If you have been following my <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://concentratingonchromatography.com/">Concentrating on Chromatography podcast</a>, you know that I am constantly searching for the cutting edge of separation science. After years of interviewing the brightest minds in the field, it has become clear to me that the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/218">Multidimensional Chromatography Workshop (MDCW)</a> is undeniably the best up-and-coming event in our industry.While I was unfortunately traveling in Asia during the most recent session, I was able to catch every detail thanks to the incredible work of <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/1">LabRulez</a>. A huge thank you to Ivo Novotný and the LabRulez team for providing <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLg-M6fM-05MrGrDggkl_UKzzcHPWPmssh">Open Access video presentations</a> of the event. Their <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/">portal </a>is an invaluable resource for anyone who needs to find technical information quickly and efficiently.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Organomation_MDCW_The_Premier_Up_and_Coming_Event_in_Chromatography_2_65b378bf01.jpg" alt="Organomation: MDCW: The Premier Up-and-Coming Event in Chromatography" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Organomation_MDCW_The_Premier_Up_and_Coming_Event_in_Chromatography_2_65b378bf01.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1044" height="455"><h3>The Minds Behind the Magic</h3>I have had the privilege of featuring the core organizers of MDCW on my podcast, including <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/articles?search=Katelynn+Perrault+Uptmor">Katelynn Perrault Uptmor</a>, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/articles?search=Dwight+Stoll">Dwight Stoll</a>, and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/articles?search=Petr+Vozka">Petr Vozka</a>. Their dedication to creating a space where forensic chemistry, environmental analysis, and metabolomics intersect is what makes this workshop so unique. The event is a perfect showcase for how multidimensional techniques—like GC×GC and 2D-LC—are essential for tackling the world's most complex samples.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Organomation_MDCW_The_Premier_Up_and_Coming_Event_in_Chromatography_265c9ec21e.jpg" alt="Organomation: MDCW: The Premier Up-and-Coming Event in Chromatography" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Organomation_MDCW_The_Premier_Up_and_Coming_Event_in_Chromatography_265c9ec21e.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="792" height="230"><h3>Where Sample Prep Meets High-Resolution Analysis</h3>As we often discuss at Organomation, even the most advanced chromatographic systems depend on meticulous sample preparation. Two presentations highlighted in the LabRulez playlist perfectly illustrate the critical role of <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.organomation.com/what-is-solvent-evaporation">solvent evaporation</a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.organomation.com/what-is-sample-concentration">sample concentration</a>.<h3>Chemical Fingerprints: Emma Macturk’s Quest for Hidden Data</h3><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1W5197sp6IY">Emma Macturk</a>, working in Dr. Katelynn Perrault Uptmor’s lab, is redefining how we look at one of the oldest forms of forensic evidence: the fingerprint. While traditional forensics relies on the physical patterns of ridges and whorls, these are often incomplete or smudged in real-world scenarios. Emma’s research shifts the focus to the chemical residue left behind, which can provide vital "class characteristics" like the biological sex and relative age of a suspect.Her optimized workflow is a masterclass in handling complex biological matrices. Using a cotton swab to extract residue from surfaces, the samples are centrifuged and then "<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/5392">blown down</a>" (a critical concentration step for any trace analysis) before <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.organomation.com/what-is-reconstitution">being reconstituted for GC×GC-TOFMS</a>.What makes her work truly fascinating—and highly relevant for our readers at Organomation—is the discovery of anthropogenic compounds. Emma identified UVB blockers like octocrylene and various moisturizers hidden within the natural sterols and fatty acids of the skin. The power of multidimensional chromatography allows forensic scientists to resolve these external "lifestyle" markers from endogenous skin compounds, potentially providing a much more detailed profile of a suspect than a physical print ever could.<h3>The "Green" Revolution: Grace Saunders and the Future of Ballistics</h3><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ClD4fjZMNtA">Grace Saunders</a> addressed a looming crisis in forensic ballistics: the shift toward "green ammunition." For decades, the gold standard for detecting gunshot residue (GSR) has been SEM-EDS, which looks for heavy metals like lead, barium, and antimony. However, modern environmental and health standards are leading manufacturers to omit these metals. This means that traditional standards are failing to identify GSR in cases involving green rounds.Grace’s research proposes a dual-pronged approach, using GC×GC to target Organic Gunshot Residue (OGSR). Her liquid extraction protocol is meticulous: samples are extracted in methanol, "<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.organomation.com/what-is-evaporation-to-dryness">evaporated to dryness under nitrogen</a>," and then reconstituted. This ensures that volatile and semi-volatile nitroaromatic compounds, such as nitroglycerin and diphenylamine, are concentrated enough for detection.By optimizing parameters like the modulation period (2.5 seconds) and switching to hydrogen carrier gas, Grace was able to resolve these critical markers from the complex background "noise" of human skin. Her work isn't just about better chemistry; it’s about legal survival. As she noted, forensic methods must meet Federal Rule 702 for admissibility in court. Without the organic profiling Grace is developing, evidence from a "green" firearm discharge might never make it past a judge.<h3>The Future of Chromatography</h3>The workshop also featured brilliant presenters like <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YJm_JwHbArE">Ryland Giebelhaus</a>, whose work on the metabolomics of cannabis exposure during pregnancy shows the real-world impact of these technologies.The MDCW isn't just another conference; it is a community-driven powerhouse that bridges the gap between proof-of-concept and field-ready applications. Whether you are looking for advanced data reduction strategies or the latest in high-resolution mass spectrometry, this is the event to watch.<blockquote>If you missed it this year like I did, I highly recommend visiting the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?search=MDCW">LabRulez portal</a> to see the full breadth of research presented!</blockquote>

MDCW: The Premier Up-and-Coming Event in Chromatography

Visit the LabRulez booth at <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/events/871">analytica 2026</a> in Munich, 24. - 27. March 2026! You can find us in Hall A1, Booth A1.506. At the booth, you will be able to explore live demonstrations of how the LabRulez portals work and see selected analytical instruments from our pre-owned marketplace section.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Lab_Rulez_at_Analytica_2026_Floor_plan_55e1057e03.jpg" alt="LabRulez at Analytica 2026: Hall A1 Floor Plan and Booth Location" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Lab_Rulez_at_Analytica_2026_Floor_plan_55e1057e03.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1516" height="881"><h3>Would you like to learn how the LabRulez portals work?</h3>➡︎ <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/">LabRulezLCMS</a> ➡︎ <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/">LabRulezGCMS</a> ➡︎ <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/">LabRulezICPMS</a><ul><li>A unique online solution for your marketing</li><li>A targeted audience from the analytical chemistry community</li><li>Modern technologies and a unique concept</li><li>Design optimized for most smart devices – PC, mobile, and tablet</li><li>Advanced statistical tools fully available to users</li></ul><h3>Services Offered</h3><h4>News + Company Updates</h4><ul><li>Publish news related to your instrumentation, applications, services, events, job openings, and more</li><li>News is shared both on our portals and across our social media channels</li></ul><h4>Library – All Documents in One Place</h4><ul><li>Applications, posters, presentations, technical articles, brochures, specifications</li><li>Fast and advanced search capabilities</li><li>Over 32,000 documents currently available in our database</li></ul><h4>Webinars</h4><ul><li>Upcoming and on-demand webinars from the field of analytical chemistry</li><li>More than 5,500 webinars covering chromatography, mass spectrometry, and spectroscopy</li></ul><h4>Careers</h4><ul><li>Targeted job listings in analytical chemistry</li><li>Clear filtering by specialization or location</li><li>Increased visibility for job postings</li></ul><h4>Companies</h4><ul><li>Company profile with key information and contacts</li><li>Integration of all your activities on our portal: News, Library documents, Webinars, Upcoming Events, Careers, and mentions by partners or customers</li><li>Connection to your Products listed on LabRulez portals</li></ul><h4>Products and Services</h4><ul><li>Comprehensive overview of instrumental techniques and services</li><li>Targeting the analytical chemistry community and customers in the growing online environment</li></ul><h4>Marketplace</h4><ul><li>Buying and selling pre-owned analytical equipment</li><li>We purchase analytical instrumentation of all brands and ages</li><li>Sell your equipment through LabRulez</li><li>Request and purchase complete systems, modules, or spare parts with warranty and service</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Lab_Rulez_at_analytica_2026_bazar_7edf4a0872.jpg" alt="LabRulez at analytica 2026" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Lab_Rulez_at_analytica_2026_bazar_7edf4a0872.jpg 88w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="2844"><h3>What Will Be on Display at Our Booth?</h3>Come and explore selected spare parts and modules from our marketplace section. These include both new, tested, and pre-owned items.<h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/bazaar">LabRulezLCMS Marketplace</a></h4>Spare parts for LC/MS:<ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/bazaar?category=378">Vacuum turbo pumps for LC/MS</a></li></ul>Spare parts for HPLC:<ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/bazaar?category=397">Degassers for HPLC/UHPLC</a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/bazaar?category=368&amp;search=valve">Automatic valves for HPLC</a></li><li>HPLC components for Agilent 1100, 1200, and 1260 Infinity II series</li></ul>Consumables:<ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/bazaar?category=377">HPLC lamps</a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/bazaar?category=48">HPLC columns</a></li></ul><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/bazaar">LabRulezGCMS Marketplace</a></h4>Spare parts for GC/MS:<ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/bazaar?category=367&amp;search=turbo">Turbo pumps for GC/MS</a></li></ul>Spare parts for GC:<ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/bazaar?category=366&amp;search=EPC">EPC modules</a></li></ul>Sample injection<ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/bazaar/432">Autosampler 7693A for GC</a></li></ul>Consumables:<ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/bazaar?category=7">GC columns </a>and selected accessories</li></ul>

