Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have become a major global concern due to their persistence, bioaccumulation, and potential health impacts. With thousands of known PFAS compounds, and new variants continuing to emerge, identifying and quantifying them across complex environmental and biological samples is an ongoing analytical challenge.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_From_Complexity_to_Clarity_Smarter_PFAS_Identification_Workflows_in_Compound_Discoverer_Software_2_8e83167891.jpg" alt="Thermo Fisher Scientific: From Complexity to Clarity: Smarter PFAS Identification Workflows in Compound Discoverer Software" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_From_Complexity_to_Clarity_Smarter_PFAS_Identification_Workflows_in_Compound_Discoverer_Software_2_8e83167891.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="574"><h3>Why PFAS analysis matters</h3>PFAS are used in everything from firefighting foams to non-stick coatings, yet their chemical stability means they persist in the environment and accumulate in living organisms. Regulators and scientists around the world are racing to better understand their distribution, fate, and toxicity.But with tens of thousands of PFAS, many without available reference standards, traditional targeted analysis alone isn’t enough. Analysts increasingly rely on non-targeted analysis (NTA) workflows powered by high-resolution accurate-mass (HRAM) mass spectrometry and advanced software to uncover the full picture.<h3>Addressing the challenges of PFAS identification</h3>Successful non-targeted PFAS analysis requires overcoming several analytical hurdles:<ol><li>Acquiring high-quality MS¹ and MS² data with ultra-high mass resolution and accuracy.</li><li>Detecting low-abundance PFAS hidden within thousands of background compounds.</li><li>Leveraging comprehensive spectral libraries and databases for confident identification.</li><li>Applying data filtering and scoring tools to assign confidence levels to annotations.</li><li>Using visualization and statistical tools to interpret and compare complex datasets.</li></ol><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1759">Thermo Scientific Compound Discoverer 3.5 software </a>brings together all the components needed for robust PFAS identification—integrating <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products?category=22&amp;manufacturerItems=3">HRAM Orbitrap MS</a> data with an expanded suite of PFAS-specific libraries and databases.In a single workflow, users can:<ul><li>Detect and annotate compounds automatically from LC-MS data.</li><li>Determine possible elemental formulas using isotope pattern and accurate mass information.</li><li>Compare MS² spectra against <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1764">mzCloud</a>, NIST 2023, and in silico PFAS libraries.</li><li>Cross-reference annotations with the EPA PFAS Structure List and the NIST Suspect List of PFAS.</li><li>Use PFAS-specific fragment and neutral loss databases to strengthen identification confidence.</li></ul>With these resources combined, the software enables confident annotation of more than 40,000 PFAS compounds!<h3>New tools for confident, streamlined PFAS identification</h3>Compound Discoverer software introduces several new features designed to simplify and accelerate PFAS NTA workflows:<ul><li>Apply PFAS Scoring Node: Automatically calculates PFAS-specific parameters and a new PFAS Score—no R scripting required.</li><li>PFAS Plot: A visual tool that uses mass-defect metrics to highlight probable PFAS in complex datasets, following methods from Kaufman et al. (2022).</li><li>Expanded suite of libraries and databases: Combines mzCloud, NIST, in silico, PFAS fragment databases, and a new neutral loss database for greater confidence.</li><li>Advanced data visualization: Tools like Kendrick Mass Defect and Molecular Network plots reveal homologous PFAS series and related compound families.</li><li>Built-in statistical analysis tools: Compare PFAS composition between samples using Principal Component Analysis, Differential analysis and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis.</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_From_Complexity_to_Clarity_Smarter_PFAS_Identification_Workflows_in_Compound_Discoverer_Software_ed32c7f7c1.jpg" alt="Thermo Fisher Scientific From Complexity to Clarity Smarter PFAS Identification Workflows in Compound Discoverer Software" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_From_Complexity_to_Clarity_Smarter_PFAS_Identification_Workflows_in_Compound_Discoverer_Software_ed32c7f7c1.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="800" height="395"><h3>From complexity to clarity</h3>By uniting Orbitrap HRAM data with the most comprehensive PFAS libraries available, Compound Discoverer 3.5 software streamlines non-targeted PFAS analysis—helping laboratories move from data complexity to confident chemical clarity.<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/5612">Watch the on-demand webinar</a> to see the full workflow in action and learn how Compound Discoverer software can enhance your PFAS analysis.<ul><li>Visit us on&nbsp;<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/72003132/admin/dashboard/">LinkedIn:</a>&nbsp;#PFAS #CompoundDiscoverer #SpectralLibraries</li></ul><blockquote><h5>Zoe Julian</h5>Zoe Julian is a Product Marketing Manager for Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry software at Thermo Fisher Scientific. With over 12 years' experience of working with chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques with a background in GC and GC-MS(/MS) organic environmental analysis, she has helped many laboratories and industries improve their workflows through a unique understanding of their challenges. Transitioning to a focus on Chromeleon CDS she has shown customers how software solutions can improve their productivity and support their day-to-day operations.</blockquote>

