot: 1</li><li>Software: Eaton Brightlayer</li></ul><h4>Physical parameters</h4><ul><li>Dimensions (D × H × W): 684 × 130 × 440 mm</li><li>Weight: 43.1 kg</li></ul><h4>Operating conditions</h4><ul><li>Noise level: &lt;40 dB</li><li>Temperature: 0–40 °C</li><li>Humidity: 0–95% non-condensing</li><li>Altitude: up to 3000 m</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_10_bda3c23d56.jpg" alt="Eaton 9SX 5000i RT3U G2 UPS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_10_bda3c23d56.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="611">

Eaton 9SX 6000i RT3U G2 UPS

The Eaton 9SX 6000i RT3U G2 is an online double-conversion UPS (6000 VA / 6000 W) with up to 96.5% efficiency and flexible rack/tower installation.

The Eaton 9SX 6000i RT3U G2 (9SX6KIRT3UG2) is a modern online double-conversion UPS designed to protect critical equipment in IT, industrial, and laboratory environments. Its rack/tower (3U) design allows flexible installation in server racks or standalone use.The UPS delivers a stable sine wave output with minimal distortion and precise voltage and frequency regulation. With efficiency up to 96.5%, it significantly reduces operating costs. The internal bypass ensures power continuity in case of failure, while advanced ABM+ battery management extends battery life and optimizes charging cycles.The unit supports <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/2311">external battery modules</a> (EBMs) to extend runtime and offers comprehensive communication options including USB, RS232, RPO, and dry contacts. A multilingual graphical LCD display ensures easy monitoring and control.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_11_6f1e0b00ba.jpg" alt="Eaton 9SX 6000i RT3U G2 UPS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_11_6f1e0b00ba.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="336"><h3>Key features</h3><ul><li>Online double-conversion UPS</li><li>6000 VA / 6000 W output (power factor 1.0)</li><li>High efficiency up to 96.5%</li><li>Rack/tower design (3U, 19")</li><li>Sine wave output with low distortion (≤1%)</li><li>Internal bypass</li><li>Advanced ABM+ battery management</li><li>Expandable with external battery modules (EBM)</li><li>Multilingual graphical LCD display</li><li>Communication: USB, RS232, RPO, ROO, dry contacts</li><li>Slot for communication card</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_9_45a7fd32ff.jpg" alt="Eaton 9SX 6000i RT3U G2 UPS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_9_45a7fd32ff.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="281"><h3>Technical specifications</h3><h4>General</h4><ul><li>Model: 9SX6KIRT3UG2</li><li>Model code: Eaton 9SX 6000i RT3U G2</li><li>Form factor: Rack/tower (3U, 19")</li><li>Color: Black</li><li>Efficiency: up to 96.5%</li><li>Internal bypass: Yes</li><li>Certifications: IEC/EN 62040-1, -2, -3, ENERGY STAR, CE, cULus, UKCA, RCM, KCC, BSMI</li><li>Package contents:&nbsp;<ul><li>UPS</li><li>(2) cable glands</li><li>(2) IEC-IEC output cables (1,2 m)</li><li>USB cable (1,8 m)</li><li>Cable locking systems</li><li>Supports for tower mounting</li><li>Rack-mounting kit with brackets and slides for UPS</li><li>Safety instructions</li><li>Quickstart guide</li></ul></li></ul><h4>Electrical input</h4><ul><li>Input voltage range: 176–276 V (100–276 V with derating)</li><li>Input frequency range: 40–70 Hz</li><li>Nominal frequency: 50/60 Hz</li><li>Input power factor: &gt;0.99</li></ul><h4>Electrical output</h4><ul><li>Power rating: 6000 VA / 6000 W</li><li>Output voltage: 230 V (200/208/220/230/240 V)</li><li>Output power factor: 1.0</li><li>Waveform: Sine wave</li><li>THD (linear load): ≤1%</li><li>Topology: Online / double conversion</li><li>Receptacles: 8× IEC C13, 3× IEC C19, terminal block</li></ul><h4>Battery</h4><ul><li>Type: Sealed lead-acid (VRLA)</li><li>Quantity: 15 × 12 V / 5 Ah</li><li>Management:<ul><li>ABM+ (Predictive battery life) &amp; Temperature compensated charging method (user selectable)</li><li>Automatic battery test</li><li>Deep discharge protection</li><li>Automatic recognition of external battery units</li></ul></li><li>Expandability: External battery modules (EBM)</li><li>Replacement: Hot-swappable</li><li>Runtime graph: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://eg.eaton.com/ups-battery-runtime/en-gb/9SX6KIRT3UG2">runtime graph</a></li></ul><h4>Communication</h4><ul><li>USB: Yes (HID compliant)</li><li>RS232: Yes</li><li>RPO (remote power off): Yes</li><li>ROO (remote on/off): Yes</li><li>Dry contacts: Yes (2 outputs, 1 input)</li><li>Expansion slot: 1</li><li>Software: Eaton Brightlayer</li></ul><h4>Physical parameters</h4><ul><li>Dimensions (D × H × W): 684 × 130 × 440 mm</li><li>Weight: 43.1 kg</li></ul><h4>Operating conditions</h4><ul><li>Noise level: &lt;40 dB</li><li>Temperature: 0–40 °C</li><li>Humidity: 0–95% non-condensing</li><li>Altitude: up to 3000 m</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_10_bda3c23d56.jpg" alt="Eaton 9SX 6000i RT3U G2 UPS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_10_bda3c23d56.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="611">