LabRulez at analytica 2026

Anna Vanluchene&nbsp;from UCT Prague’s&nbsp;Department of Chemical Engineering has received a&nbsp;prestigious start-up grant from the Dagmar Procházková Fund. However, she did not receive funding right away. In this interview, she describes how she developed ten versions of her&nbsp;Illuminating Flow&nbsp;project idea (combining photocatalysis with flow reactors for pharmaceutical synthesis). She explains why she considers perseverance to be crucial when applying for grants, how international experience has influenced her approach to team management, and how her research can reduce the chemical industry’s&nbsp;dependence on fossil fuels and imports from China.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VSCHT_Praha_Na_startovaci_grant_jsem_cekala_dva_roky_a_napsala_deset_verzi_projektu_2_5b7d63b8e9.jpg" alt="VŠCHT Prague/Tomáš Balický: I waited two years for a start-up grant and wrote ten versions of my project idea" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_VSCHT_Praha_Na_startovaci_grant_jsem_cekala_dva_roky_a_napsala_deset_verzi_projektu_2_5b7d63b8e9.jpg 127w," sizes="100vw" width="1128" height="1387"><h5>What did the Dagmar Procházková Fund grant mean to you?</h5>I&nbsp;consider it to be a&nbsp;great success. It is the first injection of funding that will allow me to ensure full independence for my research endeavour, to start my own research group, and to fund students so I&nbsp;can get started properly.<h5>What have been your previous experiences with grants?</h5>During my doctorate, a cotutelle (international doctorate under dual supervision), I&nbsp;was funded by a&nbsp;grant from the French government. Then I&nbsp;worked at the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (CAS) and received a&nbsp;Marie Skłodowska-Curie Action (MSCA) Postdoctoral Fellowship to go abroad. The idea for my now-funded project was developed about two years ago and, since then, I&nbsp;have gradually developed and adapted the idea for various grant calls. I&nbsp;submitted about ten different versions of the proposal. I&nbsp;did not receive a&nbsp;grant from the Dagmar Procházková Fund last year, but this year, my application was successful.<h5>This probably requires a&nbsp;great deal of patience and perseverance.</h5>Certainly, because the success rates for most grants have been declining for some time. But as a&nbsp;motivational example, I&nbsp;will tell the story of Timothy Noel, a&nbsp;Belgian professor of chemistry living in the Netherlands. He applied for the prestigious European Research Council (ERC) grant, which is among the most sought-after in Europe, seven times. But no failure deterred him and eventually he succeeded and opened the door to potentially massive grant funding. He was already one of the world’s&nbsp;top scientists in the field at that time and openly described his journey on his blog <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.noelresearchgroup.com/2022/03/17/my-personal-story-to-obtain-an-erc-grant-7-submissions-4-interviews-and-6-heartbreaks/">blog</a>.<h5>What advice does this convey to other grant applicants and early career researchers?</h5>Start early, read a&nbsp;lot, don’t&nbsp;give up, and—most importantly—apply repeatedly. Learn from rejections and overcome possible frustration from failures. Read blogs and books by successful people, where you will find not only the glorious results of their work, but also the hardships they faced over their entire journeys. Of course, building your team and laboratory is impossible without finances. I&nbsp;myself still hope that I&nbsp;will be able to receive even bigger grants in the future.<h5>How has your international experience influenced your scientific approach?</h5>A&nbsp;lot and on several levels. Different laboratories teach you how to do&nbsp;things differently. You gain varied experience about how different institutions function. You see other people’s&nbsp;positive motivations, their ability to be ambitious without negativity, their involvement in institutional matters, their openness to cooperation with companies (e.g., tech transfers, spin-offs). The most important thing is to broaden your horizons. I&nbsp;see going abroad as a&nbsp;necessity. What I&nbsp;have taken away the most is drive, great support, and the idea that scientific output is not just about metrics, but also about dedication to one’s&nbsp;topic.<h5>What is your Illuminating Flow: Transport Phenomena in Photocatalysis about, in layperson’s&nbsp;terms, and how is it unique?</h5>Most of today’s&nbsp;chemical industry is still based on thermal processes and fossil fuels. Photochemistry enables electrification, where the energy source is photons delivered by LEDs, which can generate electricity from renewable sources. Current research focuses mainly on chemical reactions and their mechanisms, but as a&nbsp;chemical engineer, I&nbsp;focus on designing processes and reactors suitable for industrial use. In batch reactors, light fades rapidly with distance from a&nbsp;source, so much of a&nbsp;reaction mixture is not illuminated. Flow reactors solve this problem, but they bring new challenges such as working with solid catalysts and subsequently scaling up production and achieving higher production rates of the desired chemicals at a&nbsp;given scale.One can imagine a&nbsp;transparent tube with a&nbsp;catalyst on the walls, upon which light shines and through which reactants flow. This project has a&nbsp;unique emphasis on engineering solutions and overall process efficiency.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VSCHT_Praha_Na_startovaci_grant_jsem_cekala_dva_roky_a_napsala_deset_verzi_projektu_3_b978abf25c.jpg" alt="VŠCHT Prague/Tomáš Balický: I waited two years for a start-up grant and wrote ten versions of my project idea" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_VSCHT_Praha_Na_startovaci_grant_jsem_cekala_dva_roky_a_napsala_deset_verzi_projektu_3_b978abf25c.jpg 241w," sizes="100vw" width="1228" height="799"><h5>So, were you inspired by a&nbsp;gap in the market to connect photocatalysis with transport phenomena?</h5>Exactly. I&nbsp;combine my areas of expertise: microfluidics, photocatalytic degradation of organic substances (CAS), and synthesis (MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowship). The idea itself is not new, and pharmaceutical companies are very interested in “greener” photochemistry, but in practice, there is often a&nbsp;lack of appropriate engineering solutions and apparatus for industrial use.<h5>What are the practical applications of your work and what substances are you focusing on?</h5>Mainly on pharmaceuticals and on the synthesis of so-called fine chemicals, which are often the building blocks for the production of pharmaceuticals. There is also a&nbsp;geopolitical dimension to this, i.e. less dependence on imports from China and sustainable synthesis in Europe where it makes economic sense.<h5>And what chemicals are you specifically talking about?</h5>For example, building blocks for advanced synthesis, compounds prepared by trifluoromethylation reactions, or products of oxidation reactions with singlet oxygen. At the same time, we focus on reactions that are, in the classical design process, less safe or technologically demanding, where new approaches, such as photochemistry in flow reactors, could be safer and have better process control. Of course, this is not a&nbsp;universal solution for all types of reactions.<h5>The goal of this project?</h5>I&nbsp;plan to start a&nbsp;fully functional laboratory and research team, create high-quality experimental data on selected molecules and based on them, try to build cooperation with industrial partners. Without data, it is impossible to come to companies with just an idea. Within three years, I&nbsp;would like to have results that can be realistically presented and further developed.<h5>What are the main challenges in transport phenomena during photocatalysis?</h5>The methodology for repeatability of experiments in photochemistry is relatively demanding and there are unforeseen obstacles in building apparatus. Also, the scale-up from microliters to a&nbsp;larger scale.<h5>What methodology will you use, and how big are the microreactors and their flow rates?</h5>I&nbsp;have two different directions in methodological design. The first direction involves microreactors the size of a&nbsp;laboratory slide. You make a&nbsp;structure using a&nbsp;laser, and then you have to cast it and make a&nbsp;microreactor. This allows you to quickly adjust the geometry of the reactor. This method is, of course, not applicable in the commercial setting, but it is ideal for studying transport phenomena and precise measurements.The second direction involves reactors that are flow cells. These are already larger, approximately 15 x 15 centimetres, and their flow rates are in the order of millilitres per hour. This is the initial scale that we will further increase during the project.<h5>There is a&nbsp;big difference between a&nbsp;flow rate of microlitres per hour and industrial needs. Will it not work differently in reality?</h5>Our research will focus on studying the phenomena themselves for now, and scaling will be addressed later. In addition, we will combine the experimental data obtained with computer simulations that will help design suitable conditions for a&nbsp;larger scale. For some high-value fine chemicals, these scales, combined with continuous operation or parallelization of reactors, may already be practically usable.<h5>What catalysts will you use and how will you attach them to the reactor walls?</h5>I&nbsp;am focusing on heterogeneous photocatalysis, and we will mainly use graphitic carbon nitride and its more advanced modifications. These are semiconductor materials that can be synthesized relatively easily and are suitable for immobilization on glass reactor walls. A&nbsp;key part of this project is the creation of a&nbsp;stable catalytic layer for long-term flow-through operations. To increase the contact of reactants with the catalyst, we will also consider multiphase modes, for example, gas bubbling, in order to disrupt the otherwise laminar flow.<h5>Why did you choose this field and the Department of Chemical Engineering?</h5>During my postdoc in Belgium, the department had an opening for an Assistant Professor position that caught my attention and I&nbsp;applied for it. I&nbsp;did my undergraduate, graduate, and initial doctoral studies here, and I&nbsp;love the department. I&nbsp;have a&nbsp;Bachelor’s&nbsp;degree in Chemistry.<h5>Are you collaborating with anyone?</h5>We collaborate with BUT Brno focusing on creating layers and immobilizing catalysts on glass, as well as with the Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. And as for organic synthesis, we are connected with Ghent University via postdoc internships. At the same time, my colleague Viola Tokárová and I&nbsp;received a&nbsp;Czech Science Foundation grant in cooperation with BUT Brno and Masaryk University, with our part of the project focusing on the use of flow reactors for photochemical reactions and testing the antibacterial properties of photocatalytic materials. And I&nbsp;am writing other grant proposals in which I&nbsp;am trying to build new collaborations.<h5>What does the creation of an independent research group at UCT Prague look like?</h5>I&nbsp;started by renovating the premises that were assigned to me and gradually building my team. It is important for research work to have Ph.D. students; I&nbsp;have already hired one and we will recruit more. In addition to building the group, I&nbsp;will engage in securing further funding for the group, so I&nbsp;will be writing more grant proposals. It is important to think far enough in advance when it comes to prospective funding for a&nbsp;research group.<h5>What type of students are you looking for?</h5>The laboratory and team I&nbsp;are building will be very multidisciplinary, just like the area I&nbsp;am working on. That is why I&nbsp;am looking for students who are attracted to true multidisciplinary research, those who, for example, have knowledge of engineering, but who don’t&nbsp;mind a&nbsp;little bit of pure chemistry. One student in their own right does not have to (and cannot) know every subject, so I&nbsp;will ideally have a&nbsp;team consisting of different people with different research backgrounds. Motivated, DIY-type students who would rather enthusiastically build or invent something themselves than conduct repetitive measurements. Organic or analytical chemists will also find their place here. If this topic is interesting to students in any way, they can definitely contact me. I&nbsp;am also open to interdepartmental cooperation with other UCT Prague Faculties.<h5>How would you describe your path to photocatalysis/chemical engineering?</h5>Studying Chemistry as an undergrad gave me a&nbsp;broad perspective, but I&nbsp;was gradually narrowing my focus and eventually chose engineering. Chemical engineering intrigued me with its logic and was the easiest for me to grasp at the time. But I&nbsp;have always enjoyed working on projects more than the studies themselves. Even during my Bachelor studies, I&nbsp;really enjoyed and was interested in the Professor Štěpánek Group’s&nbsp;projects, where I&nbsp;was doing something completely different than I&nbsp;do&nbsp;now. I&nbsp;only got into photochemistry during my time at CAS and then, during my postdoctoral fellowship, I&nbsp;devoted myself to electrochemistry. My current focus is, thus, a&nbsp;natural interlinking of all these areas. Consequentially, I&nbsp;developed an awareness of the necessity to become independent and return to the department with my own, different research agenda, which, in my opinion, is an important and correct basis for establishing my own research group.<h5>What is the biggest challenge of this project for you?</h5>The transition from being a&nbsp;postdoc to a&nbsp;leadership position is a&nbsp;big change for me and I&nbsp;think it is not talked about enough. It means a&nbsp;shift from my own experimental work to leading a&nbsp;team, planning and delegating tasks, and motivating students. From a&nbsp;practical point of view, one of the main challenges is the transfer of reactions from the microscale to functional systems, the construction of reactors, the immobilization of catalysts, and generally confirming that this direction makes sense in the long term and that it has future potential.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VSCHT_Praha_Na_startovaci_grant_jsem_cekala_dva_roky_a_napsala_deset_verzi_projektu_1_66ac267e06.jpg" alt="VŠCHT Prague/Tomáš Balický: I waited two years for a start-up grant and wrote ten versions of my project idea" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_VSCHT_Praha_Na_startovaci_grant_jsem_cekala_dva_roky_a_napsala_deset_verzi_projektu_1_66ac267e06.jpg 155w," sizes="100vw" width="830" height="839">