From Complexity to Clarity: Smarter PFAS Identification Workflows in Compound Discoverer Software

<h3>Two Dimensions, One Solution: Advancing Oligonucleotide Analysis with 2D-LC</h3><h4>Why Consider 2D-LC for Oligonucleotide Analysis?</h4>In oligonucleotide analytics, achieving reliable and precise results is not optional—it is fundamental. These biomolecules are inherently complex, often containing truncated sequences, structural variants, and a wide range of impurities. Such complexity frequently exceeds the separation capabilities of conventional one-dimensional liquid chromatography (1D-LC). As a result, critical components may coelute or remain unresolved, limiting analytical confidence.Two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) offers a powerful alternative by significantly enhancing separation performance. By combining two complementary separation mechanisms, 2D-LC improves resolution, sensitivity, and overall analytical reliability. This enables a much deeper understanding of oligonucleotide samples and their compositional intricacies.<blockquote><h4>Previous parts from the Oligos Made Easy series</h4><ul><li>Part 1: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/6808">Overview</a></li><li>Part 2: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/6846">AEX</a></li><li>Part 3: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/6880">IP-RP</a></li><li>Part 4: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/6912">HILIC</a></li><li>Part 5: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/6944">SEC</a></li><li>Part 6: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/6982">Column Navigator</a></li><li>Part 7: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/7012">Large Scale AEX</a></li><li>Part 8: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/7045">Sepapure oliGO</a></li></ul></blockquote><h4>Moving Beyond the Limits of 1D-LC</h4>For many years, 1D-LC has served as a standard tool for biopharmaceutical characterization. However, its inherent limitations become apparent when dealing with highly complex mixtures. The selectivity of a single chromatographic dimension is restricted, and the lack of orthogonality in retention mechanisms often results in insufficient separation. As sample complexity increases, the resolving power of 1D-LC becomes inadequate.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Figure_1_2_D_LC_Principle_Graphic_by_KNAUER_43e04d32a2.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Figure 1 - 2D-LC Principle (Graphic by KNAUER)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Figure_1_2_D_LC_Principle_Graphic_by_KNAUER_43e04d32a2.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1291" height="391">Two-dimensional LC addresses these limitations by coupling two chromatographic separations, which can be either similar or fundamentally different. Each dimension targets different physicochemical properties of analytes, enabling the resolution of compounds that would otherwise overlap. In essence, 2D-LC introduces an additional level of separation capacity, allowing analysts to disentangle coeluting species that remain unresolved in a single dimension.An important practical consideration is that the overall analysis time is governed by the second dimension. Because fractions from the first dimension must be processed sequentially, the second dimension must operate rapidly and efficiently. High-speed separations in the second dimension are therefore essential to maintain system performance and data quality.<h4>Architecture of a 2D-LC System</h4>At its core, a 2D-LC system relies on precise coordination between its components. The setup typically consists of two chromatographic columns, two pumping systems, and a switching valve that enables fraction transfer between dimensions. The sample is introduced through an autosampler and first separated on the primary column. Fractions of interest are then transferred into a loop via a switching valve and subsequently introduced into the second column for further separation.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Figure_2_2_D_LC_System_Configuration_Example_Graphic_by_KNAUER_f5747adf3a.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Figure 2 - 2D LC System Configuration Example (Graphic by KNAUER)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Figure_2_2_D_LC_System_Configuration_Example_Graphic_by_KNAUER_f5747adf3a.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="859" height="517">The valve plays a crucial role in this process, acting as the interface between both chromatographic dimensions. Its function is to alternately collect fractions from the first dimension and inject them into the second dimension under high-pressure conditions. Various valve configurations can be employed, including ten-port or eight-port valves with dual-loop arrangements, or synchronized six-port valves. Regardless of configuration, the underlying principle remains the same: while one loop is being filled, the other is being flushed into the second dimension.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Figure_3_Schematic_figure_of_ten_port_left_and_eight_port_valve_right_2_position_setup_for_2_D_LC_Graphic_by_KNAUER_9209661ea8.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Figure 3 - Schematic figure of ten-port (left) and eight-port valve (right) 2-position setup for 2D-LC (Graphic by KNAUER)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Figure_3_Schematic_figure_of_ten_port_left_and_eight_port_valve_right_2_position_setup_for_2_D_LC_Graphic_by_KNAUER_9209661ea8.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1287" height="406">This alternating process requires precise timing. The second-dimension separation must be completed before the next fraction is ready for transfer. Consequently, synchronization between flow rates, loop volumes, and switching intervals is essential for maintaining chromatographic integrity.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Figure_4_Schematic_figure_KNAUER_eight_port_2_position_valve_for_2_D_LC_Graphic_by_KNAUER_f9a5f06f5f.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Figure 4 - Schematic figure KNAUER eight-port 2 position valve for 2D-LC (Graphic by KNAUER)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Figure_4_Schematic_figure_KNAUER_eight_port_2_position_valve_for_2_D_LC_Graphic_by_KNAUER_f9a5f06f5f.