Tasty beer starts with knowing what’s in your hops. Explore how online SPE makes bitter acid analysis in hops faster and more reliable.<h4>How can you detect bitter acid profiles quickly, reliably, and more sustainably?</h4>For craft brewers and beer lovers alike, a refreshing experience is all about flavor.So how can you achieve the desired bitterness in your beer? The answer is not just about the recipe. Finding the right flavor profile starts with the bitter acids present in the starting hops material.<div><div>Hops (the heart of your favorite beer) are the source of the brew’s distinctive flavor tied to bitterness and aroma.At the molecular level, bitterness is driven by <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814622016338">α- and β-bitter acids</a>, like humulones and lupulones, whose concentrations determine the final sensory profile of the beer (Figure 1).Accurately characterizing these compounds in each batch allows brewers to unlock the full potential of every variety of hops.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_How_Bitter_Acid_Analysis_Helps_Brewers_Better_Control_Beer_Flavors_2_6435757c03.jpeg" alt="Thermo Fisher Scientific: How Bitter Acid Analysis Helps Brewers Better Control Beer Flavors: Figure 1. General chemical structure of hop bitter acids." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_How_Bitter_Acid_Analysis_Helps_Brewers_Better_Control_Beer_Flavors_2_6435757c03.jpeg 222w," sizes="100vw" width="700" height="493">While conventional analytical methods rely on long, manual sample preparation steps and hazardous solvents, laboratories now strive for greener and more efficient workflows.And moving from manual to online sample preparation is one of the easiest ways your lab can reduce waste and — most importantly — improve reliability with automation.<h4>Key takeaways</h4><ul><li>Online SPE reduces hands-on work, shortens turnaround time, and supports more sustainable methods by cutting solvent use and eliminating single-use cartridges.</li><li>Automated UHPLC workflows are easier for new users to execute, offering more reproducible quantifications of α- and β-bitter acids in hops.</li><li>Accurate bitter acid profiles help brewers distinguish hop varieties and control flavor with confidence.</li></ul><h4>Comparing offline vs. online solid phase extraction for bitter acid HPLC analysis</h4>If you’ve spent long hours in the lab preparing samples for hops analysis, you’re not alone.Manual sample preparation often takes the most time in hops analysis, an area where online <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/content/lifetech/global/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-learning-center/chromatography-consumables/sample-prep.html">solid phase extraction</a> (SPE) can make a real difference. Here’s why.Manual SPE has a lot of manual steps. Extraction. Cartridge loading. Washing. Elution. And sometimes solvent exchange or reduction. All before your actual analysis begins. This labor-intensive workflow can take up to an hour and depends strongly on operator skillsets, making reproducibility a challenge for new hires.<h4>Online SPE analysis provides key benefits like:</h4><ul><li>Hands-off workflow free of cartridges, manifolds, or vacuum steps.</li><li>Column washing and re-equilibration occur in parallel with separation.</li><li>SPE step is complete in just two minutes.</li><li>Minimizes operator-dependent variability.</li><li>Uses less than 8 mL of solvent.</li></ul>Let’s explore what this technique looks like in practice.<h4>Online SPE for analyzing α- and β-bitter acids in hops standard solutions.</h4>Changing your sample preparation from manual to automated isn’t complicated. With the right tools you can fully integrate online SPE with your UHPLC system (Figure 2).<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_How_Bitter_Acid_Analysis_Helps_Brewers_Better_Control_Beer_Flavors_3_4fb14243b4.jpeg" alt="Thermo Fisher Scientific: How Bitter Acid Analysis Helps Brewers Better Control Beer Flavors: Figure 2. Schematic workflow for the determination of bitter acids in hops. The process involves clean up and instrumental analysis using the Thermo Scientific Vanquish Online SPE UHPLC System." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_How_Bitter_Acid_Analysis_Helps_Brewers_Better_Control_Beer_Flavors_3_4fb14243b4.jpeg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="700" height="323"><h4>The process for analyzing a hops standard solution is straightforward:</h4><ol><li>First, extract hop samples with ethanol (a greener alternative to toluene or diethyl ether in conventional methods).</li><li>Inject the extract directly into your instrument for analysis. Bitter acids retain<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1970"> on the SPE column</a> while matrix interferences that can comprise quantitation are removed.