Eaton 9SX 8000i G2 UPS

The Eaton 9SX8KIG2 is an online double-conversion UPS (8000 VA / 8000 W) with PF 1.0 and up to 97.3% efficiency. It features sine wave output, ABM battery management, internal bypass, and advanced communication.

The Eaton 9SX8KIG2 is an online double-conversion UPS designed to protect critical equipment in IT, industrial, and laboratory environments. It delivers 8000 VA / 8000 W with unity power factor (PF 1.0) for maximum usable power.The online topology ensures continuous voltage and frequency regulation, protecting against power disturbances. The UPS features an internal bypass, ensuring power continuity in case of overload or fault.Advanced battery management (ABM) extends battery life, and the system supports external battery modules for longer runtime. Communication options include USB, RS232, and Eaton Brightlayer software compatibility.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_11_6f1e0b00ba.jpg" alt="Eaton 9SX 8000i G2 UPS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_11_6f1e0b00ba.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="336"><h3>Key features</h3><ul><li>Online double-conversion topology</li><li>8000 VA / 8000 W with unity power factor</li><li>High efficiency up to 97.3% (up to 99% in Eco mode)</li><li>Internal bypass</li><li>Pure sine wave output for sensitive equipment</li><li>Advanced battery management (ABM)</li><li>Expandable runtime with<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/2311"> external battery modules </a>(EBM)</li><li>Multiple communication interfaces (USB, RS232, dry contacts)</li><li>Multilingual graphical LCD display</li><li>Flexible tower/rack deployment</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_9_45a7fd32ff.jpg" alt="Eaton 9SX 8000i G2 UPS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_9_45a7fd32ff.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="281"><h3>Technical specifications</h3><h4>General</h4><ul><li>Model: Eaton 9SX8KIG2</li><li>Model code: Eaton 9SX 8000i G2</li><li>Form factor: free-standing model (tower, 4U)</li><li>Color: black</li><li>Efficiency: up to 97.3% (up to 99.3% in eco mode)</li><li>Internal bypass: yes</li><li>Certifications:<ul><li>IEC/EN 62040-1</li><li>IEC/EN 62040-2</li><li>IEC/EN 62040-3</li><li>ENERGY STAR</li><li>CE, cULus, UKCA, RCM, KC, BSMI</li></ul></li><li>Package contents:<ul><li>UPS</li><li>(3) cable glands</li><li>(2) IEC-IEC output cables (1.2 m)</li><li>USB cable (1.8 m)</li><li>supports for tower installation</li><li>safety instructions</li><li>quick start guide</li></ul></li></ul><h4>Electrical input</h4><ul><li>Input voltage: 176–276 V (100–276 V with derating)</li><li>Input frequency: 40–70 Hz</li><li>Nominal frequency: 50/60 Hz</li><li>Input power factor: &gt;0.99</li></ul><h4>Electrical output</h4><ul><li>Power: 8000 VA / 8000 W</li><li>Output voltage: 230 V (200/208/220/230/240 V)</li><li>Power factor: 1.0</li><li>Waveform: sine wave</li><li>Output voltage distortion (linear load): max. 1%</li><li>Topology: online / double conversion</li><li>Outlets: 8× IEC C13, 4× IEC C19, hardwired</li></ul><h4>Battery</h4><ul><li>Type: sealed lead-acid (VRLA)</li><li>Quantity: 20 × 12 V / 7 Ah</li><li>Management:<ul><li>ABM+ (predictive battery life) with temperature-compensated charging</li><li>automatic battery test</li><li>deep discharge protection</li><li>automatic recognition of external battery modules</li></ul></li><li>Extended runtime: external battery modules (EBM)</li><li>Replacement: hot-swappable</li><li>Runtime:<ul><li>10.6 min (50% load)</li><li>3.5 min (100% load)</li></ul></li><li>Runtime graph: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://eg.eaton.com/ups-battery-runtime/en-gb/9SX8KIG2">runtime graph</a></li></ul><h4>Communication</h4><ul><li>USB: Yes (HID compliant)</li><li>RS232: Yes</li><li>RPO (remote power off): Yes</li><li>ROO (remote on/off): Yes</li><li>Dry contacts: Yes (2 outputs, 1 input)</li><li>Expansion slot: 1</li><li>Software: Eaton Brightlayer</li></ul><h4>Physical parameters</h4><ul><li>Dimensions (D × H × W): 684 × 130 × 440 mm</li><li>Weight: 43.1 kg</li></ul><h4>Operating conditions</h4><ul><li>Noise level: &lt;40 dB</li><li>Temperature: 0–40 °C</li><li>Humidity: 0–95% non-condensing</li><li>Altitude: up to 3000 m</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_10_bda3c23d56.jpg" alt="Eaton 9SX 8000i G2 UPS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eaton_9_SX_5000i_RT_3_U_G2_UPS_10_bda3c23d56.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="611">

KNAUER AZURA HTQC UHPLC System

KNAUER AZURA HTQC UHPLC (1240 bar) enables high-throughput QC with parallel analysis and column re-equilibration for faster workflows.