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="756" height="391"><h4>Applying 2D-LC to Oligonucleotide Analysis</h4>In oligonucleotide workflows, 2D-LC combines two complementary separation strategies to address sample complexity. The first dimension is typically used for bulk separation based on properties such as size, charge, or polarity. Techniques such as size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), anion-exchange chromatography (AEX), ion-pair reversed-phase chromatography (IP-RP), hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC), or mixed-mode chromatography (MMC) are commonly applied. This step reduces sample complexity and can also serve as an online desalting stage, removing salts and buffer components that could interfere with downstream detection, particularly when mass spectrometry is used.Following this initial separation, selected fractions are transferred to the second dimension. This transfer can be performed either selectively or comprehensively, depending on the analytical goal. The second dimension is typically optimized for high-resolution separation, allowing detailed characterization of closely related species such as truncated oligonucleotides, sequence variants, or chemically modified impurities. When coupled with mass spectrometry, this setup enables accurate identification and sequencing.A key advantage of 2D-LC lies in the flexibility of combining different stationary phases and mobile phase conditions.&nbsp;Numerous separation combinations are possible, including:<ul><li>SEC×AEX</li><li>HILIC×IP-RP</li><li>IEC×IP-RP</li><li>IP-RP×IP-RP</li><li>AEX×HIC</li><li>MMC×SEC,</li><li>and even chiral×RP systems.&nbsp;</li></ul>This adaptability allows tailored workflows for specific analytical challenges.<h4>Heart-Cutting vs. Comprehensive 2D-LC</h4>When implementing 2D-LC, two primary transfer strategies are commonly used: heart-cutting and comprehensive transfer. Each approach offers distinct advantages depending on the analytical objective.Heart-cutting 2D-LC focuses on selected regions of interest from the first dimension. Only specific peaks or time windows are transferred to the second dimension for further analysis. This approach allows extended separation time and higher resolution in the second dimension, making it particularly suitable for targeted investigations of known critical compounds. However, because only selected fractions are analyzed, unexpected impurities outside the selected region may remain undetected.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Figure_5_2_D_LC_Single_Heart_Cut_Principle_Graphic_by_KNAUER_b1b400784b.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Figure 5 - 2D-LC Single Heart-Cut Principle (Graphic by KNAUER)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Figure_5_2_D_LC_Single_Heart_Cut_Principle_Graphic_by_KNAUER_b1b400784b.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1276" height="319">In contrast, comprehensive 2D-LC transfers the entire eluate from the first dimension into the second dimension in a continuous manner. This approach provides a complete and detailed representation of the sample, making it ideal for research and development, impurity profiling, and regulatory applications. While more demanding in terms of speed and system performance, comprehensive 2D-LC ensures full sample coverage.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Figure_6_Full_Comprehensive_2_D_LC_Principle_Graphic_by_KNAUER_e13da63ef1.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Figure 6 - Full Comprehensive 2D-LC Principle (Graphic by KNAUER)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Figure_6_Full_Comprehensive_2_D_LC_Principle_Graphic_by_KNAUER_e13da63ef1.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1327" height="292">In practice, hybrid approaches may also be employed, combining targeted heart-cutting with broader comprehensive analysis to balance resolution and coverage.<h4>Practical Considerations for Method Development</h4>Successful implementation of 2D-LC for oligonucleotide analysis requires careful method design.&nbsp;<h5>1. Column selection&nbsp;</h5>It is a critical starting point, as the combination of stationary phases must provide sufficient orthogonality while maintaining compatibility between mobile phases. Typically, the first dimension is optimized for general separation of oligonucleotide size or class, while the second dimension focuses on sequence-specific resolution and compatibility with mass spectrometry.<h5>2. Mobile phase selection&nbsp;</h5>Differences in pH and organic modifiers can significantly influence separation behavior, but incompatibility between dimensions can compromise performance. Therefore, mobile phases must be designed as a coordinated system. The use of volatile buffers, such as ammonium acetate, is often preferred for MS-based detection.<h5>3. Instrumentation&nbsp;</h5>The switching valve must operate reliably under high pressure, with precise timing to ensure accurate fraction transfer. Loop volumes must be carefully selected to avoid overfilling, as excessive loading can lead to sample loss and distortion due to flow profile effects. As a general guideline, loops should not be filled beyond approximately 70% of their capacity.<h5>4. Method development&nbsp;</h5>Typically begins with optimization of the second dimension, as it dictates overall system timing. Fast separations using short columns and steep gradients are often required to maintain sufficient sampling frequency. Once the second dimension is established, the first dimension can be adjusted to achieve optimal resolution and compatibility.<h4>Final Remarks</h4>Two-dimensional liquid chromatography represents a powerful advancement in oligonucleotide analysis, enabling the resolution of complex mixtures that exceed the capabilities of conventional 1D approaches. By combining orthogonal separation mechanisms, 2D-LC reveals structural details and impurity profiles that would otherwise remain hidden.However, achieving optimal performance requires careful balancing of multiple factors, including column chemistry, mobile phase compatibility, system timing, and data acquisition. When properly implemented, 2D-LC provides a robust and highly informative platform for modern oligonucleotide characterization.<blockquote><ul><li>If you're planning to set up or optimize your oligonucleotide workflow, feel free to contact us at <a href="sales@knauer.net">sales@knauer.net</a>. Stay tuned for more exciting insights into the Oligonucleotide world in our “Oligos Made Easy” series.</li><li>For more in-depth discussion or questions, reach out to the author at <a href="kindler@knauer.net">kindler@knauer.net</a></li></ul></blockquote>

