<div>Mulching films used in agriculture gradually break down and can become a significant source of microplastics in soils. A new study shows that these particles affect not only soil structure but also microbial life and nitrogen cycling.“We wanted to understand how microplastics from both conventional and biodegradable mulching films influence soil properties, microbial diversity and functions in real conditions,” explains Klára Šmídová, the study’s co-author . “That’s why we added realistic amounts of microplastics to soils in experimental plots in Finland, Germany, and Spain, monitored them over two growing seasons, and compared them with the control plots.”The results revealed that microplastics alter soil characteristics and microbial communities, although not always in the same way. “ However, a consistent finding was the decline in microbial activity associated with key processes, including nitrogen cycling, with negative effects increasing at higher microplastic concentrations and becoming more pronounced in the second year,” Šmídová adds. Because the microplastic levels used in the study reflect amounts already found in European soils, the findings highlight real risks to soil health. “We also found that the effects were stronger in southern than in northern Europe, likely due to differences in climate and soil conditions. This means that protecting soils from plastic pollution will require region-specific risk assessments,” she says.Over 60% of European soils are estimated to be unhealthy, with ongoing degradation driven by unsustainable land use, contamination, climate change, and extreme weather events. In response, the EU Parliament adopted the Soil Monitoring Law in October 2025, aiming to achieve healthy soils across Europe by 2050. “The law highlights the role of soil health in food security, water quality, and climate objectives, and establishes consistent soil monitoring across Member States. It includes measures to support farmers and foresters, while also creating a public list of potentially contaminated sites and an indicative watch list of emerging soil contaminants,” explains Klára Šmídová.The project brought together 19 research groups across Europe. “After each season, hundreds of samples were colle cted and sent to partners for analysis. This paper focuses on soil properties, microbial diversity, and greenhouse gas emissions. Two more manuscripts—on plastic additives and microplastic fate, and on soil invertebrates—are in preparation. Together, they will give us a complete picture of how agricultural microplastics affect soil ecosystems,” concludes Klára Šmídová.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/RECETOX_Vysledky_nove_studie_ukazaly_ze_mikroplasty_meni_vlastnosti_pudy_a_mikrobialni_spolecenstva_i_v_realnych_podminkach_6ee3413a7b.jpg" alt="RECETOX: New Study Reveals How Agricultural Plastics Impact Soil Health In Real Conditions" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_RECETOX_Vysledky_nove_studie_ukazaly_ze_mikroplasty_meni_vlastnosti_pudy_a_mikrobialni_spolecenstva_i_v_realnych_podminkach_6ee3413a7b.jpg 171w," sizes="100vw" width="738" height="674"><blockquote><h4>The Original article</h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749125015866?via%3Dihub#sec2">Conventional and biodegradable agricultural microplastics: effects on soil properties and microbial functions across a European pedoclimatic gradient</a></h4>Šmídová K., Soinne H., Kim S. W., Tirronniemi J., Meffe R., Redondo-Hasselerharm P. E., Braun M., Rillig M. C., Fritze H., Adamczyk B., Nikama J., Kaseva J., Saartama V., Amelung W., Hurley R., Hofman J., Nizzetto L., Selonen S., Velmala S.Environ. Pollut. 386 (2025) 127212<a href="DOI:%2010.1016/j.envpol.2025.127212">DOI:&nbsp;10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127212</a><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY 4.0</a></h6></blockquote><h4>Abstract</h4><div>Agricultural plastics like mulching films may become a major source of microplastic (MP) soil contamination during their degradation and fragmentation. This study investigates the effects of agricultural MPs from conventional (linear low-density polyethylene, PE) and biodegradable (starch-blended polybutylene adipate co-terephthalate, PBAT-BD) mulching films on soil physicochemical properties, aggregation, microbial diversity and functions, litter decomposition, and greenhouse gases emissions (GHG). For this purpose, MPs were mixed into soils at realistic MP concentrations of 0.005&nbsp;% and 0.05&nbsp;% (w/w) in 2022 on experimental plots in three EU countries representing different pedoclimatic conditions (Finland, Germany and Spain), followed by monitoring of the above-mentioned variables in the subsequent growing seasons 2022 and 2023. We found several significant MP-induced effects for soil properties, aggregation, microbial diversity, litter decomposition, and GHG, but the effect endpoints were less pronounced or varied considerably. Contrarily, microbial activity, contributing to soil functions such as nitrogen cycling, was consistently reduced by both conventional and biodegradable MPs. The reductions were more pronounced after the second season and for the higher MP treatment. As the higher MP concentration (i.e., 0.05&nbsp;% w/w) is environmentally relevant in Europe, our findings emphasize the potential effects of environmentally relevant MP concentrations on soil health. Furthermore, the effects increased from north to south, probably modulated by varying pedoclimatic conditions, inducing reflection of a need for regionally tailored risk</div></div>