</li><li>Next, backflush the SPE column to transfer the analytes to the<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/423"> analytical column </a>for separation. While this separation is taking place, the SPE column is washed and re-equilibrated in parallel, keeping the total run time to 15 minutes, with the separation of all six major bitter acids in a single analysis (Figure 3).</li></ol><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_How_Bitter_Acid_Analysis_Helps_Brewers_Better_Control_Beer_Flavors_4_1e47405e3c.jpeg" alt="Thermo Fisher Scientific: How Bitter Acid Analysis Helps Brewers Better Control Beer Flavors: Figure 3. UV chromatogram of hop bitter acids in standard solution (1-cohumulone, 2-humulone, 3-adhumulone, 4-colupulone, 5-lupulone, 6-adlupulone)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_How_Bitter_Acid_Analysis_Helps_Brewers_Better_Control_Beer_Flavors_4_1e47405e3c.jpeg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="700" height="347"><h4>Online SPE for analyzing α- and β-bitter acids in real hops samples</h4>Analytical labs need methods that are accurate and reliable for brewers to develop distinct and reproducible flavor profiles across batches.To assess the applicability of online SPE UHPLC methods for hops analysis, we analyzed bitter acid profiles from four species — Sultana, Barbe Rouge, Azacca, and Sabro.The concentration of α-acids dominated all samples, while each hops species exhibited distinct profiles in terms of α-acid and β-acid content, making them suitable for different brewing strategies (Figure 4).<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_How_Bitter_Acid_Analysis_Helps_Brewers_Better_Control_Beer_Flavors_5_3a179217db.jpeg" alt="Thermo Fisher Scientific: How Bitter Acid Analysis Helps Brewers Better Control Beer Flavors: Figure 4. Bitter acid profiles in four different hop species, error bars display SD (n=6). To check method consistency, we measured each hops extract six times. Variation between measurements was low, with relative standard deviation below 3.5 % across all hops species." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_How_Bitter_Acid_Analysis_Helps_Brewers_Better_Control_Beer_Flavors_5_3a179217db.jpeg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="700" height="410"><ul><li>For testing labs, this process translates into a workflow that is easy to run, fast, and delivers reliable results without added complexity.</li><li>For craft brewers, reliability means clear, trustworthy insights into hops bitter acid profiles, for better hop selection and more precise control of bitterness and flavor in your beer.</li></ul><h4>From carefully procured samples to tasty sips</h4>Efficient UHPLC workflows support faster results, less solvent use, and reliable bitterness data for brewers. And online SPE turns those advantages into practical, day-to-day benefits for brewers and labs alike.<ul><li>Less hands-on skills required for lab analysts</li><li>Faster results from labs to brewers</li><li>A more sustainable way to work</li><li>Clear insights into hops flavor</li></ul>To learn more about the method and see the full application data, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/cn_004238_hplc_vanquish_online_spe_bitter_acids_hops_cn004238_na_en_587a5d300b.pdf">check out our application note today</a>.<h4>FAQs</h4><div><div><h5>What are the key compounds in hops analyzed by HPLC?</h5>Bitter acids, namely α-acids and β-acids, especially the six major bitter acids (humulones and lupulones) that define hop bitterness and are required for quality control and brewing decisions.</div><div><h5>What column types are recommended for hop acid separations?</h5>Classical C18 Silica columns are ideal for bitter acids separation. UHPLC compatible columns with particle size ≤ 2 µm boost analysis with higher flow rate, thus shorter analysis time and solvent consumption.</div><div><h5>What’s the best workflow for hops analysis?</h5>A typical workflow for hop analysis consists of three main steps: extraction of the target compounds, clean-up of co-extracted matrix components, and instrumental analysis by HPLC or UHPLC. To keep this workflow efficient and reproducible, you should minimize manual handling and add in automation when possible. Integrating online SPE into your LC instrument allows sample clean-up to run automatically, reducing hands-on time, solvent use, and variability while delivering faster, more reliable results.</div></div><blockquote>Visit us on&nbsp;<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/72003132/admin/dashboard/">LinkedIn:</a>&nbsp;#UHPLC #Automation</blockquote></div></div>