Oligos Made Easy - Part 9: 2D-LC

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 14, 2026

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Based in Berlin, KNAUER is a medium-sized, owner-managed company that has been serving the sciences since 1962. We develop and manufacture scientific instruments of superior quality for liquid chromatography, including: Analytical HPLC/UHPLC, Preparative HPLC, Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), Multi-column chromatography/Simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography. High pressure dosing, in-line detection systems, and osmometry are additional business areas.

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Galochrom Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns

These HPLC columns are based on high-quality spherical silica from the world's leading silica manufacturer from Japan.

Chiral ion exchanger GEN-QD is highly efficient in the enantiomer resolution of acidic compounds.This product is now available in high quality and at a reasonable price at our company!To create our chiral sorbent, we use 3µm fully porous spherical silica particles, which provide greater efficiency than the original product.Additionally, our Galo-ION-QD-200 is recommended for biological applications due to its larger pore size, which improves the separation efficiency for large molecules.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_kolony_ION_QD_selector_10dd9c7ee5.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Galochrom Chiral ION-QD selector."><h5>Premium Quality</h5>In every manufactured product, we guarantee the highest standards of quality.<h5>Cost-effective</h5>Our unique products optimize your budget &amp; enhance efficiency in your laboratory operations.<h5>High-performance</h5>Besides their outstanding performance, our HPLC columns also expand your separation possibilities.<h3>Ordering information</h3><blockquote>Stationary phase Chiral ION-QD is provided in these column types: analytical and preparative</blockquote><h4>Analytical Columns</h4><ul><li>Dimensions [mm]: 150 x 3</li><li>Porosity: [Å] 200</li><li>Cat. No.: ION02-A150</li><li>Price [€]: 1 300</li></ul><blockquote><h4>Get up to a 20% discount on your first purchase with us.</h4></blockquote><h3>Reach new heights</h3>Spend more time on testing and less time on troubleshooting<blockquote><h4>How can our unique columns help you succeed?</h4>Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD empower researchers with their daily tasks, such as:<ul><li>Seamless method development</li><li>Enantioseparation</li><li>Quality control</li><li>Monitoring of asymmetric reactions</li><li>Intermolecular interaction studies</li><li>Pharmacokinetic studies</li><li>Preparative separation</li><li>Production scale-up</li><li>Efficient purification</li></ul></blockquote><h4>What makes Chiral <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1241">ION-QN</a> and ION-QD unique?</h4>Designed for stabilityThe manufacturing of Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD was designed to produce highly reproducible and reliable HPLC columns. Our high standards in synthesis of organic selectors and robust packing technology ensures that each customer receives identical high-performance product.The chromatographic results are reproducible from run-to-run, column-to-column and batch-to-batch.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_1_9dea7516f4.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - Designed for stability." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_1_9dea7516f4.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="655" height="376">During our manufacturing, we implement strict quality control measures over all aspects from silica chemistry up to column packing. As a result, almost no variation is observed among manufactured batches of chiral stationary phases.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_2_50c42d67e6.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - Designed for stability." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_2_50c42d67e6.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1176" height="442"><h3>Achieve your results</h3>Increase your productivity with uniform, stable, and reproducible results<h4>High-Quality Silica</h4>Our columns contain fully-porous spherical particles from world’s leading manufacturer based in Japan. These ultra-pure silica particles have narrow size distribution to ensure reproducible, robust and reliable results.In comparison to other manufacturers, Galochrom’s custom packing technology produces very stable and uniform bed with intact silica particles. As a result, our columns:<ul><li>Enhance productivity and resolution</li><li>Provide accurate and consistent performance</li><li>Generate significantly higher plate counts</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_High_Quality_Silica_522d14ecf7.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - High-Quality Silica." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_High_Quality_Silica_522d14ecf7.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="617" height="386"><h4>Elution Order</h4>Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD represent a pair of columns that enable the reversal of elution order of enantiomers. Now you can position your desired enantiomer first and easily achieve 100% purity at higher pace.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Elution_Order_85c5b02411.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - Elution Order." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Elution_Order_85c5b02411.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="953" height="545">The elution order was investigated with other QN/QD derivatives using enantiomeric pairs of Leucine derivatives. The conclusions for the first eluent are following:<ul><li>Chiral ION-QN ⇒ L-Enantiomer</li><li>Chiral ION-QD ⇒ D-Enantiomer</li></ul>