New Study Reveals How Agricultural Plastics Impact Soil Health In Real Conditions

<h3>Charged for Action: The Hidden Secrets of AEX Oligonucleotide Analysis</h3>Oligonucleotides—short, well-defined fragments of DNA or RNA—have become indispensable tools in modern life sciences. They underpin cutting-edge applications in molecular diagnostics, gene therapy, and pharmaceutical development. Before oligonucleotides can be confidently used in research or clinical settings, however, their quality must be rigorously assessed. Purity, sequence integrity, length distribution, and chemical modifications all play a decisive role in their performance.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_2_45eee54fa0.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Oligos Made Easy - Part 2: AEX" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_2_45eee54fa0.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1534" height="711">Among the analytical techniques available today, anion exchange chromatography (AEX) stands out as a robust and highly informative method for characterizing oligonucleotides. By exploiting their intrinsic negative charge, AEX provides detailed insight into product composition and impurity profiles that are difficult to obtain by other approaches.<blockquote><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/6808">Part 1 of the Oligos series: A Practical Guide to Oligonucleotide Production – From Concept to Final Product</a></blockquote><h4>How Scientists Read Oligonucleotides Using Charge</h4>At the core of AEX lies a simple but powerful principle: oligonucleotides carry a negatively charged phosphate backbone. This charge increases in a predictable way with strand length and, to a lesser extent, sequence composition. Anion exchange chromatography uses this property to separate oligonucleotides based on differences in charge strength and interaction with a positively charged stationary phase.As a result, AEX has become one of the most widely used analytical tools for evaluating oligonucleotide quality. It allows scientists to distinguish full-length products from truncated species, degradation products, or closely related variants—often with single-nucleotide resolution.<h4>Why Ion Exchange Works: Binding, Retention, and Release</h4>Ion exchange chromatography (IEX) relies on electrostatic interactions between analytes and a charged stationary phase. In the case of oligonucleotides, anion exchange is used, where negatively charged molecules interact with positively charged functional groups on the resin—most commonly quaternary amines.The system consists of two main components:<ul><li>Stationary phase: A positively charged resin that binds anionic analytes.</li><li>Mobile phase: An aqueous buffer system, typically combined with a salt gradient, that controls both pH and elution strength.</li></ul>Retention in AEX is governed primarily by charge. Molecules with weaker overall charge interact less strongly with the stationary phase and elute earlier, while more highly charged oligonucleotides bind more tightly and require stronger elution conditions.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_1_IEX_overview_including_elution_order_dependency_on_analyte_charge_3419ad3075.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Oligos Made Easy - Part 2 AEX: Figure 1 IEX overview including elution order dependency on analyte charge." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_1_IEX_overview_including_elution_order_dependency_on_analyte_charge_3419ad3075.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1583" height="654"><h4>The Five-Step Workflow of Ion Exchange Chromatography</h4>AEX separations generally follow a well-established sequence of steps:<ol><li>Column equilibration The column is conditioned with the starting buffer until the baseline and pH are stable. This ensures that all charged sites on the resin are ready for interaction.</li><li>Sample loading Samples, prepared in the starting buffer, are introduced under conditions that promote binding of the target oligonucleotides while minimizing retention of unwanted impurities.</li><li>Washing The column is washed with the starting buffer to remove uncharged or weakly interacting components. The baseline stabilizes as these species are flushed away.</li><li>Elution Bound oligonucleotides are released using a salt or pH gradient. Increasing ionic strength introduces competing ions that displace the analytes from the resin. Weakly bound species elute first; strongly charged oligonucleotides elute later.</li><li>Regeneration and re-equilibration A high-salt buffer removes any remaining bound material. The column is then returned to starting conditions in preparation for the next analysis.