I waited two years for a start-up grant and wrote ten versions of my project idea

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The University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague is a natural centre of first-rate study and research in the area of chemistry in Czechia and is one of the country's largest educational and research institutions focused on technical chemistry, chemical and biochemical technologies, material and chemical engineering, food chemistry, and environmental studies.

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The world's most advanced light scattering instrument for absolute characterization of proteins, conjugates, macromolecules, and nanoparticles.

<h5>Premier MALS</h5>The DAWN instrument is the premier Multi-Angle static Light Scattering (MALS) detector for absolute characterization of the molar mass and size of macromolecules and nanoparticles in solution. It offers the highest sensitivity, the widest range of molecular weight, size, and concentration, and the largest selection of configurations and optional modules for enhanced capabilities.<h5>Separation First</h5>MALS is most often used in conjunction with a separation system such as Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC-MALS), Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC-MALS), or Field-Flow Fractionation (FFF-MALS) to determine distributions of mass, size, and composition, independent of column calibration by reference standards.<h5>Supported by ASTRA ™ &nbsp;Software</h5>ASTRA Software and its built-in analysis modules support the DAWN MALS instrument, providing the most versatile analysis available for online multi-angle and dynamic light scattering measurements.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Waters_DAWN_MALS_HPLC_detektor_konfigurace_d5b83e46b2.jpg" alt="Waters DAWN™ Multi Angle Light Scattering (MALS) Instrument: ASTRA Software" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Waters_DAWN_MALS_HPLC_detektor_konfigurace_d5b83e46b2.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1500" height="807"><h4>Product description</h4>The DAWN and its companion Optilab ™ &nbsp;dRI detector are the established benchmarks for MALS analysis, cited in thousands of peer-reviewed publications. Multi-angle light scattering detection is indispensable for use with GPC and HPLC-SEC in order to obtain reliable molecular mass distributions and information on molecular conformation, branching ratio, fragments and aggregates.SEC-MALS with a DAWN and Optilab characterizes conformation and branching of synthetic and natural polymers larger than 10 nm in rms radius R g . The addition of a ViscoStar ™&nbsp; differential viscometer creates a GPC triple-detection system that can analyze molecular conformation and size below the R g &nbsp;limit of 10 nm and determine Mark-Houwink Sakurada coefficients.The combination of a UV/Vis absorbance detector with a DAWN instrument and Optilab refractive index detector creates a UV-MALS-RI triple-detection system, for analysis of copolymers and protein conjugates (glycoproteins, PEGylated proteins, surfactant-bound membrane proteins, etc.). With the addition of a WyattQELS ™ &nbsp;DLS module for size determination, protein conformation may be analyzed.<ul><li>Mw &nbsp;from 200 Da to 1000 MDa</li><li>Sensitivity: 10 ng/mL 100 kDa polystyrene in THF, 0.4 µg/mL BSA (66.4 kDa) in PBS</li><li>Rg &nbsp;from 10 to 500 nm, up to 1000 nm with shape-specific models</li><li>Ultra-stable, high-power laser</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Waters_DAWN_MALS_HPLC_detektor_konfigurace_1_98811a1e87.jpg" alt="Waters DAWN™ Multi Angle Light Scattering (MALS) Instrument: Accessories" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Waters_DAWN_MALS_HPLC_detektor_konfigurace_1_98811a1e87.jpg 213w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="733">The DAWN may also be used in batch (off-line) mode to characterize the weight-average molar mass, z-average size and second virial coefficient of unfractionated samples.In conjunction with a Calypso ™ &nbsp;CG-MALS system, the DAWN characterizes macromolecular interactions, label-free and immobilization-free: affinity and absolute stoichiometry of self- and hetero-association of simple or complex molecular systems. The Calypso system also automates the determination of second virial coefficients, cross virial coefficients, average molar masses and sizes.<h5>Ultrasonic Cleaning Included</h5>Each DAWN instrument includes an embedded COMET ™ &nbsp;ultrasonic transducer that cleans the flow cell automatically by agitating the fluid and loosening particles from the glass surfaces.<h5>Temperature-Controlled Models</h5><ul><li>Ambient model</li><li>Ultra-High-Temperature (UHT) model, from ambient up to +210 °C</li><li>Standard Peltier heated/cooled (H/C) model, temperature control from -15 °C to +150 °C</li></ul><h4>Specifications</h4><h5>Measurement Capabilities</h5><ul><li>Molar Mass Range: From 200 Da to 1 GDa, depending on dn/dc, sample concentration, and chromatography conditions.</li><li>Molecular Size (Radius of Gyration, Rg): Approximately 10 nm to 500 nm, extendable to 1000 nm with shape-specific models.</li><li>Hydrodynamic Radius (Rh):<ul><li>Flow mode: 0.5 nm to 300 nm (depending on configuration and flow rate).</li><li>Batch mode: 0.5 nm to 1 µm (requires WyattQELS™ DLS module or DynaPro™ NanoStar™ with fiber optic connection).</li></ul></li><li>Sensitivity: Detects as little as 10 ng of 100 kDa polystyrene in THF or 200 ng of BSA in PBS, using a standard 7.8 mm x 300 mm SEC column and no post-column filter.</li></ul><h5>Fluidics and Compatibility</h5><ul><li>Mobile Phase: Compatible with both aqueous and organic solvents.</li><li>Wetted Materials: 316 stainless steel, fused silica or F2 glass, and Kalrez.</li></ul><h5>Optical System and Detectors</h5><ul><li>MALS Detectors: 18 photodiodes with high gain and wide dynamic range for multi-angle light scattering.</li><li>Auxiliary Detectors:<ul><li>Laser monitor for stabilization</li><li>Forward transmission monitor to improve data quality and correct for sample absorption</li></ul></li><li>Dynamic Range: 3,300,000:1</li><li>Optional DLS Detection:<ul><li>Integrated WyattQELS™ module inside the DAWN</li><li>External fiber optic connection with DynaPro NanoStar or Mobius DLS-ELS instruments</li></ul></li></ul><h5>Laser Specifications</h5><ul><li>Wavelength: Standard 658 nm ± 4 nm; optional 785 nm for fluorescent samples</li><li>Power Control: Programmable from 10% to 100%</li></ul><h5>Flow Cell Options</h5><ul><li>Fused Silica: Ideal for solvents with refractive index &lt; 1.50</li><li>F2 Glass: Recommended for solvents with refractive index &gt; 1.50</li></ul><h5>Temperature Control Options</h5><ul><li>Ambient operation</li><li>Heated/Cooled (HC): -15 °C to +150 °C</li><li>Ultra-High Temperature (UHT): Ambient to +210 °C</li></ul><h5>Electronics and Connectivity</h5><ul><li>Analog Inputs: 4 differential inputs, 24-bit resolution, range -10 V to +10 V</li><li>Analog Outputs: 2 outputs from selectable measurement channels, -10 V to +10 V</li><li>I/O Options: Alarm in/out, auto-inject control, and Orbit™ valve integration</li><li>Computer Interface: Ethernet</li><li>Display: 10.1” high-resolution capacitive touchscreen with multi-touch controls</li></ul><h5>Instrument Dimensions</h5><ul><li>Size: 58 cm (L) x 36 cm (W) x 26 cm (H)</li></ul><h4>Other MALS Instruments</h4><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1115">miniDAWN™</a> &nbsp;- Second only to the DAWN in sensitivity. Incorporates detectors at 3 angles to determine molar masses from 200 Da to 10 MDa and radii from 10 – 50 nm. Ambient only.</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1116">microDAWN™</a>&nbsp; - The first MALS detector for UHPLC, with interdetector dispersion as low as 1.5 µL. Incorporates detectors at 3 angles to determine molar masses from 200 Da to 20 MDa and radii from 10 – 50 nm. Ambient only.</li><li>ultraDAWN™ &nbsp;- Measures multi-angle light scattering and reports the results – weight-average molecular weight Mw &nbsp;and rms radius Rg &nbsp;– in real time.</li></ul>