Galochrom Chiral ION-QN HPLC columns

These HPLC columns are based on high-quality spherical silica from the world's leading silica manufacturer from Japan. 

Our company is proud to offer the Galo ION-QN chiral ion exchanger, which is capable of efficiently separating enantiomers of acidic compounds.This product is now available in high quality and at a reasonable price at our company!To create our chiral sorbent, we use 3µm fully porous spherical silica particles, which provide greater efficiency than the original product.Additionally, our Galo-ION-QN-200 is recommended for biological applications due to its larger pore size, which improves the separation efficiency for large molecules.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_HPLC_kolony_ION_QN_selector_f3789cb2c1.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Galochrom Chiral ION-QN selector."><h5>Premium Quality</h5>In every manufactured product, we guarantee the highest standards of quality.<h5>Cost-effective</h5>Our unique products optimize your budget &amp; enhance efficiency in your laboratory operations.<h5>High-performance</h5>Besides their outstanding performance, our HPLC columns also expand your separation possibilities.<h3>Ordering information</h3><blockquote>Stationary phase Chiral ION-QN is provided in these column types: analytical and preparative</blockquote><h4>Analytical Columns</h4><ul><li>Dimensions [mm]: 150 x 3</li><li>Porosity: [Å] 200</li><li>Cat. No.: ION01-A150</li><li>Price [€]: 1 300</li></ul><blockquote><h4>Get up to a 20% discount on your first purchase with us.</h4></blockquote><h3>Reach new heights</h3>Spend more time on testing and less time on troubleshooting<blockquote><h4>How can our unique columns help you succeed?</h4>Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD empower researchers with their daily tasks, such as:<ul><li>Seamless method development</li><li>Enantioseparation</li><li>Quality control</li><li>Monitoring of asymmetric reactions</li><li>Intermolecular interaction studies</li><li>Pharmacokinetic studies</li><li>Preparative separation</li><li>Production scale-up</li><li>Efficient purification</li></ul></blockquote><h4>What makes Chiral ION-QN and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1240">ION-QD</a> unique?</h4>Designed for stabilityThe manufacturing of Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD was designed to produce highly reproducible and reliable HPLC columns. Our high standards in synthesis of organic selectors and robust packing technology ensures that each customer receives identical high-performance product.The chromatographic results are reproducible from run-to-run, column-to-column and batch-to-batch.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_1_9dea7516f4.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - Designed for stability." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_1_9dea7516f4.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="655" height="376">During our manufacturing, we implement strict quality control measures over all aspects from silica chemistry up to column packing. As a result, almost no variation is observed among manufactured batches of chiral stationary phases.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_2_50c42d67e6.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - Designed for stability." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Designed_for_stability_2_50c42d67e6.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1176" height="442"><h3>Achieve your results</h3>Increase your productivity with uniform, stable, and reproducible results<h4>High-Quality Silica</h4>Our columns contain fully-porous spherical particles from world’s leading manufacturer based in Japan. These ultra-pure silica particles have narrow size distribution to ensure reproducible, robust and reliable results.In comparison to other manufacturers, Galochrom’s custom packing technology produces very stable and uniform bed with intact silica particles. As a result, our columns:<ul><li>Enhance productivity and resolution</li><li>Provide accurate and consistent performance</li><li>Generate significantly higher plate counts</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_High_Quality_Silica_522d14ecf7.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - High-Quality Silica." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_High_Quality_Silica_522d14ecf7.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="617" height="386"><h4>Elution Order</h4>Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD represent a pair of columns that enable the reversal of elution order of enantiomers. Now you can position your desired enantiomer first and easily achieve 100% purity at higher pace.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Elution_Order_85c5b02411.jpg" alt="Galochrom: Chiral ION-QN &amp; Chiral ION-QD HPLC columns - Elution Order." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Galochrom_Chiral_ION_QN_and_Chiral_ION_QD_HPLC_columns_Elution_Order_85c5b02411.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="953" height="545">The elution order was investigated with other QN/QD derivatives using enantiomeric pairs of Leucine derivatives. The conclusions for the first eluent are following:<ul><li>Chiral ION-QN ⇒ L-Enantiomer</li><li>Chiral ION-QD ⇒ D-Enantiomer</li></ul>