How Bitter Acid Analysis Helps Brewers Better Control Beer Flavors

In the week of June 29, the following webinars await you in the field of liquid phase and especially HPLC and LC/MS.<blockquote><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinars">👉 DETAILS AND REGISTRATION IN THE WEBINARS SECTION</a></h4>👉 Search and filter in the largest global database with over 5 500 GC, LC, MS and spectroscopy webinars.</blockquote><h5>1. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Insights from an IC specialist: To be suppressed or not suppressed?</h5><ul><li>Tu, 30.6.2026 09:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6310">Registration</a></li></ul>Join Thermo Fisher’s Ask the Experts session to learn how suppressor technology impacts ion chromatography performance, sensitivity, reliability, maintenance, and troubleshooting.<h5>2. SCIEX: Advancing Proteomics with ZenoTOF: From Single-Cell Analysis to Plasma Biomarker Discovery</h5><ul><li>Tu, 30.6.2026 11:30 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6311">Registration</a></li></ul>Discover how ZenoTOF high-resolution mass spectrometry is accelerating single-cell proteomics and plasma biomarker discovery through enhanced sensitivity, throughput, and automation.<h5>3. Agilent Technologies: Measuring Diverse Samples with UV/VIS Spectrometers and Integrating Spheres</h5><ul><li>Tu, 30.6.2026 20:30 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6052">Registration</a></li></ul>This webinar will discuss diffuse transmission and reflection UV/VIS measurements, including how to perform measurements with Agilent’s Cary 60 UV/VIS Spectrometer.<h5>4. Waters Corporation: Informatics series #33 Tips, Tricks and Best Practices</h5><ul><li>Th, 2.7.2026 11:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6315">Registration</a></li></ul>This interactive session revisits essential features, shortcuts, and practical techniques in Empower software that can streamline everyday laboratory work and reduce unnecessary effort.<h5>5. Waters Corporation: Unlocking Therapeutic Peptide Characterisation (GLP-1RAs) with Cyclic IMS</h5><ul><li>Th, 2.7.2026 15:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6313">Registration</a></li></ul>Discover how cyclic ion mobility spectrometry (cyclic IMS) improves characterization of GLP-1 analogues and therapeutic peptides, supporting development, quality control, and regulatory submissions.<h5>6. Agilent Technologies: Spectral Flow Cytometry Masterclass - Session 1</h5><ul><li>Fr, 3.7.2026 07:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/6316">Registration</a></li></ul>Learn how full-spectrum flow cytometry enables high-dimensional cell analysis. Explore spectral flow technology, experimental design, and applications in immunology, oncology, and vaccine research.