The KNAUER AZURA HTQC UHPLC (1240 bar) is a high-performance UHPLC system designed for high-throughput quality control (QC) where speed, robustness, and reproducibility are essential.The system features a unique concept of parallel analysis and offline column re-equilibration, significantly increasing productivity. With two gradient pumps, one column performs the analytical run while the second is re-equilibrated in backflush mode.This architecture enables:<ul><li>≥30% reduction in cycle time</li><li>increased sample throughput</li><li>column protection from matrix contamination</li><li>consistent retention times</li></ul>It is ideal for pharmaceutical QC laboratories requiring automation and validated workflows.<h4>Key Features</h4><ul><li>UHPLC system up to 1240 bar (124 MPa)</li><li>Dual gradient pumps (HPG + LPG)</li><li>Parallel analysis and column re-equilibration</li><li>Backflush mode for column protection</li><li>≥30% faster analysis cycles</li><li>High flow reproducibility</li><li>Autosampler with cooling</li><li>Column thermostat (Peltier)</li><li>Fully automated modular system</li><li>MS detector compatibility</li></ul><h4>System Configuration</h4>Included components:<ul><li>Eluent tray E 2.1L</li><li>Pump P 8.1L (HPG)</li><li>Pump P 6.1L (LPG)</li><li>Liquid handler LH 8.1 + Robotic Cooler</li><li>Column thermostat CT 2.1</li><li>Column switching &amp; backflush valve</li><li>Accessories and tools</li></ul><h3>Technical Specifications</h3><h4>Pumps</h4><h5>P 8.1L (HPG – analytical pump):</h5><ul><li>Max pressure: 1240 bar</li><li>Flow rate: up to 5 mL/min</li><li>Adaptive pulsation compensation</li><li>Degasser + binary solvent selection</li><li>Low baseline noise</li></ul><h5>P 6.1L (LPG – re-equilibration):</h5><ul><li>Quaternary gradient</li><li>Integrated degasser</li><li>Low dwell volume</li><li>Inline filter</li></ul><h4>Autosampler</h4><h5>LH 8.1:</h5><ul><li>XYZ autosampler</li><li>Capacity: up to 390 samples</li><li>Temperature: 4–40 °C</li><li>Low carryover</li></ul><h4>Column Thermostat</h4><h5>CT 2.1:</h5><ul><li>Peltier controlled</li><li>Above and below ambient operation</li><li>High precision</li></ul><h4>Valve System</h4><ul><li>Column switching + backflush</li><li>Up to 1200 bar</li><li>Parallel column operation</li></ul><h4>Detection</h4><ul><li>Compatible with all HPLC detectors</li><li>Ideal for LC-MS coupling</li></ul><h4>HTQC Concept</h4><ul><li>Independent flow paths (analysis vs re-equilibration)</li><li>Backflush re-equilibration</li><li>Parallel operation</li><li>Increased throughput without compromise</li></ul><h4>Typical Applications</h4><ul><li>Pharmaceutical QC</li><li>Routine validated workflows</li><li>High sample throughput environments</li><li>Reversed-phase HPLC</li></ul>

KNAUER High Precision AZURA P 6.1L HPLC Pump