Waters/Wyatt miniDAWN™ Multi Angle Light Scattering (MALS) Detector

The Best in Basic Multi-Angle Light Scattering for Absolute Macromolecular Analysis.

<h4>Overview</h4><h5>Molar Mass</h5>The miniDAWN determines absolute molar mass and size to characterize proteins, peptides, small polymers and nanoparticles in solution. Coupled to size exclusion chromatography (SEC or GPC), it eliminates the uncertainty and hassle of column calibration, for true confidence in macromolecular characterization.<h5>Superb Sensitivity</h5>The miniDAWN not only offers superb sensitivity—it further enhances productivity thanks to greatly enhanced field serviceability and easy data analysis with One-Click Mw™ .<h5>Compatible with ASTRA™&nbsp;</h5>The miniDAWN is accompanied by ASTRA, the most versatile software package available for analysis of online multi-angle and dynamic light scattering. ASTRA and the miniDAWN incorporate advanced ease-of-use features that help guarantee excellent measurements with a single click.<h4>Product Description</h4><h5>Molar mass, absolutely</h5>Wyatt's miniDAWN is most often used in conjunction with size exclusion chromatography (SEC-MALS) or field-flow fractionation (FFF-MALS) to determine distributions of molecular weight, size and composition. No need to make assumptions about molecular conformation or ideal column interactions.<h5>Characterize:</h5><ul><li>Proteins, small peptides and oligonucleotides</li><li>Synthetic and natural polymers</li><li>Nanoparticles, virus-like particles and vesicles</li></ul><h5>Measurement Range:</h5><ul><li>MW from 200 Da to 10 MDa</li><li>rg &nbsp;from 10 to 50 nm, up to 150 nm with shape-specific models</li><li>sensitivity down to 25 ng of 100 kDa polystyrene in THF, injected on a standard GPC column</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Waters_Mini_DAWN_urcuje_molekulovou_hmotnost_nezavisle_na_kalibraci_kolony_Zde_MALS_ukazuje_ze_nejdrive_eluujici_molekula_nema_nejvyssi_molarni_hmotnost_509e5530ea.jpg" alt="Waters: The miniDAWN determines molecular weight independently of column calibration. Here MALS shows that the earliest-eluting molecule does not have the highest molar mass." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Waters_Mini_DAWN_urcuje_molekulovou_hmotnost_nezavisle_na_kalibraci_kolony_Zde_MALS_ukazuje_ze_nejdrive_eluujici_molekula_nema_nejvyssi_molarni_hmotnost_509e5530ea.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="820" height="438">The miniDAWN's performance is exceeded only by the DAWN™ which covers a wider range of size and molecular weight, with even better sensitivity and additional optional modules.<h5>Ultrasonic Cleaning Included</h5>Each miniDAWN includes an embedded COMET™ ultrasonic transducer that cleans the flow cell automatically by agitating the fluid and loosening particles from the glass surfaces.<h5>Modularity = Productivity</h5>The miniDAWN incorporates a fully modular design. Each module can be tested independently by the software to verify that it is functioning correctly. This imparts nearly complete field serviceability, since malfunctioning modules can be replaced and validated on-site by service engineers with no further calibration or alignment.The miniDAWN is also field-upgradeable: the embedded WyattQELS™ DLS Module for measuring hydrodynamic radii from 0.5 to 50 nm can be installed on-site as well as in new units shipped from the factory.<h5>Not just SEC-MALS...</h5>Wyatt's miniDAWN may be used in batch (off-line) mode or in conjunction with a Calypso™ CG-MALS system for characterization of average solution properties as well as macromolecular interaction properties including protein-protein binding affinity and complex stoichiometry.<h5>Simplicity personified</h5>With miniDAWN and ASTRA™, SEC-MALS became a whole lot easier. Sample-specific methods are set up in three short steps with ASTRA's Method Wizard, and new capabilities for automatic data processing mean that it takes just one click from your sample to a full report of the molecular weight and size results.The miniDAWN's System Ready monitor will even let you know when the system is fully equilibrated with low baseline noise, ready to run.<h4>Specifications</h4><h5>Measurement Capabilities</h5><ul><li>Molar Mass Range: 200 Da to 10 MDa for proteins; up to 1 MDa for linear polymers (depending on dn/dc, sample concentration, and chromatography conditions).</li><li>Molecular Size (Radius of Gyration, Rg): Approximately 10 nm to 50 nm, extendable up to 150 nm with shape-specific modeling.</li><li>Hydrodynamic Radius (Rh):<ul><li>Flow mode: 0.5 nm to 50 nm (optimal at flow rates ≤ 0.3 mL/min)</li><li>Batch mode: 0.5 nm to 1 µm (requires WyattQELS™ module or DynaPro™ NanoStar™ with fiber optic connection)</li></ul></li><li>Sensitivity: Detects as little as 25 ng of 100 kDa polystyrene in THF or 500 ng of BSA in PBS using a standard 7.8 mm x 300 mm SEC column with no post-column filter.</li></ul><h5>Fluidics and Compatibility</h5><ul><li>Mobile Phase Compatibility: Compatible with both aqueous and organic solvents.</li><li>Wetted Materials: 316 stainless steel, fused silica, and Kalrez.</li></ul><h5>Optical System and Detectors</h5><ul><li>MALS Detectors: Three high-gain, high dynamic range photodiodes at fixed angles.</li><li>Auxiliary Detectors:<ul><li>Laser monitor for stability control</li><li>Forward transmission monitor for absorbing samples and data quality evaluation</li></ul></li><li>Dynamic Range: 3,300,000:1</li><li>Optional DLS Detection:<ul><li>Integrated WyattQELS™ module within the miniDAWN chassis</li><li>External fiber optic connection from DynaPro™ NanoStar or Mobius™ DLS-ELS instruments</li></ul></li></ul><h5>Laser Specifications</h5><ul><li>Wavelength: 658 nm ± 4 nm</li><li>Power Control: Programmable from 10% to 100%</li></ul><h5>Temperature Control</h5><ul><li>Sample Temperature: Ambient</li></ul><h5>Electronics and Connectivity</h5><ul><li>Analog Inputs: 2 differential inputs, 24-bit resolution, ±10 V range</li><li>Analog Outputs: 1 output from a selectable measurement channel, ±10 V range</li><li>I/O Ports: Alarm in/out, auto-inject control, Orbit™ recycle valve support</li><li>Computer Interface: Ethernet</li><li>Data Rate: Up to 36.6 Hz</li></ul><h5>User Interface and Display</h5><ul><li>Front Panel: 7” (178 mm) high-resolution multi-touch display for real-time signal viewing, diagnostics, and settings</li></ul><h5>Instrument Dimensions</h5><ul><li>Size: 58 cm (L) x 36 cm (W) x 18 cm (H)</li></ul><h4>Other MALS Instruments</h4><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1114">DAWN™</a> - The most sensitive MALS detector available, anywhere. Incorporates detectors at 18 angles to determine molar masses from 200 Da to 1 GDa and radii from 10 – 500 nm.<ul><li>Standard option: ambient temperature</li><li>Heated/cooled option: -15 °C to +150 °C</li><li>High-temperature option: ambient to +210 °C</li><li>The DAWN offers special options to handle fluorescent samples: fluorescence-blocking filters and an infrared, 785 nm laser.</li></ul></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1116">microDAWN™</a> - The first MALS detector for UHPLC, with interdetector dispersion as low as 1.5 µL. Incorporates detectors at 3 angles to determine molar masses from 200 Da to 20 MDa and radii from 10 – 50 nm. Ambient only.</li><li>ultraDAWN™ - Measures multi-angle light scattering and reports the results – weight-average molecular weight Mw &nbsp;and rms radius Rg &nbsp;– in real time.</li></ul>

Waters/Wyatt microDAWN™ Multi Angle Light Scattering (MALS) Detector

The microDAWN can be coupled to any UHPLC-SEC system to determine absolute molecular weights and sizes of polymers, peptides, or proteins directly, without resorting to column calibration or reference standards.