ECOM ION-QN and ION-QD Chiral HPLC Columns

 Weak Anion-Exchanger (WAX) stationary phases for reliable chiral separation of organic acids and amino acids. The most efficient approach to purify and resolve even the most troublesome enantiomeric mixtures.

Weak Anion-Exchanger (WAX) stationary phases for reliable chiral separation of organic acids and amino acids.&nbsp;We introduce our own generic series of weak anion-exchangers, based on tert-butyl-carbamoylated Cinchona alkaloids quinine (QN) and quinidine (QD). Our Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD columns contain a well-balanced pair of pseudoenantiomeric chiral selectors, designed to efficiently separate enantiomers of acidic compounds. These columns represent the most efficient approach to purify and resolve even the most troublesome enantiomeric mixtures.<h4>Applications</h4><ul><li>Chiral ION-QN and Chiral ION-QD are ideal for enantioseparations of chiral acidic compounds, including:</li><li>N-protected amino acids</li><li>Aminophosphonic &amp; Aminosulfonic acids</li><li>Lactic &amp; Thiolactic acids</li><li>Clenbuterol &amp; Thyroxine</li></ul><h4>Key Benefits</h4><ul><li>Provide better separation power and increased enantioselectivity (in comparison to other available alternatives)</li><li>Allow elegant switch of the elution order of enantiomers</li><li>Demonstrated high stability against all common HPLC solvents</li><li>Enable enhanced method development</li><li>Available at analytical and preparative scale</li></ul><h4>Columns</h4><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ECOM_Chiral_HPLC_Column_ION_QN_and_ION_QD_6_085a58fc5e.jpg" alt="ECOM: Chiral HPLC Column ION-QN and ION-QD" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ECOM_Chiral_HPLC_Column_ION_QN_and_ION_QD_6_085a58fc5e.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1059" height="531"><h4>Features&nbsp;</h4><ul><li>Max. pressure: 5800 psi (400 bar)</li><li>Particle size: 3 or 5 μm</li><li>pH range: 2 to 9</li><li>Pore size: 120 Å</li><li>Surface area: 300 m²/g</li><li>Max. temperature: 60 °C</li><li>Packing material: Spherical, Fully Porous</li><li>Carbon load: 13.0 %</li><li>End-capped: Yes</li><li>Product line: ION</li></ul>The mobile phase composition (methanol-formic acid-ammonium formate) has been optimized for preparative applications to provide high column loadability, fast analyte elution, and good peak shape. Moreover, the buffer allows for simple product harvesting by solvent evaporation and subsequent ammonium formate sublimation 50 °C / 10 torr.The anion exchangers are perfect for the purification of organic acids and their chiral separation. They are very efficient in the chiral resolution of amino acids, but also other derivatives, such as amino phosphonic acids. Aminophosphonic acids are important precursors in the synthesis of phosphopeptidomimetics, which may potentially serve as new-generation pharmaceuticals.