</li></ol><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_2_Five_steps_of_IEX_procedure_in_blue_outlined_using_an_example_chromatogram_in_red_38dd70b1b1.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Oligos Made Easy - Part 2 AEX: Figure 2 Five steps of IEX procedure (in blue), outlined using an example chromatogram (in red)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_2_Five_steps_of_IEX_procedure_in_blue_outlined_using_an_example_chromatogram_in_red_38dd70b1b1.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1583" height="674"><h4>Why AEX Is Especially Effective for Oligonucleotides</h4>The repeating phosphate backbone of oligonucleotides gives rise to a strong and uniform anionic character across a wide pH range (typically pH 7–9). This makes oligonucleotides exceptionally well suited for anion exchange separations.Key factors influencing AEX behavior include:<ul><li>Charge density: Longer oligonucleotides carry more negative charges and therefore exhibit stronger retention.</li><li>Resin chemistry: Strong and weak anion exchangers differ in functional groups and pH stability, influencing selectivity and robustness.</li><li>Buffer composition: The choice of buffering ions and salt gradients directly affects elution strength and resolution.</li></ul>Salt gradients—commonly based on chloride ions—compete with the oligonucleotide backbone for binding sites on the resin. By carefully tuning gradient slope and composition, analysts can achieve highly reproducible and finely resolved separations.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_3_Ionic_interactions_and_p_H_influence_on_Anion_Exchange_Chromatography_AEX_612e231ba4.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Oligos Made Easy - Part 2 AEX: Figure 3 Ionic interactions and pH influence on Anion Exchange Chromatography (AEX)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_3_Ionic_interactions_and_p_H_influence_on_Anion_Exchange_Chromatography_AEX_612e231ba4.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1547" height="593"><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_4_AEX_buffer_selection_and_gradient_strategy_chromatogram_with_red_buffer_gradient_curve_53fd1bb11b.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Oligos Made Easy - Part 2 AEX: Figure 4 AEX buffer selection and gradient strategy (chromatogram with red buffer gradient curve)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_4_AEX_buffer_selection_and_gradient_strategy_chromatogram_with_red_buffer_gradient_curve_53fd1bb11b.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="327"><h4>AEX as the Gold Standard for Oligonucleotide Separation</h4>Anion exchange chromatography has become the method of choice for both analytical and preparative oligonucleotide workflows. Its advantages include:<ul><li>High resolving power: Closely related impurities, including n–1 or n–2 species, can often be separated and quantified.</li><li>Predictable retention behavior: In many cases, retention time correlates linearly with oligonucleotide length, simplifying identification.</li><li>Compatibility with modified oligonucleotides: Even chemically modified sequences retain their anionic nature, allowing AEX to resolve both products and related impurities.</li><li>Excellent control via gradient elution: Salt gradients provide precise tuning of selectivity and resolution.</li></ul>Typically, shorter or degraded oligonucleotides elute at lower ionic strength, while full-length products with higher charge density appear later in the chromatogram.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_5_AEX_Advantages_and_Challenges_7835521e34.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Oligos Made Easy - Part 2 AEX: Figure 5 AEX Advantages and Challenges." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Oligos_Made_Easy_Part_2_AEX_Figure_5_AEX_Advantages_and_Challenges_7835521e34.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1535" height="707"><h4>Final Perspective: Mastering AEX with Confidence</h4>Anion exchange chromatography may appear complex at first, but with thoughtful optimization of pH, buffer composition, and gradient conditions, it becomes a highly precise and reliable tool for oligonucleotide analysis. When properly applied, AEX delivers sharp peaks, excellent resolution, and robust performance—even for challenging sequences and modifications.For laboratories developing or refining oligonucleotide workflows, AEX offers both analytical depth and operational confidence.<blockquote>If you would like to discuss AEX method development or optimization for oligonucleotides, feel free to contact us at sales@knauer.net. More insights into practical oligonucleotide analysis will follow in our “Oligos Made Easy” series.For technical questions or in-depth discussion, the author can be reached at kindler@knauer.net</blockquote>