KNAUER AZURA P 6.1L HPLC pump with up to 1000 bar, precise gradient control, and low pulsation for reliable UHPLC workflows.

The KNAUER AZURA P 6.1L is a high-precision analytical HPLC pump designed for accurate and reproducible solvent delivery in both HPLC and UHPLC applications.The pump combines essential features of a modern pumping system, including low pulsation, high pressure capability, precise gradient formation, and flexible configuration. It is available in both HPG (high-pressure gradient) and LPG (low-pressure gradient) versions, with a flow range up to 50 mL/min.The system uses a dual serial piston mechanism with active pulsation compensation, ensuring excellent flow stability under all conditions. A low-dead-volume microfluidic mixer enables efficient and precise solvent mixing.Different pump heads are available:<ul><li>up to 10 mL/min at 862 bar</li><li>up to 5 mL/min at 1000 bar</li></ul>Optional configurations include biocompatible materials (PEEK, ceramic, titanium) and specialized setups for normal phase applications (e.g., hexane, heptane).<h4>Key Features</h4><ul><li>High-precision analytical HPLC/UHPLC pump</li><li>Pressure up to 1000 bar</li><li>Flow rates up to 50 mL/min</li><li>Dual piston system with low pulsation</li><li>Active pulsation compensation</li><li>HPG and LPG gradient configurations</li><li>Microfluidic mixer (50–600 µl)</li><li>RFID pump head detection</li><li>Optional degasser</li><li>Biocompatible configurations available</li><li>Robust operation with demanding solvents</li></ul><h3>Technical Specifications</h3><h4>Solvent Delivery</h4><ul><li>Pump type: analytical HPLC pump</li><li>Mechanism: dual serial piston</li><li>Flow range: 0.001 – 50 mL/min</li><li>Max pressure: up to 1000 bar</li><li>Flow accuracy: ± 0.25%</li><li>Precision: ≤ 0.04% RSD</li></ul><h4>Gradient</h4><ul><li>Range: 0–100% (0.1% steps)</li><li>HPG accuracy: ± 0.3%</li><li>HPG precision: &lt; 0.1% RSD</li><li>LPG accuracy: ± 0.3% to ± 2%</li><li>LPG precision: &lt; 0.5% RSD</li></ul><h4>Mixing</h4><ul><li>Microfluidic mixer</li><li>Volumes: 50 / 100 / 200 / 400 / 600 µl</li><li>Low dead volume</li></ul><h4>Degasser (optional)</h4><ul><li>2–4 channels</li><li>Max flow: 10 mL/min per channel</li><li>Residual O₂: &lt; 0.5 ppm</li><li>Membrane: fluoropolymer</li></ul><h4>Materials</h4><ul><li>PEEK, Tefzel®, Systec AF</li><li>Optional biocompatible materials (titanium, ceramic)</li></ul><h4>Control &amp; Communication</h4><ul><li>LAN, analog inputs</li><li>Event outputs (TTL, relay)</li><li>Optional mobile control</li><li>RFID pump head detection</li></ul><h4>Operating Conditions</h4><ul><li>Temperature: 4–40 °C</li><li>Humidity: &lt; 90% non-condensing</li></ul><h4>Dimensions &amp; Power</h4><ul><li>Dimensions: 361 × 208 × 523 mm</li><li>Weight: 14.1 kg</li><li>Power supply: 100–240 V, 50–60 Hz</li><li>Power consumption: max 100 W</li></ul>