Webinars LabRulezLCMS Week 27/2026

The international standard ISO/IEC 17025 [1] clause 7.7.2 with regards to ensuring the validity of results, requires a laboratory to participate in proficiency testing (PT) and/or to participate in interlaboratory comparisons (ILCs) other than PT. However, no guidance as to what these other ILCs might be, or indeed how they might compare in relation to PT, is provided. This leaflet aims to outline other ILCs available, pointing out some of the limitations as compared to PT.&nbsp;There are three major types of ILCs in which a group of laboratories analyses identical portions from a homogeneous, stable test sample, with each type being characterized by its intended purpose [2,3]:<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eurachem_Interlaboratory_comparisons_other_than_proficiency_testing_2_d9263807fb.jpg" alt="Eurachem: Interlaboratory comparisons other than proficiency testing" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eurachem_Interlaboratory_comparisons_other_than_proficiency_testing_2_d9263807fb.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1507" height="607">A key point is that PT is an ILC that is designed to specifically evaluate the performance of participants, providing them with an infrastructure to monitor and assess the validity of their results. This is not the key purpose of the two other ILCs, and thus depending on their intended purpose they have a number of limitations that laboratories need to be aware of when using them rather than PT. Only proficiency testing should have been conducted in full compliance to the competency standard ISO/IEC 17043 [4].&nbsp;<h4>Evaluation of measurement procedure performance&nbsp;</h4>These ILCs, are designed to assess how a particular measurement procedure performs and whether it is fit for its intended purpose. These ILCs are often referred to as a ‘method performance study’ or a ‘collaborative study’ [2]. Some limitations of using such ILCs for monitoring laboratory performance as an alternative to PT are:&nbsp;<ul><li>All participants use the same measurement procedure i.e. the measurement procedure that is being validated. Unless the measurement procedure is being routinely used by the participating laboratory such an ILC will not assess the routine performance of the laboratory using their own routine measurement procedure. Nor does it enable them to compare their performance with other laboratories using alternative measurement procedures.&nbsp;</li><li>The measurement procedure is likely to be new, so participants may not have established stable procedures and quality control, so performance may not reflect routine use.&nbsp;</li><li>The report from such an ILC would not provide information on the performance of the participant, if the statistical model used makes the assumption that all laboratories perform with equal variability.</li><li>The design of the study may require the participants to assess multiple samples and/or to undertake multiple replicate analysis on the test materials. This may not be representative of the routine measurements or tests undertaken by the laboratory.&nbsp;</li><li>The conclusion of the ILC might be that the measurement procedure being assessed is not valid.&nbsp;</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eurachem_Interlaboratory_comparisons_other_than_proficiency_testing_3_a53ecd2f5d.jpg" alt="Eurachem: Interlaboratory comparisons other than proficiency testing" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eurachem_Interlaboratory_comparisons_other_than_proficiency_testing_3_a53ecd2f5d.jpg 157w," sizes="100vw" width="570" height="566"><h4>Characterisation of candidate reference materials&nbsp;</h4>These are ILCs that assign a property value to a candidate reference material, usually with a stated measurement uncertainty. These are often referred to as a ‘material certification study’ [2]. Limitations of using such ILCs as an alternative to PT are:&nbsp;<ul><li>The analysis of the candidate reference material is likely to require additional care in exercising the routine measurement procedure, such as substantially more replication, and/or may require quite different reporting formats (e.g. all valid replicates instead of a mean result). Thus, such an ILC will not necessarily provide an evaluation of the performance of the laboratory based on the routine use of their measurement procedures.&nbsp;</li><li>The report from such an ILC may include the results from the participating laboratories but would not provide information on the performance of each laboratory.&nbsp;</li><li>Participating laboratories may be required to assess multiple samples and/or to undertake multiple replicate analysis on the candidate reference materials. Thus this may not be representative of the routine measurements or tests undertaken by the laboratory.&nbsp;</li></ul><h4>Other ILCs&nbsp;</h4>Some other ILCs, whilst not being conducted in full compliance of the requirements of ISO/IEC 17043, may be designed to evaluate participant performance. These would include small ILCs as defined by EA‑2/21 [5] or split sample ILCs i.e. where a portion of a single sample is sent to two or three laboratories. Whilst these ILCs are specifically designed to evaluate participant performance, they may not provide a comprehensive comparison that a PT might provide. In such cases the laboratory needs to evaluate carefully the competence of the organization managing the ILC and the suitability of the service externally provided (ISO/IEC 17025 clause 6.6).

Interlaboratory comparisons other than proficiency testing

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Agilent Technologies

When developing HPLC methods, isocratic and gradient methods offer different advantages. Knowing how to choose between the two types of methods is important for efficient method development.
In this talk we will look at how a scouting gradient can help determine whether an isocratic or gradient method is the best choice. The strengths of each will be discussed. They can help determine which to choose when conditions reasonably allow for a choice.
Lastly, we will briefly discuss how a scouting gradient can be used to optimize the conditions of an analytical gradient.
<blockquote>
Presenter: Paul Altiero (Application Engineer, Agilent Technologies, Inc.)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Paul Altiero is an Applications Engineer located at the Agilent Little Falls site in Wilmington, DE. Prior to coming to Agilent in 2009, Paul worked in the pharmaceutical industry performing LCMS bioanalysis supporting Drug Discovery DMPK. While at Agilent, Paul has been a field service engineer for LCMS as well as the integrating program manager for the RapidFire high throughput LCMS system. In his current role Paul’s responsibilities include technical support and application assistance for LCMS consumables.
</blockquote>

Agilent Technologies: Isocratic vs. Gradient: Making the Call

Isocratic vs. Gradient: Making the Call

How a scouting gradient can help determine whether an isocratic or gradient method is the best choice.

HPLC Isocratic vs. Gradient: Making the Call

With the addition of MS detection to HPLC analyses, certain considerations must be made in selecting columns and conditions.
In this seminar we will:
<ul>
<li>Discuss the fundamentals and applications of various LC/MS techniques.
</li>
<li>Look at column choices and mobile phase selection for LC separations as well as for MS sensitivity
</li>
<li>Address specific challenges to LC/MS analyses, such as interferences and ion suppression, will be addressed.
</li>
<li>The importance of sample preparation in minimizing problems with interferences will also be covered.
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Mark Powell (Application Engineer, Agilent Technologies, Inc.)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Mark Powell is an Applications Engineer located at Agilent’s Little Falls site in Wilmington, DE. Before joining Agilent in 2011, Mark worked in the pharmaceutical industry synthesizing, purifying and analyzing drug candidates. He provides applications assistance and technical support for Agilent’s HPLC columns and consumables.
</blockquote>

Agilent Technologies: Making LC Methods MS Friendly

Making LC Methods MS Friendly

With the addition of MS detection to HPLC analyses, certain considerations must be made in selecting columns and conditions.