Oligos Made Easy - Part 2: AEX

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 07, 2026

Article

Application

Plastics

Environment

Science and research

Poster

RECETOX (Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment) is an independent department of the Faculty of Science of Masaryk University in Brno, which has been established in 1983. RECETOX is focused on the research and education in cross-cutting area of Environment and Health. It addresses interactions among chemicals, environment, and biological systems, including consequences at local, regional, and global levels.

RECETOX - Centrum pro výzkum toxických látek v prostředí

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LabRulez

Based in Berlin, KNAUER is a medium-sized, owner-managed company that has been serving the sciences since 1962. We develop and manufacture scientific instruments of superior quality for liquid chromatography, including: Analytical HPLC/UHPLC, Preparative HPLC, Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), Multi-column chromatography/Simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography. High pressure dosing, in-line detection systems, and osmometry are additional business areas.

KNAUER

KNAUER AppliChrom® ABOA HFIP-Phil GPC Columns

AppliChrom® GPC columns for separations in HFIP with broad pore technology for GPC for analytes with challenging solution behavior

AppliChrom® GPC columns for separations in HFIP<h4>Properties:</h4><ul><li>Broad pore technology for GPC for analytes with challenging solution behavior</li><li>Separation range beween: 0.1–50 000 kDa</li><li>Range of individual porosities that can be used individually or in combination</li><li>Temperature stable between: 35–145 °C</li><li>Long column lifetime - result of the combination of optimized particle and packing technology</li><li>Low column bleed for low detector noise</li><li>Excellent reproducibility and resolution due to the advanced packing procedure</li><li>Calibration standard: PMMA or PEO &nbsp;</li><li>Recommended eluents: Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), 0.1 % KTFa as modifier</li></ul><h4>Applications</h4>Crystalline highperformance polymers like:&nbsp;<ul><li>polyamides (PA), polyethylen terepthalate (PET), polybutylen terepthalate (PBT), polylactic acid (PLA), polyamid 6 (PA6), polycaprolactam, paraformaldehyde, polyoxymethylene (POM), polyacetal, several polyoxazolines</li></ul><h3>GPC &amp; SEC Columns</h3>GPC &amp; SEC systems offer solutions for various applications and laboratoriesGel permeation chromatography (GPC) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) separate analytes by size using special columns with a porous matrix. The basic separation principle is based on the fact that smaller molecules penetrate these pores more strongly and therefore move more slowly through the matrix than larger molecules. GPC/SEC is often used as gentle and powerful purification technique or for quality control in research and development. Typical target molecules are polymers, dissolved in organic solvents for GPC, and macro biomolecules like proteins, antibodies or polysaccharides, dissolved in aqueous eluents for SEC.Separation is facilitated by selecting optimal particle and pore sizes. Therefore we offer a wide range of pore sizes (35, 100, 150, 250, 350, 500, 1000, 1500, 10E5, 10E6, 10E7 Å) and several particle sizes (5, 7, 10, 12, 20 µm) as a choice to customize for every application task.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Size_Exclusion_principle_2a432edcc1.webp" alt="KNAUER: Size Exclusion - principle" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Size_Exclusion_principle_2a432edcc1.webp 228w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="700"><h3>KNAUER AppliChrom® ABOA columns for aqueous SEC, organic GPC, and special applications</h3><ul><li>AppliChrom® ABOA StyDiViBe Series GPC-columns for GPC analysis of organic molecules using THF, toluene, chloroform.</li><li>AppliChrom ABOA SuperOH-P Series for aqueous GPC/SEC-analysis of mainly neutral and anionic polymers like heparins, polysaccharides, PEO, PEG,....</li><li>AppliChrom® ABOA DMSO-Phil-P Series for DMSO GPC/SEC analysis (humic substances, UF/MUF-glue, p-NIPA, many polycondensates, protein from pea or leguminosae,...)</li><li>AppliChrom® ABOA DMAc-Phil-P Series for GPC/ SEC analysis in DMAc, DMF, NMP. Good for many medium polar substances, polyoxazolines, lignin,...</li><li>AppliChrom® ABOA Cat-Phil-P Series for aqueous GPC/SEC-analysis of special aminic and polycationic polymers like p-DADMAc, PEI/ polyethylenimin, chitosan, copolymers with polyaminofunctions, but also useful for polyanions or neutral polymers like heparin or PEO/PEG, dextran or pullulan.</li><li>Seperation Ranges: 100–50 000 000 Da</li></ul><h4>You decide between classical GPC/SEC columns with conventional mixed pore technology or AppliChrom® BPT technology:</h4>Separate oligomers and polymers with the new GPC media line from AppliChrom® BPT synthesis technology for large range, high resolution separations with increased accuracy in calibration (patent pending).<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Appli_Chrom_ABOA_columns_58d5d380f6.jpg" alt="KNAUER: AppliChrom® ABOA columns." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Appli_Chrom_ABOA_columns_58d5d380f6.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1379" height="718">

KNAUER Sepapure® FPLC Columns for Antibody Affinity Chromatography

 The FPLC media is functionalized either with Protein A or Protein G ligands for the binding of antibodies or antibody fragments.