Eaton 9SX 11000i G2 UPS

The Eaton 9SX 11000i G2 is an online double-conversion UPS (11000 VA / 11000 W) with PF 1.0 and up to 97% efficiency, featuring sine wave output and ABM battery management.

The Eaton 9SX 11000i G2 is an online double-conversion UPS designed to protect critical equipment in IT, industrial, and laboratory environments. It delivers 11000 VA / 11000 W with a unity power factor (PF 1.0), ensuring maximum usable power.The online topology ensures continuous voltage and frequency regulation, protecting connected equipment from power disturbances. The UPS features an internal bypass that maintains power continuity in case of overload or fault.Advanced battery management (ABM) extends battery life, and the system supports <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/2311">external battery modules </a>for extended runtime. Communication interfaces include USB, RS232, and dry contacts, with support for Eaton Brightlayer software.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eaton_9_SX_11000i_G2_UPS_10_6b00eeca52.jpg" alt="Eaton 9SX 11000i G2 UPS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eaton_9_SX_11000i_G2_UPS_10_6b00eeca52.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="434"><h3>Key features</h3><ul><li>Online double-conversion topology</li><li>11000 VA / 11000 W output</li><li>Output power factor 1.0</li><li>Sine wave output</li><li>Internal bypass</li><li>Multilingual graphical LCD display</li><li>Advanced ABM battery management</li><li>Automatic battery test</li><li>Deep discharge protection</li><li>Automatic recognition of external battery modules</li><li>Extended runtime capability via EBM</li><li>USB, RS232, and dry-contact communication</li><li>Eaton Brightlayer software compatibility</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eaton_9_SX_11000i_G2_UPS_9_7726e12cf3.jpg" alt="Eaton 9SX 11000i G2 UPS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eaton_9_SX_11000i_G2_UPS_9_7726e12cf3.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="368"><h3>Technical specifications</h3><h4>General</h4><ul><li>Product name: Eaton 9SX Gen2 UPS</li><li>Catalog number: 9SX11KIG2</li><li>Model code: Eaton 9SX 11000i G2</li><li>EAN: 3553340710698</li><li>Construction type: free standing model</li><li>Color: black</li><li>Efficiency: up to 97%</li><li>Internal bypass: yes</li><li>Certifications:<ul><li>IEC/EN 62040-1</li><li>IEC/EN 62040-2</li><li>IEC/EN 62040-3</li><li>ENERGY STAR</li><li>CE, cULus, UKCA, RCM, KC, BSMI</li></ul></li><li>Package contents:<ul><li>UPS</li><li>(3) cable glands</li><li>(2) IEC-IEC output cables (1.2 m)</li><li>USB cable (1.8 m)</li><li>cable locking systems</li><li>supports for tower mounting</li><li>safety instructions</li><li>quickstart guide</li></ul></li></ul><h4>Electrical input</h4><ul><li>Input voltage: 176–276 V (100–276 V with derating)</li><li>Input frequency: 40–70 Hz</li><li>Nominal frequency: 50/60 Hz</li><li>Input power factor: &gt;0.99</li></ul><h4>Electrical output</h4><ul><li>Power: 11000 VA / 11000 W</li><li>Output voltage: 230 V (200/208/220/230/240 V)</li><li>Power factor: 1.0</li><li>Waveform: sine wave</li><li>Output voltage distortion (linear load): max. 1%</li><li>Topology: online / double conversion</li><li>Receptacles: (8) C13, (4) C19, Hardwired</li></ul><h4>Battery</h4><ul><li>Type: sealed lead-acid (VRLA)</li><li>Quantity: 20 × 12 V / 7 Ah</li><li>Management:<ul><li>ABM+ (Predictive battery life) &amp; temperature compensated charging method</li><li>automatic battery test</li><li>deep discharge protection</li><li>automatic recognition of external battery units</li></ul></li><li>Extended battery capability: yes</li><li>Battery replacement: hot-swappable</li><li>Runtime graph: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://eg.eaton.com/ups-battery-runtime/en-gb/9SX11KIG2">runtime graph</a></li></ul><h4>Communication</h4><ul><li>USB: yes (HID compliant)</li><li>RS232: yes</li><li>RPO (remote power off): yes</li><li>ROO (remote on/off): yes</li><li>Dry contacts: yes (2 contacts)</li><li>Expansion slot: 1×</li><li>Software: Eaton Brightlayer</li></ul><h4>Physical parameters</h4><ul><li>Dimensions (D × H × W): 684 × 130 × 440 mm</li><li>Weight: 43.1 kg</li></ul><h4>Operating conditions</h4><ul><li>Noise level: &lt;37 dB</li><li>Temperature: 0–40 °C</li><li>Relative humidity: 0–95% non-condensing</li><li>Altitude: up to 3000 m</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eaton_9_SX_11000i_G2_UPS_11_40be6ef9a4.jpg" alt="Eaton 9SX 11000i G2 UPS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eaton_9_SX_11000i_G2_UPS_11_40be6ef9a4.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="565">

KNAUER High Precision AZURA P 8.1L UHPLC Pump

KNAUER AZURA P 8.1L UHPLC pump with up to 1240 bar, adaptive pulsation compensation, and high precision for demanding UHPLC applications.