<h4>Overview</h4><h5>UHPLC-SEC System</h5>The microDAWN can be coupled to any UHPLC-SEC system to determine absolute molecular weights and sizes of polymers, peptides, or proteins directly, without resorting to column calibration or reference standards. The microDAWN produces minimal band broadening in order to maintain the narrow peaks typical of UHPLC, while meeting or exceeding the sensitivity of the miniDAWN™.<h4>Product Description</h4>The microDAWN MALS detector performs absolute characterization of macromolecules eluting from UHPLC, determining molar mass and size independently of retention time and molecular reference standards. This instrument offers superb sensitivity over a wide range of molar mass, size and concentrations. In most respects the microDAWN is similar to the well-established miniDAWN™, a workhorse MALS instrument used in hundreds of labs around the world for characterizing proteins and other molecules smaller than 50 nm in radius.Distinctly from the miniDAWN, the microDAWN is uniquely suitable for use in conjunction with UHPLC Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC-MALS) thanks to its small interdetector dispersion. In some cases it may be used with ion-exchange or other types of chromatography. Regardless of the specifics, the microDAWN produces minimal band broadening in order to maintain the narrow peaks typical of UHPLC.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Waters_micro_DAWN_MALS_HPLC_detektor_konfigurace_1_4e888650cf.jpg" alt="Waters microDAWN™ Multi Angle Light Scattering (MALS) Instrument: Experimental setup" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Waters_micro_DAWN_MALS_HPLC_detektor_konfigurace_1_4e888650cf.jpg 229w," sizes="100vw" width="894" height="609"><ul><li>Mw&nbsp; from 200 Da to 10 MDa</li><li>Sensitivity: 1.0 µg/mL BSA (66.4 kDa) in PBS; 50 ng/mL 100 kDa polystyrene in THF.</li><li>Rg &nbsp;from 10 to 50 nm</li><li>Ultra-stable laser</li></ul>The microDAWN and its companion microOptilab™ Refractive Index Detector interface to most standard UHPLC systems. As these detectors are based on the advanced technology of Wyatt's miniDAWN and Optilab™, respectively, users may be confident in the underlying capabilities cited in thousands of peer-reviewed publications.<h5>Ultrasonic Cleaning Included</h5>Each microDAWN includes a COMET™ ultrasonic transducer that cleans MALS flow cells automatically by agitating the fluid and loosening particles from the glass surfaces.<h4>Specifications</h4><h5>Measurement Capabilities</h5><ul><li>Molar Mass Range: From 200 Da to 10 MDa for proteins; up to 1 MDa for linear polymers (Typical, depending on dn/dc, sample concentration, and chromatography conditions)</li><li>Molecular or Particle Size (Radius of Gyration, Rg): 10 nm to 50 nm, extendable up to 150 nm with shape-specific modeling</li><li>Hydrodynamic Radius (Rh):<ul><li>Flow mode: 0.5 nm to 30 nm</li><li>Batch mode: 0.5 nm to 1 µm (Requires WyattQELS™ DLS module or DynaPro™ NanoStar™ with fiber optic connection)</li></ul></li><li>Sensitivity: Detects as little as 3.5 ng of 100 kDa polystyrene in THF or 70 ng of BSA in PBS, assuming use of a 15 cm UHPLC-SEC column with no post-column filter</li></ul><h5>Optical System and Detectors</h5><ul><li>MALS Detectors: Three high-gain photodiodes with broad dynamic range for multi-angle light scattering</li><li>Dynamic Range: 3,300,000:1</li><li>Auxiliary Detectors:<ul><li>Laser monitor for stabilization feedback</li><li>Forward transmission monitor for absorbing samples and data quality assessment</li></ul></li><li>Optional DLS Detection:<ul><li>Integrated WyattQELS™ module within the microDAWN chassis</li><li>External DLS connection via fiber optic from DynaPro™ NanoStar or Mobius™ DLS-ELS instruments</li></ul></li></ul><h5>Laser Specifications</h5><ul><li>Wavelength: 658 nm ± 4 nm</li><li>Power Control: Programmable from 10% to 100%</li></ul><h5>Sample Temperature and Flow Characteristics</h5><ul><li>Sample Temperature: Ambient</li><li>Interdetector Band Broadening:<ul><li>Upstream detector to microDAWN: &lt; 1.5 µL</li><li>Upstream to downstream detector: &lt; 1.6 µL</li></ul></li></ul><h5>Material Compatibility</h5><ul><li>Wetted Materials: 316 stainless steel, fused silica, PEEK, PTFE, and MP35N (iron-free alloy)</li></ul><h5>Electronics and Connectivity</h5><ul><li>Analog Inputs: 2 differential inputs, 24-bit resolution, ±10 V input range</li><li>Analog Outputs: 1 output from a user-selectable measurement channel, ±10 V range</li><li>I/O Ports: Alarm in/out, auto-inject control, Orbit™ valve integration</li><li>Computer Interface: Ethernet</li><li>Data Transmission Rate: Up to 73 Hz</li></ul><h5>User Interface</h5><ul><li>Display: 7” (178 mm) high-resolution multi-touch screen for signal monitoring, instrument settings, and diagnostics</li></ul><h5>Instrument Dimensions</h5><ul><li>Size: 58 cm (L) x 36 cm (W) x 18 cm (H)</li></ul><h4>Other MALS Instruments</h4><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1114">DAWN™</a> - The most sensitive MALS detector available, anywhere. Incorporates detectors at 18 angles to determine molar masses from 200 Da to 1 GDa and radii from 10 – 500 nm.<ul><li>Standard option: ambient temperature</li><li>Heated/cooled option: -15 °C to +150 °C</li><li>High-temperature option: ambient to +210 °C</li><li>The DAWN offers special options to handle fluorescent samples: fluorescence-blocking filters and an infrared, 785 nm laser.</li></ul></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1115">miniDAWN™</a> - Second only to the DAWN in sensitivity. Incorporates detectors at 3 angles to determine molar masses from 200 Da to 10 MDa and radii from 10 – 50 nm. Ambient only.</li><li>ultraDAWN™ - Measures multi-angle light scattering and reports the results – weight-average molecular weight Mw &nbsp;and rms radius Rg &nbsp;– in real time.</li></ul>

Waters/Wyatt ViscoStar HPLC viscometer

Waters ViscoStar is a highly sensitive, on-line differential viscometer used in conjunction with SEC-MALS-IV to determine the size and conformation of all types of biopolymers, synthetic polymers and even proteins and peptides.