FPLC media based on cross-linked agarose beads with a mean diameter of 100 µm. &nbsp;The FPLC media is functionalized either with Protein A or Protein G ligands for the binding of antibodies or antibody fragments.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Antibody_Affinity_Protein_A_and_G_08afa2179e.webp" alt="KNAUER: FPLC Column for Antibody Affinity - Protein A and G" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Antibody_Affinity_Protein_A_and_G_08afa2179e.webp 236w," sizes="100vw" width="690" height="456"><h4>Properties:</h4>Sepapure® Affinity media for antibodies or antibody fragments is designed to be used with most aqueous buffer systems. It is long lasting when correctly handled and are compatible with common CIP strategies. All Sepapure® media is stored in 20 % ethanol upon delivery. Available as prepacked 1 ml or 5 ml cartridge or as bulk material.<h4>Technical data:</h4>Agarose beads with typical loading ranges of 1 - 30 mg/l (Protein A column) or 1 - 15 mg/ml (Protein G column). The maximum operating pressure the Sepapure® columns should be used at is 3 bar, while the recommended flowrate is 1 CV/ml.<h4>Recommended application areas:</h4>Typically used in the first step („capture“) of an FPLC purification procedure.<h3>KNAUER Sepapure®&nbsp;</h3>In protein purification, a combination of different methods is needed for a successful separation. The purity of the wanted biomolecule is increased in three steps: Capture - Intermediate - PolishingIn the “capture step” the crude biomolecule is extracted from major side products. In the “intermediate step” further contaminations are removed, and the highly pure biomolecule is gained in the “polishing step”. For each step a different method and therefore different columns are used.&nbsp;FPLC Sepapure® columns are dedicated for purification of biomolecules. Sepapure® media for affinity chromatography (AC) and Ion-Exchange chromatography (IEX) is based on Agarose and depending on the specific purification mode functionalized with ligands e.g. Protein A, Ni-NTA or quaternary ammonium (Q). These FPLC media are available packed in 1 ml and 5 ml cartridges or as bulk media.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_FPLC_Sepapure_columns_ad980345f3.jpg" alt="KNAUER: FPLC Sepapure® columns" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_FPLC_Sepapure_columns_ad980345f3.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1372" height="562"><h5>Physical properties FPLC Sepapure® columns</h5><ul><li>Resin 100 µm Agarose particles with 4 % or 6 % crosslinking</li><li>Flowrate Recommended: 1 CV/ml</li><li>pH Stability 3 – 9 long term</li><li>Max. pressure 3 bar</li></ul>Sepapure® Desalting columns are based on Dextran with an exclusion limit of 5 kDa and available in 1 ml and 5 ml cartridges.&nbsp;<h5>Physical properties Sepapure® Desalting columns</h5><ul><li>Resin 20 – 50 µm Dextran particles</li><li>Flowrate Recommended: 1 CV/ml</li><li>Exclusion limit 5 kDa</li><li>Max. pressure 3 bar</li></ul>

KNAUER Sepapure® FPLC Columns for Tag-Affinity Chromatography

FPLC media based on cross-linked agarose beads with a mean diameter of 100 µm.  The FPLC media is functionalized with NTA ligands for His-Tag.

FPLC media based on cross-linked agarose beads with a mean diameter of 100 µm. &nbsp;The FPLC media is functionalized with NTA ligands for His-Tag.&nbsp;<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Antibody_Affinity_Protein_A_and_G_08afa2179e.webp" alt="KNAUER: FPLC Column for Tag-Affinity Chromatography" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Antibody_Affinity_Protein_A_and_G_08afa2179e.webp 236w," sizes="100vw" width="690" height="456"><h4>Properties:</h4>Sepapure® Affinity media for recombinantly tagged proteins is designed to be used with most aqueous buffer systems. It is long lasting when correctly handled and compatible with common CIP strategies. All Sepapure® media is stored in 20 % ethanol upon delivery. Available as prepacked 1 ml or 5 ml cartridge or as bulk material.<h4>Technical data:</h4>Agarose beads with typical loading ranges of 1–40 mg/l (Ni-NTA). The maximum operating pressure the Sepapure® columns should be used at is 3 bar, while the recommended flowrate is 1 CV/ml. &nbsp;Available as prepacked 1 ml or 5 ml cartridge or as bulk material.<h4>Recommended application areas:</h4>Typically used in the first step („capture“) of an FPLC purification procedure.<h3>KNAUER Sepapure®&nbsp;</h3>In protein purification, a combination of different methods is needed for a successful separation. The purity of the wanted biomolecule is increased in three steps: Capture - Intermediate - PolishingIn the “capture step” the crude biomolecule is extracted from major side products. In the “intermediate step” further contaminations are removed, and the highly pure biomolecule is gained in the “polishing step”. For each step a different method and therefore different columns are used.&nbsp;FPLC Sepapure® columns are dedicated for purification of biomolecules. Sepapure® media for affinity chromatography (AC) and Ion-Exchange chromatography (IEX) is based on Agarose and depending on the specific purification mode functionalized with ligands e.g. Protein A, Ni-NTA or quaternary ammonium (Q). These FPLC media are available packed in 1 ml and 5 ml cartridges or as bulk media.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_FPLC_Sepapure_columns_ad980345f3.jpg" alt="KNAUER: FPLC Sepapure® columns" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_FPLC_Sepapure_columns_ad980345f3.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1372" height="562"><h5>Physical properties FPLC Sepapure® columns</h5><ul><li>Resin 100 µm Agarose particles with 4 % or 6 % crosslinking</li><li>Flowrate Recommended: 1 CV/ml</li><li>pH Stability 3 – 9 long term</li><li>Max. pressure 3 bar</li></ul>Sepapure® Desalting columns are based on Dextran with an exclusion limit of 5 kDa and available in 1 ml and 5 ml cartridges.&nbsp;<h5>Physical properties Sepapure® Desalting columns</h5><ul><li>Resin 20 – 50 µm Dextran particles</li><li>Flowrate Recommended: 1 CV/ml</li><li>Exclusion limit 5 kDa</li><li>Max. pressure 3 bar</li></ul>

KNAUER Sepapure® FPLC Columns for Ion-Exchange Chromatography

The FPLC media is functionalized with different linkers ranging from strong anion exchange ligands to weak cation exchange ligands. 