How the chromatographic process works is not magic.
It is described by a few key parameters, such as resolution, retention factor, and selectivity. Understanding the equations that define these parameters can make them less intimidating.
In this talk we will discuss:
<ul>
<li>What they are and where they come from
</li>
<li>Their importance
</li>
<li>The effect they have on our chromatography
</li>
<li>When they don’t matter
</li>
</ul>
A better grasp of this key information helps make the separation work for us.
<blockquote>
Presenter: Bill Champion (Application Engineer, Agilent Technologies, Inc.)
</blockquote>

Agilent Technologies: Demystifying the Chromatographic Process

Demystifying the Chromatographic Process

How the chromatographic process works is not magic.

Developing reversed-phase chromatographic methods can often be both more efficient and made better by use of a systematic approach rather than a “random walk”.
Combining simple experimental design with chromatographic understanding can help us better understand how the chromatographic parameters affect the separation.
In this talk, we will discuss the use of simple experimental design to optimize our method development and how it can:
<ul>
<li>Help make the method more robust</li>
<li>Help us understand and predict chromatographic behavior</li>
<li>Make it possible to know which parameters are really important</li>
</ul>
Most of these experiments can be set up to run in a simple overnight sequence.
<blockquote>
Presenter: Bill Champion (Application Engineer, Agilent Technologies, Inc.)
</blockquote>

Agilent Technologies: Systematic Approach vs. Random Walk - Improving the Efficiency of Method Development and Optimization

Systematic Approach vs. Random Walk - Improving the Efficiency of Method Development and Optimization

Use of simple experimental design to optimize our method development.

HPLC Method Development and Optimization Basics

Whether you develop HPLC methods, run QC samples or perform contract analyses, longer analysis times cost more and FAST LC columns can help you reduce those costs.
In this seminar we will look at:
<ul>
<li>Easy-to-follow steps for converting existing methods
</li>
<li>Developing new, faster methods on existing equipment
</li>
<li>System improvements and adjustments, like flow path connections and detector acquisition rates that can help you get the best performance with your existing system.
</li>
</ul>
We’ll also discuss when and why to consider an enhanced UHPLC systems.
<blockquote>
Presenter: Rita Steed (Application Engineer, Agilent Technologies, Inc.)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Rita Steed began supporting the LC column line for Agilent in 1999. As a Chromatography Specialist (first with Chromatography, Inc., then directly for Agilent), Rita worked on-site with researchers in Pharmaceutical and other industries presenting technical seminars and assisting researchers with troubleshooting and method development. Rita has over 20 years of Chromatography experience in the Biotechnology, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical industries. She has held positions in Research, Sales, and Technical Service. Rita has earned degrees in Microbiology and Life Sciences/Biochemistry. In her current position, she is an inside Application Engineer supporting LC columns.
</blockquote>

Agilent Technologies: High Resolution Fast LC - Easier Than You Think with Simple Changes

High Resolution Fast LC - Easier Than You Think with Simple Changes

Developing new, faster methods on existing HPLC equipment.

Easier Than You Think with Simple Changes

Operating an HPLC can be overwhelming to a new user.
There are many pitfalls or “gotchas”. Even the issue of what tubing and fittings are compatible and which are not can be a serious impediment to successfully operating the HPLC.
In this talk, we will discuss:
<ul>
<li>The importance of connections
</li>
<li>Mobile Phase considerations
<ul>
<li>Quality
</li>
<li>Preventing microbial growth
</li>
<li>Sample/solvent compatibility
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Column Characteristics; Their importance and limitations
</li>
<li>The importance of sample prep
</li>
</ul>
Avoiding these pitfalls can help you achieve long-term, reliable results.
<blockquote>
Presenter: Rita Steed (Application Engineer, Agilent Technologies, Inc.)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Rita Steed began supporting the LC column line for Agilent in 1999. As a Chromatography Specialist (first with Chromatography, Inc., then directly for Agilent), Rita worked on-site with researchers in Pharmaceutical and other industries presenting technical seminars and assisting researchers with troubleshooting and method development. Rita has over 20 years of Chromatography experience in the Biotechnology, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical industries. She has held positions in Research, Sales, and Technical Service. Rita has earned degrees in Microbiology and Life Sciences/Biochemistry. In her current position, she is an inside Application Engineer supporting LC columns.
</blockquote>