<h4>Highly Sensitive</h4>A highly sensitive, on-line differential viscometer used in conjunction with SEC-MALS-IV to determine the size and conformation of all types of biopolymers, synthetic polymers and even proteins and peptides.<h4>Multiple Novel Technologies</h4>The ViscoStar incorporates multiple novel technologies to provide the highest sensitivity, stability and solvent compatibility of any available viscometer for GPC. Its ease-of-use and serviceability make it the perfect companion for Wyatt's DAWN™ light scattering and Optilab™ refractive index detectors.<h4>Another path to polymer and protein characterization: SEC-MALS-IV</h4>When coupled with size-exclusion chromatography and a concentration detector such as the Optilab™ , the ViscoStar derives the intrinsic viscosity (IV) of polymers. An inherently valuable physico-chemical property in itself, IV is best utilized together with molar mass information from multi-angle light scattering (SEC-MALS-IV) to derive the hydrodynamic radius, conformation, and branching ratio of a macromolecule in solution.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Waters_Visco_Star_pump_pulse_suppression_with_inset_e8c2fbfc18.jpg" alt="Waters ViscoStar: Patented pulse compensation technology in the ViscoStar eliminates pump fluctuations. At the hardware level, the bridge is impedance matched for dynamic balance, greatly reducing the effect of pump pulses. An additional layer of software filtering eliminates residual pump pulses." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Waters_Visco_Star_pump_pulse_suppression_with_inset_e8c2fbfc18.jpg 233w," sizes="100vw" width="348" height="233"><h5>Key benefits of the ViscoStar</h5><ul><li>High sensitivity, equivalent to 100 ng of 100 kDa polystyrene in THF at 1.0 mL/min injected onto a standard GPC column</li><li>High dynamic range of over 135,000:1. The full measurement range corresponds to over 13 mg/mL of 100 kDa polystyrene in THF</li><li>Extended solvent compatibility with all-316 stainless steel transducers</li><li>Temperature range from 4 °C to 70 °C for polymers or proteins that require a range of temperatures</li><li>Minimal band broadening thanks to fast pressure transducers</li><li>Pump pulse suppression to below 4 Pa (hardware alone) or 1 Pa (hardware + software) without loss of chromatographic resolution</li><li>Automated capillary bridge tuning with no moving parts, to guarantee a perfectly balanced bridge, every run</li><li>Enhanced thermal stability with drift of &lt;2.5 Pa/hour</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Waters_Visco_Star_cmc_plga_intrinsic_viscosity_graphs_be99c5d115.jpg" alt="Waters ViscoStar: The ViscoStar provides the highest available dynamic range and sensitivity in online viscometry. This graph shows the intrinsic viscosities of 1) poly(lactic co-glycolic acid), or PLGA, in THF and 2) carboxymethyl cellulose, or CMC, in aqueous mobile phase, both measured with a ViscoStar and Optilab, spanning a range from tens to thousands of mL/g. The same instruments readily measure intrinsic viscosity values in the low single digits with excellent signal-to-noise, even at very low concentrations." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Waters_Visco_Star_cmc_plga_intrinsic_viscosity_graphs_be99c5d115.jpg 236w," sizes="100vw" width="406" height="268"><h5>SEC-IV without MALS?</h5>Yes, as much as we love MALS for optimal polymer analysis, it's true that there are occasions when it just won't fit the bill.Universal calibration is a parallel technique to SEC-MALS for determining molecular weight, commonly used to characterize linear polymers. While universal calibration overcomes some of the problematic issues associated with column calibration by reference molecules, it does not account for non-ideal column behavior caused by chemical solute-column interactions or hyperbranching.Universal calibration is particularly-well suited to replace MALS for:<ul><li>Strongly fluorescent polymers, in particular those not adequately addressed by a DAWN™ with long-wavelength (785 nm) laser or a standard DAWN (685 nm) with fluorescence-blocking filters.</li><li>Weakly-scattering polymer/solvent systems with very low dn/dc values</li></ul>The Mark-Houwink-Sakurada relationship makes use of empirical relationships between intrinsic viscosity and molar mass, specific to each polymer and solvent, to estimate molar mass from SEC-IV measurements. Of course, the best way to determine MHS coefficients is to measure them using SEC-MALS-IV and ASTRA™!<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Waters_Visco_Star_v3_protein_rh_measurements_0951d3769a.jpg" alt="Waters ViscoStar: Three IgG proteins with similar MWs eluted at different elution volumes. To understand their different elution properties, online DLS is typically used to measure the hydrodynamic radius, R h , of a protein. However, online DLS did not provide reliable insights, in this case due to the relatively high experimental uncertainty of the DLS. The precise Rh values obtained with a MALS detector and the ViscoStar III, on the other hand, clearly revealed the causes. IgG B eluted later than IgG A due to its more compact structure; IgG C had a slight interaction with the SEC column." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Waters_Visco_Star_v3_protein_rh_measurements_0951d3769a.jpg 237w," sizes="100vw" width="401" height="264"><h4>Specifications</h4><h5>Measurement Capabilities – Differential Viscosity</h5><ul><li>Sensitivity: Detects as little as 0.1 µg of 100 kDa polystyrene in THF at 1 mL/min under typical GPC conditions.</li><li>Differential Pressure Performance:<ul><li>Noise: &lt; 0.05 Pa</li><li>Range: 6.9 kPa, with built-in overpressure protection</li><li>Drift: &lt; 2.5 Pa/hr</li><li>Linearity: Within 0.5% of full scale</li><li>Dynamic Range: 135,000:1</li></ul></li><li>Capillary Bridge Autobalance: Thermally regulated, leak-free mechanism ensures stable baseline and precision.</li><li>Sample Shear Rate: Up to 5000 Hz with water at 1 mL/min</li></ul><h5>Fluidics and Flow Compatibility</h5><ul><li>Maximum Flow Rate:<ul><li>Aqueous: 1.5 mL/min</li><li>THF: 3 mL/min</li></ul></li><li>Delay Volume Options: Configurable at 16.2, 10.8, or 5.4 mL; optional factory-installed upgrade to 32.4 mL (Note: actual column fluid volume is approx. half the listed value)</li><li>Maximum Inlet-to-Outlet Pressure: 690 kPa</li><li>Wetted Materials: 316 stainless steel, PTFE, zirconium silicate, Kalrez, Inconel, and 26-1 stainless steel – all selected for chemical resistance and long-term durability</li></ul><h5>Temperature Control</h5><ul><li>Operating Range: 4 °C to 70 °C</li><li>Stability: Maintains temperature within &lt; 0.005 °C for precise measurements</li><li>Ambient Conditions: 0 °C to 40 °C; relative humidity 20% to 70%</li></ul><h5>Electronics and Connectivity</h5><ul><li>Digital Output: 20-bit resolution at 10 Hz for high-fidelity data</li><li>Auxiliary I/O:<ul><li>Inputs: Autoinject contact closure, Alarm In, and 2 analog inputs (18-bit, ±10 V)</li><li>Outputs: Autoinject retransmit, Alarm Out, Recycle Out</li></ul></li><li>Communication Interface: Ethernet for seamless integration into lab networks and data systems</li></ul><h5>User Interface</h5><ul><li>Front Panel Display: 7” (178 mm) high-resolution capacitive touchscreen for monitoring signals, diagnostics, and adjusting settings with ease</li></ul><h5>Instrument Dimensions</h5><ul><li>Size: 58 cm (L) × 36 cm (W) × 18 cm (H)</li></ul><h4>Other Viscometers</h4><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1267">microViscoStar™ </a>- Similar to the ViscoStar but designed specifically for use with UHPLC/APC.</li></ul>

Waters/Wyatt microViscoStar viscometer

The Waters microViscoStar incorporates multiple novel technologies to provide the highest sensitivity, stability and solvent compatibility of any available viscometer for UHPLC. 

<h4>Highly Sensitive</h4>A highly sensitive, on-line differential viscometer used with SEC-MALS-IV to determine the size and conformation of polymers, proteins and peptides separated by UHPLC.<h4>Multiple Novel Technologies</h4>The microViscoStar™ incorporates multiple novel technologies to provide the highest sensitivity, stability and solvent compatibility of any available viscometer for UHPLC. Its ease-of-use and serviceability make it the perfect companion for Wyatt's microDAWN™ light scattering and microOptilab™ refractive index detectors for UHPLC.<h4>Another path to polymer and protein characterization: SEC-MALS-IV</h4>When coupled with size-exclusion chromatography and a concentration detector such as the Optilab™ , the microViscoStar derives the intrinsic viscosity (IV) of polymers. An inherently valuable physico-chemical property in itself, IV is best utilized together with molar mass information from multi-angle light scattering (SEC-MALS-IV) to derive the hydrodynamic radius, conformation, and branching ratio of a macromolecule in solution.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Waters_Visco_Star_pump_pulse_suppression_with_inset_e8c2fbfc18.jpg" alt="Waters microViscoStar: Patented pulse compensation technology in the microViscoStar eliminates pump fluctuations. At the hardware level, the bridge is impedance-matched for dynamic balance, greatly reducing the effect of pump pulses. An additional layer of software filtering eliminates residual pump pulses." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Waters_Visco_Star_pump_pulse_suppression_with_inset_e8c2fbfc18.jpg 233w," sizes="100vw" width="348" height="233"><h5>Key benefits of the ViscoStar</h5><ul><li>High sensitivity, equivalent to 5 ng of 100 kDa polystyrene in THF at 1.0 mL/min injected onto a standard GPC column</li><li>High dynamic range of over 135,000:1. The full measurement range corresponds to over 13 mg/mL of 100 kDa polystyrene in THF</li><li>Extended solvent compatibility with all-316 stainless steel transducers</li><li>Temperature range from 4 °C to 70 °C for polymers or proteins that require a range of temperatures</li><li>Minimal band broadening thanks to fast pressure transducers</li><li>Pump pulse suppression to below 4 Pa (hardware alone) or 1 Pa (hardware + software) without loss of chromatographic resolution</li><li>Automated capillary bridge tuning with no moving parts, to guarantee a perfectly balanced bridge, every run</li><li>Enhanced thermal stability with drift of &lt;1.25 Pa/hour</li></ul><h4>SEC-IV without MALS?</h4>Yes, as much as we love MALS for optimal polymer analysis, it's true that there are occasions when it just won't fit the bill.Universal calibration is a parallel technique to SEC-MALS for determining molecular weight, commonly used to characterize linear polymers. While universal calibration overcomes some of the problematic issues associated with column calibration by reference molecules, it does not account for non-ideal column behavior caused by chemical solute-column interactions or hyperbranching.Universal calibration is particularly-well suited to replace MALS for:<ul><li>Strongly fluorescent polymers</li><li>Weakly-scattering polymer/solvent systems with very low dn/dc values</li></ul>The Mark-Houwink-Sakurada relationship makes use of empirical relationships between intrinsic viscosity and molar mass, specific to each polymer and solvent, to estimate molar mass from SEC-IV measurements. Of course, the best way to determine MHS coefficients is to measure them using SEC-MALS-IV and ASTRA™<h4>Specifications</h4><h5>Measurement Capabilities – Differential Viscosity</h5><ul><li>Sensitivity: Detects as little as 5 ng of 100 kDa polystyrene in THF at 1 mL/min under typical UHPLC-SEC conditions.</li><li>Differential Pressure Performance:<ul><li>Noise: &lt; 0.05 Pa</li><li>Range: Up to 6.9 kPa, with overpressure protection</li><li>Drift: &lt; 1.25 Pa/hr</li><li>Linearity: Within 0.5% of full scale</li><li>Dynamic Range: 135,000:1</li></ul></li><li>Capillary Bridge Autobalance: Thermal, leak-free mechanism ensures stable baseline performance.</li><li>Sample Shear Rate: Up to 15,000 Hz with water at 1 mL/min for high-resolution viscosity profiling.</li></ul><h5>Fluidics and Compatibility</h5><ul><li>Maximum Flow Rate: Aqueous and THF: up to 1 mL/min (Note: Using an inline UV detector may reduce allowable flow rate.)</li><li>Delay Volume: 5.4 mL</li><li>Maximum Inlet-to-Outlet Pressure: 3000 kPa (435 psi)</li><li>Wetted Materials: 316 stainless steel, PTFE, zirconium silicate, Kalrez®, Inconel, 26-1 stainless steel, and nickel</li></ul><blockquote>Note: Due to the location of wetted components, this instrument is primarily recommended for use with organic solvents. High-ionic-strength buffers may cause corrosion.</blockquote><h5>Temperature Control</h5><ul><li>Operating Range: 4 °C to 70 °C</li><li>Stability: Maintains temperature within &lt; 0.005 °C</li><li>Ambient Conditions: 0 °C to 40 °C; 20% to 70% relative humidity</li></ul><h5>Electronics and Connectivity</h5><ul><li>Digital Output: 20-bit resolution at 10 Hz</li><li>Auxiliary I/O:<ul><li>Inputs: Autoinject contact closure, Alarm In, and 2 analog inputs (16-bit, ±10 V)</li><li>Outputs: Autoinject retransmit, Alarm Out, Recycle Out</li></ul></li><li>Communication Interface: Ethernet</li></ul><h5>User Interface</h5><ul><li>Front Panel Display: 7” (178 mm) high-resolution, capacitive multi-touch screen for real-time monitoring, configuration, and diagnostics</li></ul><h5>Instrument Dimensions</h5><ul><li>Size: 60 cm (L) × 36 cm (W) × 17 cm (H)</li></ul><h4>Other Viscometers</h4><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1117">ViscoStar™</a> - A highly sensitive, on-line differential viscometer used in conjunction with SEC-MALS to determine the size and conformation of all types of biopolymers, synthetic polymers and even proteins and peptides.</li><li>The ViscoStar incorporates multiple novel technologies to provide the highest sensitivity, stability and solvent compatibility of any available viscometer for GPC. Its ease-of-use and serviceability make it the perfect companion for Wyatt's DAWN® light scattering and Optilab® refractive index detectors. Temperature-controlled from 4 °C to 70 °C .</li></ul>