FPLC media based on cross-linked agarose beads with a mean diameter of 100 µm. &nbsp;The FPLC media is functionalized with different linkers ranging from strong anion exchange ligands to weak cation exchange ligands.&nbsp;<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Ion_Exchange_Chromatography_640e6f5ba7.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Sepapure FPLC Columns for Ion Exchange Chromatography" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Ion_Exchange_Chromatography_640e6f5ba7.jpg 236w," sizes="100vw" width="1920" height="1270"><h4>Properties:</h4>Sepapure® Ion-Exchange media is designed to be used with most aqueous buffer systems. It is long lasting when correctly handled and is compatible with common CIP strategies. All Sepapure® media is stored in 20 % ethanol upon delivery. &nbsp;<h4>Technical data:</h4>The agarose beads are functionalized with a quaternary ammonium for the strong anion exchanger (Q) and with diethylaminoethyl for the weak anion exchanger (DEAE). The strong cation exchanger is functionalized with sulphopropyl (SP) and the weak cation exchanger with carboxymethyl (CM).&nbsp;The maximum operating pressure the Sepapure® columns should be used at is 3 bar, while the recommended flowrate is 1 CV/ml.&nbsp;Available as prepacked 1 ml or 5 ml cartridge or as bulk material.&nbsp;<h4>Recommended application areas:</h4>Typically used in the intermediate step of an FPLC purification procedure.<h3>KNAUER Sepapure®&nbsp;</h3>In protein purification, a combination of different methods is needed for a successful separation. The purity of the wanted biomolecule is increased in three steps: Capture - Intermediate - PolishingIn the “capture step” the crude biomolecule is extracted from major side products. In the “intermediate step” further contaminations are removed, and the highly pure biomolecule is gained in the “polishing step”. For each step a different method and therefore different columns are used.&nbsp;FPLC Sepapure® columns are dedicated for purification of biomolecules. Sepapure® media for affinity chromatography (AC) and Ion-Exchange chromatography (IEX) is based on Agarose and depending on the specific purification mode functionalized with ligands e.g. Protein A, Ni-NTA or quaternary ammonium (Q). These FPLC media are available packed in 1 ml and 5 ml cartridges or as bulk media.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_FPLC_Sepapure_columns_ad980345f3.jpg" alt="KNAUER: FPLC Sepapure® columns" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_FPLC_Sepapure_columns_ad980345f3.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1372" height="562"><h5>Physical properties FPLC Sepapure® columns</h5><ul><li>Resin 100 µm Agarose particles with 4 % or 6 % crosslinking</li><li>Flowrate Recommended: 1 CV/ml</li><li>pH Stability 3 – 9 long term</li><li>Max. pressure 3 bar</li></ul>Sepapure® Desalting columns are based on Dextran with an exclusion limit of 5 kDa and available in 1 ml and 5 ml cartridges.&nbsp;<h5>Physical properties Sepapure® Desalting columns</h5><ul><li>Resin 20 – 50 µm Dextran particles</li><li>Flowrate Recommended: 1 CV/ml</li><li>Exclusion limit 5 kDa</li><li>Max. pressure 3 bar</li></ul>

KNAUER Sepapure® FPLC Desalting Columns

Desalting columns based on dextran for group separations of large molecular weight biomolecules from small molecular weight compounds and salts.