Phenomenex Luna SCX HPLC Columns

The Luna SCX is a high performance silica phase with a benzene sulfonic acid bonded phase used for Strong Cation Exchange (SCX) chromatography.

The Luna SCX is a high performance silica phase with a benzene sulfonic acid bonded phase used for Strong Cation Exchange (SCX) chromatography.Key Features of the SCX Column:<ul><li>Extensive line of rugged particle sizes.</li><li>Easy method scalability from HPLC to preparative and bulk purification LC</li><li>Ultra-pure, metal-free silica (99.99% purity)</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Luna_SCX_HPLC_Column_4c175db0e0.webp" alt="Phenomenex: Luna SCX HPLC Column" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Luna_SCX_HPLC_Column_4c175db0e0.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="500" height="150"><ul><li>Carbon Load: 0.55 % Sulfur Load, null %</li><li>Surface Area (m²/g): 400</li><li>Particle Size: 5, 10</li><li>Recommended Use: Strong cation exchange for positively charged compounds</li></ul><h4>Long Column Lifetimes and Excellent Performance</h4>Ultra-pure, metal-free silica (99.99% purity) is the backbone of all Luna material. The resulting high quality particles have a surface smoothness, pore structure, and pore consistency to ensure a more uniform particle shape and greater reproducibility.<h4>Develop Robust Methods</h4>Luna SCX columns provide excellent resolution and peak shape of basic‚ cationic compounds. Luna SCX columns contain a benzene sulfonic acid ligand providing ion-exchange‚ reversed phase‚ and aromatic interactions.<h4>Common Applications:</h4><ul><li>Cough and cold compounds, Raclopride, Sodium Acetate, Erythromycins</li></ul><blockquote>Stationary phase Luna SCX is provided in these column types: analytical, midbore and semi-preparative</blockquote><h5>Luna SCX HPLC MidBore, Analytical and Semi-preparative Columns are available with these parameters:</h5>MidBore Columns<ul><li>Column length (mm): 150</li><li>Column ID (mm): 3</li><li>Particle size (µm): 5</li></ul>Analytical Columns<ul><li>Column length (mm): 50, 100, 150, 250</li><li>Column ID (mm): 4.6</li><li>Particle size (µm): 5</li></ul>Semi-Prep Columns<ul><li>Column length (mm): 250</li><li>Column ID (mm): 10</li><li>Particle size (µm): 5</li></ul><h3>Phenomenex Luna HPLC Columns</h3>Luna HPLC columns are renowned for their outstanding reliability and adaptability in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Manufactured by Phenomenex, Luna HPLC columns are made from 99.999% ultra-pure, metal-free silica, with meticulous attention given to quality control across all aspects of its structure and chemistry. This guarantees that Luna columns consistently deliver reliable performance, ensuring dependable method reproducibility. The Luna series offers diverse selectivity, making it suitable for a broad range of chromatographic applications, from microbore and fast LC to preparative and bulk purification scales.All Luna products uphold the high standards our customers depend on. Featuring high surface area particles, Luna columns deliver improved resolution and performance, meeting the stringent requirements of HPLC users. Designed for longevity and consistent results, these columns are the trusted choice for both routine analyses and specialized separations, ensuring top-tier chromatographic outcomes.<h4>Explore Luna Columns</h4><ul><li>Proven Performance: Extensive line of rugged USP and Ph.Eur. phases</li><li>Maximum Reproducibility: Each column has both a certificate of analysis and a certificate of quality assurance</li><li>Ultra-High Purity: Metal free silica (99.99% purity) &nbsp;ensures a low activity surface and less secondary interactions</li><li>Scalable: Phases available in 3,5, 10 and 15 µm particle size for scaling from analytical to prep and bulk purification</li></ul>Explore resolution with 10 unique Luna selectivities and find your next selectivity tool. Combined with high surface area the Luna family of columns offers an excellent HPLC performance for a wide range of chromatographic applications.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Phases_of_Luna_Columns_5b3ae06cee.jpg" alt="Phenomenex - Phases of Luna Columns" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Phases_of_Luna_Columns_5b3ae06cee.jpg 180w," sizes="100vw" width="565" height="490">

Phenomenex Biozen WCX LC columns

Biozen WCX reproduces heterogeneity with high yield using bioinert titanium column hardware.