The KNAUER AZURA P 8.1L is a high-performance UHPLC pump designed for ultra-fast and high-resolution chromatographic applications. With a maximum pressure of 1240 bar (124 MPa) and flow rates up to 5 mL/min, it meets the demands of modern UHPLC workflows.The pump features a dual serial piston mechanism combined with adaptive pulsation compensation, which operates independently of flow rate, pressure, and solvent type through real-time monitoring of eluent compressibility and variable piston stroke.Together with KNAUER’s advanced piston drive technology, this results in exceptional flow reproducibility under all operating conditions. High-precision in-house manufacturing ensures long piston seal lifetime and maximum system uptime.<h4>Key Features</h4><ul><li>UHPLC pump up to 1240 bar</li><li>Flow rates up to 5 mL/min</li><li>Dual serial piston system</li><li>Adaptive pulsation compensation</li><li>Excellent flow reproducibility</li><li>HPG gradient capability</li><li>Integrated 4-channel degasser</li><li>RFID pump head detection</li><li>Low baseline noise</li><li>High durability and long lifetime</li><li>Compatible with UHPLC and LC-MS systems</li></ul><h3>Technical Specifications</h3><h4>Solvent Delivery</h4><ul><li>Pump type: analytical UHPLC pump</li><li>Mechanism: dual serial piston</li><li>Max pressure: 1240 bar</li><li>Flow rate: up to 5 mL/min</li><li>Flow accuracy: ± 0.25%</li><li>Precision: ≤ 0.04% RSD</li></ul><h4>Gradient</h4><ul><li>Type: HPG (high-pressure gradient)</li><li>Range: 0–100% (0.1% steps)</li><li>Accuracy: ± 0.3%</li><li>Precision: &lt; 0.1% RSD</li></ul><h4>Degasser</h4><ul><li>Channels: 4</li><li>Max flow: 5 mL/min per channel</li><li>Residual O₂: &lt; 0.5 ppm</li><li>Technology: fluoropolymer membrane</li></ul><h4>Connections</h4><ul><li>Inlet: UNF 1/4-28 (1/8” tubing)</li><li>Outlet: UNF 10-32 (1/16” capillary)</li></ul><h4>Materials</h4><ul><li>PEEK, Tefzel®, Systec AF</li><li>Compatible with most solvents (except HCl and halogenated hydrocarbons)</li></ul><h4>Control &amp; Communication</h4><ul><li>LAN, analog inputs</li><li>Event outputs (TTL, relay)</li><li>Optional mobile control</li><li>RFID pump head detection</li></ul><h4>Safety &amp; Operating Conditions</h4><ul><li>Leak sensor</li><li>Soft start and programmable pressure limits</li><li>Temperature: 4–40 °C</li><li>Humidity: &lt; 90% non-condensing</li></ul><h4>Dimensions &amp; Power</h4><ul><li>Dimensions: 361 × 208 × 523 mm</li><li>Weight: 26.7 kg</li><li>Power supply: 100–240 V, 50–60 Hz</li><li>Power consumption: max 310 W</li></ul>

KNAUER AZURA Autosampler AS 6.1L

KNAUER AZURA AS 6.1L autosampler with up to 768 samples, ultra-low carryover, and fast injection cycles for HPLC/UHPLC workflows.