FPLC media based on dextran beads with a mean diameter of 20–50 µm. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) separates molecules on the basis of size differences. KNAUER offers desalting columns based on dextran for group separations of large molecular weight biomolecules from small molecular weight compounds and salts.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Size_Exclusion_chromatography_fb9d43e34b.jpg" alt="KNAUER: Sepapure FPLC - Desalting or Buffer Exchange" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Size_Exclusion_chromatography_fb9d43e34b.jpg 156w," sizes="100vw" width="1500" height="1500"><h4>Properties:</h4>Sepapure® Desalting media is designed to be used for removal of small molecules below the exclusion limit and for covenient rebuffering. It is long lasting when correctly handled and compatible with common CIP strategies. All Sepapure® media is stored in 20 % ethanol upon delivery. Available as prepacked 5 ml cartridge or as bulk material.&nbsp;<h4>Technical data:</h4>The Sepapure® dextran beads have an exclusion limit of 5 kDa. The maximum operating pressure of the Sepapure® columns is 3 bar, while the recommended flowrate is 1 CV/ml.<h4>Recommended application areas:</h4>Typically used in the final step of an FPLC purification procedure or inbetween steps for fast buffer exchange.<h3>KNAUER Sepapure®&nbsp;</h3>In protein purification, a combination of different methods is needed for a successful separation. The purity of the wanted biomolecule is increased in three steps: Capture - Intermediate - PolishingIn the “capture step” the crude biomolecule is extracted from major side products. In the “intermediate step” further contaminations are removed, and the highly pure biomolecule is gained in the “polishing step”. For each step a different method and therefore different columns are used.&nbsp;FPLC Sepapure® columns are dedicated for purification of biomolecules. Sepapure® media for affinity chromatography (AC) and Ion-Exchange chromatography (IEX) is based on Agarose and depending on the specific purification mode functionalized with ligands e.g. Protein A, Ni-NTA or quaternary ammonium (Q). These FPLC media are available packed in 1 ml and 5 ml cartridges or as bulk media.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_FPLC_Sepapure_columns_ad980345f3.jpg" alt="KNAUER: FPLC Sepapure® columns" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_FPLC_Sepapure_columns_ad980345f3.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1372" height="562"><h5>Physical properties FPLC Sepapure® columns</h5><ul><li>Resin 100 µm Agarose particles with 4 % or 6 % crosslinking</li><li>Flowrate Recommended: 1 CV/ml</li><li>pH Stability 3 – 9 long term</li><li>Max. pressure 3 bar</li></ul>Sepapure® Desalting columns are based on Dextran with an exclusion limit of 5 kDa and available in 1 ml and 5 ml cartridges.&nbsp;<h5>Physical properties Sepapure® Desalting columns</h5><ul><li>Resin 20 – 50 µm Dextran particles</li><li>Flowrate Recommended: 1 CV/ml</li><li>Exclusion limit 5 kDa</li><li>Max. pressure 3 bar</li></ul>

KNAUER Eurospher II 100 C18 Prep HPLC Columns (USP L1)

Stationary phase Eurospher II 100 C18 Prep HPLC is the most often used stationary phase in reversed phase mode

Classical Reversed Phase columns for HPLC and UHPLC (USP L1)Most often used stationary phase in reversed phase mode. Silica gel based columns with C18 modification are available with or without endcapping. Classically endcapped phases are slightly more hydrophobic and unpolar than the not endcapped phases.<h5>Properties</h5><ul><li>Separation mechanism: Hydrophobic interaction</li><li>Ultra pure, spherical high performance HPLC phase based on silica gel</li><li>Unpolar, monomeric C18 (Octadecyl) modification, endcapped, with 16 % carbon content (~ 50 % endcapping).</li></ul><h5>Key features</h5><ul><li>High-class HPLC phase perfectly suited to take on routine analyses as well as the most ambitious chromatography tasks, classical C18 phase with ca. 50 % endcapping and resulting 16 % carbon content, outstanding mechanical and chemical stability.</li></ul><h5>Recommended application areas</h5><ul><li>acidic, basic and neutral analytes in reversed phase mode, for example sulphonamides</li><li>anabolic steroids</li><li>anti-psychotics</li><li>beta blocker</li><li>sudan dyes</li><li>phenols and preservatives</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_C18_non_endcapped_6e4fce9989.webp" alt="KNAUER: C18 Non-endcapped" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_C18_non_endcapped_6e4fce9989.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="682" height="420"><blockquote>Tip: Caution! Never use classical C18 phases with 100 % aqueous mobile phase. The hydrophobic C18 chains will collapse</blockquote>Stationary phase Eurospher II 100 C18 is provided in these column types: analytical, semi-preparative and preparative.Eurospher II 100 C18 Preparative Standard Columns are available with these parameters:<ul><li>Column length (mm): 50, 150, 250</li><li>Column ID (mm): 20, 30, 50</li><li>Particle size (µm): 5, 10, 15</li></ul>Eurospher II 100 C18 Preparative dAX Columns with dynamic axial compression are available with these parameters:<ul><li>Column length (mm): 50, 150, 250</li><li>Column ID (mm): 25, 30, 50</li><li>Particle size (µm): 5, 10, 15</li></ul><h3>KNAUER Preparative HPLC Columns</h3>The right choice for all dimensions from semi-prep to batch chromatography to SMB.<ul><li>Modifications: Reversed Phase, HILIC, Normale Phase</li><li>Max. Pressure: 400–600 bar</li><li>Column Inner Diameter (ID): 16–50 mm in our shop, more on request</li><li>Column Brands: Eurospher, Eurospher II</li><li>Safe Investment: Robustness and durability based on superior technology</li><li>Application: Easy upscaling, as all materials are available from ultra high performance to preparative scale HPLC. You can also use our upscaling calculator.</li><li>Customizable: Standard flanged hardware &amp; dAX hardware with static or dynamic axial compression available</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Preparative_HPLC_Columns_31bc2477c3.webp" alt="KNAUER: KNAUER Preparative HPLC Columns" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Preparative_HPLC_Columns_31bc2477c3.webp 221w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="724"><h5>Preparative HPLC columns can be offered with two different hardware types:</h5><ul><li>Versatile standard flanged hardware for nearly any application task in batch chromatography</li><li>dAX Hardware with static and dynamic axial compression for an extended lifetime and multi-column chromatography like SMB processes</li></ul>