Waters/Wyatt Optilab On-line Differential Refractometer

The Waters Optilab is a unique dRI detector for standard HPLC/GPC with 256 times the detection power and 50 times the dynamic range of every other RI detector for chromatography in existence today, making it a valuable addition to any MALS setup.

<h4>Independent of Chromaphores</h4>Independent of chromaphores or fluorophores, differential Refractive Index (dRI) detectors serve as accurate and versatile concentration detectors in all types of solvents. dRI is part of standard instrumentation for a variety of macromolecular characterization techniques including standard chromatography, SEC-MALS, FFF-MALS and CG-MALS.<h4>Unique dRI Detector</h4>The Optilab is a unique dRI detector for standard HPLC/GPC with 256 times the detection power and 50 times the dynamic range of every other RI detector for chromatography in existence today, making it a valuable addition to any MALS setup.<h4>Product Description</h4>Using a combination of cutting-edge semiconductor photodiode technology and proprietary computer algorithms, the Optilab achieves an unprecedented combination of sensitivity and range. These features mean that it addresses both standard chromatographic applications and some challenges unique to light scattering measurements such as high concentrations, determination of sample refractive increments (dn/dc) and solvent refractive index.<h5>Key Benefits</h5><ul><li>Extraordinary dRI measurement range, -0.0047 to +0.0047 RIU (comparable to 25 mg/mL protein in PBS)</li><li>Highly sensitive, ±7.5 x 10 -10 &nbsp;RIU across the entire measurement range</li><li>Measures solvent absolute refractive index, required for MALS calculations</li><li>Measures at the same wavelength as the MALS detector, for maximum accuracy in MALS calculations</li><li>Band broadening &lt; 20 µL preserves SEC resolution</li><li>Temperature range 4 °C to 65 °C for proteins and polymers that require a range of temperatures</li><li>High-resolution, touch-screen front panel displays data graphs and diagnostics, even with the host computer turned off</li></ul><h5>Unparalleled Features</h5>Even though the Optilab offers a dRI measurement range orders of magnitude beyond that of other dRI detectors, unlike other detectors there are no range or gain settings in the Optilab. The full range of instrument detection is always present, and the full sensitivity exists over the entire range.The Optilab can also do something no other on-line refractive index detector can: it can measure the absolute refractive index of a solution. In addition, it can measure the dn/dc of a solvent at the same wavelength of light as the light scattering instrument. And just to make sure it can't be matched, you can replace the light source in the Optilab for other wavelengths (e.g., 690, 633, 488, etc.) in just minutes!The Optilab can go below ambient temperatures as easily as above ambient. No hassle temperature control can be programmed from 4 °C to 65 °C. Compatible with all HPLC systems.<h4>Specifications</h4><h5>Measurement Capabilities – Differential Refractive Index</h5>Standard Optilab Configuration<ul><li>Measurement Range: –0.0047 to +0.0047 RIU</li><li>Peak-to-Peak Noise: ±7.5 × 10⁻¹⁰ RIU (Measured per ASTM-E1303-95 at 25 °C)</li></ul>High Concentration (HC) Option<ul><li>Measurement Range: –0.0026 to +0.034 RIU</li><li>Peak-to-Peak Noise: ±1.5 × 10⁻⁹ RIU (Optimized for higher concentration samples)</li><li>Response Time: User-selectable from 0.1 to 5 seconds</li><li>Absolute Refractive Index Measurement Range: 1.2 to 1.8 RIU</li><li>Absolute RI Sensitivity: ±0.002 RIU</li></ul>Fluidics and Flow Properties<ul><li>Band Broadening: &lt;12 µL</li><li>Fill Volume (Inlet Tubing + Flow Cell): 51.4 µL</li><li>Outlet Tubing Volume (0.030" ID): 370 µL</li></ul>Pressure Ratings<ul><li>Inlet Back Pressure (0.5 mL/min H₂O @ 20 °C): &lt;22 psi (1.5 bar)</li><li>Max Outlet Back Pressure: 30 psi (2 bar)</li></ul>Temperature Control<ul><li>Sample Temperature Control Range: 4 °C to 65 °C</li><li>Regulation Stability: ±0.005 °C</li></ul>Light Source Options<ul><li>Standard: 660 nm</li><li>HC Model (Optional): 488 nm, 785 nm, or 940 nm</li></ul>Safety Features<ul><li>Built-in vapor and liquid leak sensors for enhanced lab safety</li></ul>Electronics and Connectivity<ul><li>Digital Output: 22+ bit resolution @ 10 Hz</li><li>Analog Output: ±10 V or ±1 V, 18-bit resolution</li><li>Computer Interface: Ethernet</li></ul>Auxiliary I/O Ports<ul><li>Inputs:<ul><li>Analog In (16-bit, ±10 V A/D)</li><li>Zero dRI</li><li>Purge</li><li>Recycle In</li><li>Autoinject In</li><li>Alarm In</li></ul></li><li>Outputs:<ul><li>Autoinject Retransmit</li><li>Alarm Out</li><li>Recycle Out (controls Orbit™ valve switching)</li></ul></li></ul>User Interface<ul><li>Front Panel Display: 7” (178 mm) high-resolution multi-touch screen for viewing signals, diagnostics, and adjusting instrument settings</li></ul>Instrument Dimensions<ul><li>Size: 58 cm (L) × 36 cm (W) × 18 cm (H)</li></ul><h4>Other Refractive Index Detectors</h4><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1269">microOptilab™</a> - The first RI detector specifically designed for use with all UHPLC systems.</li></ul>

Waters/Wyatt microOptilab On-line Differential Refractometer

The Waters microOptilab brings the universal detection capabilities, unsurpassed concentration range, and superb sensitivity and linearity