The KNAUER AZURA® AS 6.1L is a high-performance autosampler designed for automated sample injection in HPLC/UHPLC systems, offering high capacity, precision, and flexibility for both routine and high-throughput applications.The autosampler supports:<ul><li>up to 768 sample positions (microtiter plates)</li><li>up to 108 standard 1.5 mL vials</li></ul>A highly effective internal and external needle wash system minimizes carryover to extremely low levels. The system is also fast, with a complete injection cycle taking less than one minute, including needle washing.Three injection modes are supported:<ul><li>full loop filling (highest precision)</li><li>partial loop filling (variable volumes)</li><li>µl pickup (loss-free injection of small volumes)</li></ul>The integrated ILD™ (Intermediate Loop Decompression) valve ensures accurate high-pressure injections without sample dilution and reduces pressure spikes, protecting the column.<h4>Key Features</h4><ul><li>Autosampler for HPLC/UHPLC systems</li><li>Up to 768 sample positions</li><li>Up to 108 vials (1.5 mL)</li><li>Ultra-low carryover (&lt; 0.0003%)</li><li>Fast injection cycle (&lt; 1 min)</li><li>3 injection modes (full loop, partial loop, µl pickup)</li><li>ILD™ technology for high-pressure injection</li><li>PASA™ (pressure-assisted sample aspiration)</li><li>Optional sample cooling (4–40 °C)</li><li>Missing vial/plate detection</li><li>Supports precolumn derivatization</li></ul><h3>Technical Specifications</h3><h4>Sample Injection</h4><ul><li>Injection volume range: 0.1 µl – 10 mL</li><li>Precision:<ul><li>Full loop: &lt; 0.3% RSD</li><li>Partial loop: &lt; 0.5% RSD</li><li>µl pickup: &lt; 1.0% RSD</li></ul></li><li>Accuracy: 0.2 µl (250 µl syringe)</li></ul><h4>Performance</h4><ul><li>Carryover:<ul><li>&lt; 0.0015% (standard)</li><li>&lt; 0.0003% (extended wash)</li></ul></li><li>Injections per vial: max. 9</li><li>Cycle time:<ul><li>7 s (same vial)</li><li>14 s (different vials)</li><li>&lt; 60 s total</li></ul></li></ul><h4>Capacity &amp; Compatibility</h4><ul><li>Microtiter plates: ANSI SLAS standard</li><li>Max vial/plate height: 47 mm</li></ul><h4>Additional Features</h4><ul><li>Headspace pressure (bubble prevention)</li><li>Precolumn derivatization</li><li>Sample tray cooling (optional, 4–40 °C)</li><li>Vial detection sensor</li></ul><h4>Materials</h4><ul><li>ETFE, PTFE, stainless steel, glass, Vespel</li><li>Wide chemical compatibility</li></ul><h4>Control &amp; Communication</h4><ul><li>LAN / Ethernet</li><li>Analog inputs</li><li>TTL inputs (start, stop, freeze)</li><li>Relay output (alarm, marker)</li></ul><h4>Operating Conditions</h4><ul><li>Temperature: 10–40 °C</li><li>Humidity: 20–80%</li></ul>