Biozen WCX was constructed with linear polycarboxylate chains grafted to monosized non-porous polymeric particles, to sinuously envelop and separate proteins from acidic and basic variants. With a highly tuned and controlled manufacturing process, Biozen WCX affords scientists a way to reproducibly characterize heterogeneity with an added advantage of excellent recovery using bioinert titanium column hardware.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Biozen_WCX_HPLC_Column_c54ed3343d.webp" alt="Phenomenex: Biozen WCX HPLC Column" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Biozen_WCX_HPLC_Column_c54ed3343d.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="500" height="150"><ul><li>Separation Mode: Ion Exchange</li><li>Pore size: 0</li><li>Particle size: 6</li><li>Recommended Use: Separate proteins from acidic/basic variants</li></ul><h4>BioZen WCX Monosized Polymeric Non-Porous Particle</h4>Monosized particles grafted with linear polycarboxylate chains to envelop and separate proteins from acidic/basic variants.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_bio_Zen_WCX_Monosized_Polymeric_Non_Porous_Particle_edc90e05a7.jpg" alt="Phenomenex: bioZen WCX Monosized Polymeric Non-Porous Particle" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_bio_Zen_WCX_Monosized_Polymeric_Non_Porous_Particle_edc90e05a7.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="899" height="498"><h4>Minimize your priming and promote better recovery with our BioTi™ biocompatible hardware</h4><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Bio_Ti_biocompatible_hardware_31656d98d6.jpg" alt="Phenomenex: BioTi™ biocompatible hardware" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Bio_Ti_biocompatible_hardware_31656d98d6.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1306" height="511"><h4>Monosized Particles for Optimal Consistency</h4>Our specially crafted polymeric particle is produced with outstanding precision so that you can be confident in increased performance and minimized variation between lots.<h4>Charge Variant Analysis</h4>BioZen WCX was crafted to consistently decipher between native protein variants that arise from PTMs within a therapeutics creation and development. The linear polycarboxylate chains grafted to monosized non-porous polymeric particles, envelop and separate proteins from acidic and basic protein variants. With such a highly. tuned and controlled manufacturing process, bioZen WCX media affords scientists a way to reproducibly characterize heterogeneity while taking advantage of excellent recovery through high particle inertness and bioinert titanium BioTi™ column hardware.<h4>Native Mode Mass Spectrometry with bioZen WCX</h4>Ion-exchange chromatography (IEX) is a technique employed in the characterization of biotherapeutics under nondenaturing conditions. Standard mobile phase conditions for these techniques are high in salt concentration, rendering them incompatible with mass spectrometry (MS) detection. Native MS represents a cutting edge approach to employ MS compatible mobile phases for non-denaturing IEX analysis. Observe and measure the non-covalent interactions and charge variants of proteins at high resolution using bioZen WCX.<h3>Phenomenex Biozen Biologics LC Columns</h3>With a new titanium BioTi™ biocompatible hardware to minimize priming, four particle platforms for optimal versatility and nine particle chemistries to maximize selectivity and sensitivity, Biozen UHPLC/HPLC columns for protein analysis are seamlessly designed to bring peace of mind to your analysis of biologics through:<ul><li>Charge Variant Analysis</li><li>Aggregate Analysis</li><li>Peptide Mapping</li><li>Intact Mass Analysis</li><li>Intact and Subunit Analysis</li><li>Glycan Analysis</li><li>Peptide Quantitation</li><li>Drug Antibody Ratio (DAR)</li><li>Oligonucleotide Characterization</li></ul><h3>Biocompatible Flow Path with BioTi™ Hardware</h3>Keep your mind at ease knowing that we’ve minimized the need for priming with a new titanium infused biocompatible hardware and frit that doesn’t interfere with protein or peptide integrity!<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Bio_Ti_Hardware_991fb53395.jpg" alt="Phenomenex: BioTi Hardware" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Bio_Ti_Hardware_991fb53395.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1378" height="426"><h3>4 Advanced Particle Platforms</h3>All four of the Biozen particle platforms were individually designed and built by Phenomenex to take advantage of integral levels of performance, ruggedness, and reproducibility for protein characterization applications. Individually, each platform differs in the proprietary processing techniques used to control particle size and morphology.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Advanced_Particle_Platforms_a0959aca03.jpg" alt="Phenomenex: Advanced Particle Platforms" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Advanced_Particle_Platforms_a0959aca03.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1439" height="868">

Products from category IEX HPLC columns focused on Consumables - page 3

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