<h4>Independent of Chromaphores</h4>Independent of chromaphores or fluorophores, differential Refractive Index (dRI) detectors measure concentrations of all types of samples in almost all solvents. The microOptilab brings the universal detection capabilities, unsurpassed concentration range, and superb sensitivity and linearity – familiar from the Optilab™ – to the domain of UHPLC.<h4>SEC-MALS with UHPLC</h4>Like standard SEC, UHPLC-SEC analysis relying on column calibration with molecular standards is unreliable when the standards do not accurately reflect your samples in terms of conformation, non-ideal (e.g., hydrophobic) column interactions or reversible association. SEC-MALS employs a microDAWN™ MALS detector downstream of the SEC column and UV detector, to determine molar mass / molecular weight distributions of macromolecules independently of column calibration.Refractive index detection is an important component of any SEC-MALS system, and necessary for analyzing conjugated proteins or polymers devoid of chromaphores. The microOptilab connects with the microDAWN MALS detector for a complete UHP-SEC-MALS setup that transfers the many benefits of SEC-MALS analysis to the realm of UHPLC.<h5>Key benefits</h5><ul><li>Very low band broadening, &lt; 4 µL, to maintain the resolution of very narrow UHPLC peaks</li><li>Extraordinary dRI measurement range, -4.7 x 10 -3 &nbsp;to +4.7 x 10 -3 &nbsp;RIU (comparable to 25 mg/mL protein in PBS)</li><li>Highly sensitive, ± 1.5 x 10 -9 &nbsp;RIU across the entire measurement range</li><li>Measures solvent refractive index, require for MALS calculations</li><li>Measures at the same wavelength as the MALS detector, for maximum accuracy in MALS calculations</li><li>Temperature range 4 °C to 65 °C for proteins and polymers that require a range of temperatures</li><li>High-resolution, touch-screen front panel displays data graphs and instrument diagnostics, even with the host computer turned off</li></ul><h5>Unparalleled features</h5><ul><li>Considering the extremely small peak volumes of UHPLC, band broadening in the microOptilab is kept to the absolute minimum, at less than 4 µL, as compared to 20 - 40 µL or more for standard RI detectors. As a result, the superior resolution from UHPLC columns and instruments will not be compromised with the microOptilab RI detector.</li><li>Even though the microOptilab offers a dRI measurement range orders of magnitude beyond that of other UHPLC dRI detectors, unlike other detectors there are no range or gain settings in the microOptilab. The full range of instrument detection is always present, and the full sensitivity exists over the entire range. The small flow cell and proprietary temperature regulation enable stable RI baselines and signals which further enhance the detector's sensitivity.</li><li>Unlike all other dRI detectors, the microOptilab also measures absolute refractive index in order to determine solvent RI, necessary in light scattering calculations and useful in assessing the accuracy of mixing of solvent gradients.</li><li>The microOptilab can be operated below ambient temperatures as easily as above ambient. No hassle temperature control can be programmed down to 4 °C or as high as 65 °C.</li><li>The microOptilab is compatible with all UHPLC systems.</li></ul><h4>Specifications</h4><h5>Measurement Capabilities – Differential Refractive Index</h5><ul><li>Differential RI Measurement Range: –0.0047 to +0.0047 RIU</li><li>Peak-to-Peak Noise: ±1.5 × 10⁻⁹ RIU (Measured per ASTM-E1303-95 at 25 °C with a 0.5 sec collection interval)</li><li>Response Time: User-selectable from 0.04 to 5 seconds</li><li>Absolute Refractive Index Range: 1.2 to 1.8 RIU</li><li>Absolute RI Sensitivity: ±0.002 RIU</li></ul>Fluidics and Flow Properties<ul><li>Band Broadening: &lt;4 µL (at 0.3 mL/min)</li><li>Fill Volume (Inlet Tubing + Flow Cell): 13.7 µL</li><li>Outlet Tubing Volume (0.030” ID): 228 µL</li></ul>Pressure Ratings<ul><li>Inlet Back Pressure (0.5 mL/min H₂O @ 20 °C): &lt;320 psi (22 bar)</li><li>Maximum Permissible Outlet Pressure: 30 psi (2 bar)</li></ul>Temperature Control<ul><li>Control Range: 4 °C to 65 °C</li><li>Stability: ±0.005 °C for precise thermal regulation</li></ul>Optical Source and Safety<ul><li>Light Source: 660 nm wavelength</li><li>Safety Sensors: Integrated vapor and liquid leak detection</li></ul>Electronics and Connectivity<ul><li>Digital Output Rate: 25 Hz</li><li>Analog Output: ±10 V or ±1 V, 18-bit resolution</li><li>Computer Interface: Ethernet for seamless data connectivity</li></ul>Auxiliary I/O Ports<ul><li>Inputs:<ul><li>Analog In (16-bit, ±10 V A/D)</li><li>Zero dRI</li><li>Purge</li><li>Recycle In</li><li>Autoinject In</li><li>Alarm In</li></ul></li><li>Outputs:<ul><li>Autoinject Retransmit</li><li>Alarm Out</li><li>Recycle Out (Orbit™ valve switching)</li></ul></li></ul>User Interface<ul><li>Display: 7” (178 mm) high-resolution multi-touch screen for viewing live signals, diagnostics, and configuring instrument settings</li></ul>Instrument Dimensions<ul><li>Size: 58 cm (L) × 36 cm (W) × 18 cm (H)</li></ul><h4>Other Refractive Index Detectors</h4><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1268">Optilab™</a> - A unique on-line differential refractometer for measuring concentration of any macromolecule, regardless of chromophores. Temperature controlled from 4 °C to 65 °C. The high-concentration option accommodates protein concentration up to 180 mg/mL.</li></ul>

Waters Charged Aerosol Detector (CAD)

Waters Charged Aerosol Detector (CAD) enables universal quantitation of non-volatile and semi-volatile compounds independent of UV activity, with wide dynamic range and seamless integration with Empower™ Software.

<h3>Expand Your Detection Range with a Detector Purpose-Built for Empower™ Software</h3>Empower™ Software–based laboratories require detection solutions that are easy to adopt, robust, and capable of accurately quantifying non-volatile and semi-volatile compounds—regardless of chemical structure or UV activity. The Waters Charged Aerosol Detector (CAD) is purposefully engineered to meet these demands, delivering universal, reliable detection fully integrated with Waters chromatography systems and Empower™ or MassLynx™ Software.With a wide dynamic range exceeding four orders of magnitude, the Waters CAD enables simultaneous quantitation of low-level, non-UV-active analytes, along with related impurities and excipients, in a single run—helping laboratories reduce method development time, increase productivity, and improve process control.<h4>Key Benefits</h4><ul><li>Universal detection without UV limitations Detect and quantify non-volatile and semi-volatile compounds independent of chromophore presence.</li><li>Wide dynamic range (&gt;4 orders of magnitude) Confidently quantify trace-level components and major constituents simultaneously.</li><li>Purpose-built for Empower™ Software Seamless integration into regulated workflows with Empower-based qualification and long-term software compatibility.</li><li>Compatible across Waters LC platforms Integrates easily with Alliance™, Arc™, ACQUITY™ Arc, ACQUITY™ H-Class, ACQUITY™ I-Class, and UPLC™ Systems.</li><li>Designed for robustness and ease of use Optimized hardware, simplified maintenance, and enhanced system protection features minimize downtime.</li></ul><h4>Technical Specifications</h4><h5>Detector Performance</h5><ul><li>Detector flow rate: 0.010–2.000 mL/min</li><li>Dynamic range: Greater than four orders of magnitude (four individual power values)</li><li>Sampling rate: Up to 200 Hz</li><li>Number of channels: Four (4), supported by four (4) independent background current channels</li></ul><h5>Temperature Control</h5><ul><li>Evaporation temperature:<ul><li>Ambient (off)</li><li>Controlled range: 10 °C to 100 °C (0.1 °C increments)</li><li>Minimum of 5 °C above ambient</li></ul></li></ul><h5>Gas Requirements</h5><ul><li>Inert gas supply: Nitrogen (recommended) or compressed air</li><li>Inlet pressure: 4.83–5.52 bar (483–552 kPa, 70.0–80.0 psi)</li><li>Gas consumption: Typically ≤ 5 L/min</li></ul><h5>Diagnostics and Monitoring</h5><ul><li>Diagnostic channels include:<ul><li>Nebulizer gas flow and pressure (psi)</li><li>Evaporator temperature (°C)</li><li>Ion trap voltage (V)</li><li>Charger current (µA)</li><li>Mixing chamber temperature (°C)</li></ul></li></ul><h5>Electrical and Physical Specifications</h5><ul><li>Power requirements: 100–240 VAC</li><li>Dimensions:<ul><li>Width: 34.3 cm (13.5 in)</li><li>Height: 20.8 cm (8.2 in)</li><li>Depth: 61.0 cm (24.0 in)</li></ul></li><li>Biocompatible: No</li></ul><h5>Software and System Compatibility</h5><ul><li>Optimized for Empower™ Software and MassLynx™ Software control</li><li>Robust chromatography data system (CDS) communications to minimize downtime</li><li>Backward compatibility to Empower™ 3 Feature Release 4 Service Release 3 (SR3)</li><li>Fully compatible with systems qualification and validation requirements in regulated environments</li></ul><h5>Seamless Method Transfer Across Laboratories</h5>The Waters CAD is designed to simplify method transfer within organizations and across external laboratories. It maintains method simplicity while adding enhanced tools for equivalency and reproducibility, reducing the need for revalidation when transitioning from legacy or third-party CAD solutions.The intuitive ACQUITY™ console control panel enables straightforward operation and simplifies replacement of outdated technology across laboratory networks.<h5>Designed for Ease of Use and Reliability</h5><ul><li>Single filter manifold with push/pull filter replacement</li><li>Easy-to-replace nebulizer for improved serviceability</li><li>Intelligent divert valve automatically sends flow to waste if gas pressure is lost or system errors occur</li><li>Enhanced leak detection and flood protection, safeguarding instruments in the event of CDS communication loss</li></ul><h5>Recommended Use</h5>Accurate quantitation in:<ul><li>HPLC, UHPLC, and UPLC separations</li><li>Preparative and purification workflows</li><li>Pharmaceutical QC and R&amp;D</li><li>Analysis of excipients, lipids, sugars, surfactants, and non-UV-active impurities</li></ul>

Products from category HPLC detectors distributed by Waters Corporation (Europe) - page 1

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