KNAUER AZURA CT 2.1 Column Thermostat

KNAUER AZURA CT 2.1 column thermostat with Peltier control (5–85 °C), high stability, and optional eluent pre-heating for precise HPLC separations.

The KNAUER AZURA CT 2.1 is a cost-effective column thermostat designed for precise and stable temperature control in HPLC applications.The instrument uses a microprocessor-controlled Peltier element, enabling both heating and cooling in the range of 5–85 °C. Its high temperature stability allows for programming linear and non-linear temperature gradients, improving separation performance.For advanced applications, the system can be optionally equipped with an eluent pre-heating cartridge, ensuring consistent temperature conditions, improved selectivity, and better peak shapes.Its compact design supports flexible integration and accommodates multiple columns.<h4>Key Features</h4><ul><li>Column thermostat for HPLC applications</li><li>Temperature range 5–85 °C</li><li>Peltier technology (heating and cooling)</li><li>High temperature stability (±0.1 °C)</li><li>Accurate temperature control (±0.2 °C)</li><li>Programmable temperature gradients</li><li>Optional eluent pre-heating</li><li>Supports multiple columns</li><li>Compact and robust design</li><li>Built-in safety features</li></ul><h3>Technical Specifications</h3><h4>Thermostatting</h4><ul><li>Technology: Peltier (heating &amp; cooling)</li><li>Temperature range: 5–85 °C</li><li>Heating/cooling rate: 2 °C/min</li><li>Accuracy: ± 0.2 °C</li><li>Stability: ± 0.1 °C</li><li>Air circulation: fan-assisted bidirectional flow</li></ul><h4>Column Compartment</h4><ul><li>Max number of columns: up to 8</li><li>Max length: 325 mm</li><li>Max diameter: 35 mm</li><li>Compatibility:<ul><li>125 mm × 4.6 mm ID (with precolumn)</li><li>300 mm × 4.6 mm ID</li><li>300 mm × 16 mm ID</li></ul></li></ul><h4>Internal Dimensions</h4><ul><li>90 × 390 × 47 mm</li></ul><h4>Safety</h4><ul><li>Self-check and auto-calibration at startup</li><li>Adjustable shut-off temperature</li><li>Leak sensor with acoustic alarm</li></ul><h4>Control &amp; Communication</h4><ul><li>LAN interface</li><li>Optional Mobile Control (stand-alone operation)</li></ul><h4>Power &amp; Dimensions</h4><ul><li>Power supply: 90–230 V, 50–60 Hz</li><li>Power consumption: 100 W</li><li>Dimensions: 150 × 470 × 310 mm</li><li>Weight: 8.4 kg</li></ul><h4>Optional Accessories</h4><ul><li>Eluent pre-heating cartridge<ul><li>for capillaries 0.1 mm / 0.18 mm ID</li></ul></li></ul>

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