Agilent Technologies: New to HPLC? Tips for Avoiding Beginner Pitfalls

New to HPLC? Tips for Avoiding Beginner Pitfalls

What tubing and fittings are compatible and which are not can be a serious impediment to successfully operating the HPLC.

GPC/SEC, Gel Permeation Chromatography or Size Exclusion Chromatography, is a non-interactive chromatographic technique that separates analytes based on their size in solution.
It is often used in laboratories for determination of a polymers&#39; molecular weight distribution but has many other uses.
In this talk we will:
<ul>
<li>Review GPC theory
</li>
<li>Discuss why molecular weight distribution is important
</li>
<li>Look at the different types of columns and their uses
</li>
<li>Cover key column selection criteria
</li>
<li>Show how key parameters like concentration, particle size, and injection volume can affect your separation
</li>
</ul>
We will also look at examples of common mistakes and pitfalls relating to solvent choice, calibration standards, and combining columns in series.
<blockquote>
Presenter: Jean Lane (Application Engineer, Agilent Technologies, Inc.)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Jean has been employed with Agilent since Nov 2010 in technical and applications support and has a primary role supporting Agilent’s full line of LC columns and consumables, which also includes support for Agilent’s GPC/SEC product line. She came to Agilent thru acquisition of Varian and the former Polymer Laboratories. Jean has 20 plus years of technical and applications support for both HPLC and GPC consumable products. In addition to practical chromatography experience in the laboratory, she has had many, many years in her technical role involving customer support providing assistance and troubleshooting for customer chromatography issues.
</blockquote>

Agilent Technologies: Gel Permeation Chromatography Basics and Beyond

Gel Permeation Chromatography Basics and Beyond

GPC/SEC, Gel Permeation Chromatography or Size Exclusion Chromatography.

Karl Fischer (KF) titration is an industry standard method for measuring water content in all types of substances.
However, for various reasons some substances are not suitable for a direct Karl Fischer titration:
<ul>
<li>They release their water only slowly
</li>
<li>The water is released at high temperature only
</li>
<li>The substances are poorly soluble in KF solvents
</li>
<li>They undergo side reactions with KF reagents
</li>
<li>They contaminate the titration cell or the electrodes
</li>
</ul>
By using the KF oven technique, the above-mentioned problems can be avoided. This makes the KF oven technique a perfect solution for the analysis of difficult samples.
By viewing this webinar you will learn…
<ul>
<li>how to analyse difficult samples
</li>
<li>how to properly prepare your titration system with KF oven
</li>
<li>how to prepare your sample
</li>
<li>how to select the optimal heating temperature
</li>
<li>which reagents and which water standards you should use to obtain accurate results
</li>
</ul>
After viewing this webinar you will know how to perform accurate titrations using the Karl Fischer oven technique. Additionally, the speakers will reveal tips and tricks to help you in the daily routine. The webinar will finish with live Q&amp;A session.
<blockquote>
Presenter: Michael Margreth (Senior Product Specialist Titration, Metrohm International Headquarters, Switzerland)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Michael Margreth studied chemistry at the University of Applied Science in Muttenz, Switzerland. He joined Metrohm in 2005 as an application specialist and gained titration experience in the application laboratory. Since 2008 he mainly focuses on Karl Fischer titration and the determination of water.
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Agnieszka Kossakowska (HYDRANAL Marketing Specialist, Honeywell Research Chemicals)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Agnieszka Kossakowska joined Honeywell in March 2016 as a marketing specialist providing technical support and onsite seminars for Honeywell’s Hydranal™ reagents for Karl Fischer titration. Agnieszka has more than 10 years of experience in analytical chemistry and conducts training across Europe, Middle East &amp; Africa, Latin America and Asia.
</blockquote>

Metrohm: Tips and tricks to analyze difficult samples using the Karl Fischer oven technique

LCMS webinars focusing on Academy/Principles - page 41