KNAUER Eurospher II 100 C18A Prep HPLC Columns (USP L1)

C18A phases can be operated under 100 % aqueous conditions without destroying the stationary phase, what is not recommended for classical C18 phases

C18A columns for polar reversed phase applications with 100 % aqueous mobile phase (USP L1)C18 stationary phase for the analysis of more polar and hydrophilic compounds in reversed phase mode (USP L1). Silica gel based columns with C18 modification with hydrophilic endcapping. Because of their modification, C18A phases can be operated under 100 % aqueous conditions without destroying the stationary phase, what is not recommended for classical C18 phases caused by their hydrophobicity.<h5>Properties</h5><ul><li>Separation mechanism: Hydrophobic and polar interaction</li><li>Ultra pure, spherical high performance HPLC phase based on silica gel</li><li>Polar, monomeric C18 (Octadecyl) modification, polar endcapping, with 10 % carbon content (~ 50 % endcapping).</li></ul><h5>Key features</h5><ul><li>C18 A phase with alternative, more polar selectivity, suited for the use with pure aqueous mobile phases, 50 % endcapping and resulting 10 % carbon content, outstanding mechanical and chemical stability, suited for analytical as well as semi preparative and preparative applications</li></ul><h5>Recommended application areas</h5><ul><li>Polar endcapped C18 phase for water soluble and polar analytes, 100 % aqueous eluents for analysis of very polar compounds:<ul><li>basic pharmaceutical ingredients</li><li>water soluble vitamins</li><li>catecholamines</li><li>as well as organic acids.</li></ul></li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_C18_A_6f4b0c3063.webp" alt="KNAUER: C18A" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_C18_A_6f4b0c3063.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="690" height="428"><blockquote>Tip: With an endcapping the influence of nonderivatized silanol groups can be minimized. The endcapping reagent is generally a smaller silane than used for derivatisation. This treatment reduces the unwanted interaction of polar or charged analytes (acids, bases ect.) because the amount of available silanol groups is reduced.</blockquote>Stationary phase Eurospher II 100 C18A is provided in these column types: analytical, semi-preparative and preparative.Eurospher II 100 C18A Preparative Standard Columns are available with these parameters:<ul><li>Column length (mm): 50, 150, 250</li><li>Column ID (mm): 20, 30, 50</li><li>Particle size (µm): 5, 10, 15</li></ul>Eurospher II 100 C18A Preparative dAX Columns with dynamic axial compression are available with these parameters:<ul><li>Column length (mm): 50, 150, 250</li><li>Column ID (mm): 25, 30, 50</li><li>Particle size (µm): 5, 10, 15</li></ul><h3>KNAUER Preparative HPLC Columns</h3>The right choice for all dimensions from semi-prep to batch chromatography to SMB.<ul><li>Modifications: Reversed Phase, HILIC, Normale Phase</li><li>Max. Pressure: 400–600 bar</li><li>Column Inner Diameter (ID): 16–50 mm in our shop, more on request</li><li>Column Brands: Eurospher, Eurospher II</li><li>Safe Investment: Robustness and durability based on superior technology</li><li>Application: Easy upscaling, as all materials are available from ultra high performance to preparative scale HPLC. You can also use our upscaling calculator.</li><li>Customizable: Standard flanged hardware &amp; dAX hardware with static or dynamic axial compression available</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Preparative_HPLC_Columns_31bc2477c3.webp" alt="KNAUER: KNAUER Preparative HPLC Columns" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Preparative_HPLC_Columns_31bc2477c3.webp 221w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="724"><h5>Preparative HPLC columns can be offered with two different hardware types:</h5><ul><li>Versatile standard flanged hardware for nearly any application task in batch chromatography</li><li>dAX Hardware with static and dynamic axial compression for an extended lifetime and multi-column chromatography like SMB processes</li></ul>

KNAUER Eurospher II 100 C18H Prep HPLC Columns (USP L1)

C18H stationary phase with a special, high efficiency or polymeric unpolar endcapping style. Suited for the use of mobile phase in an extended pH range from typically pH 1–12. 

Hydrophobic / pH stable C18H Columns for more unpolar analytes in Reversed Phase (USP L1)C18H stationary phase with a special, high efficiency or polymeric unpolar endcapping style. Because of the high carbon content and the protection of the Silica gel these materials are also suited for the use of mobile phase in an extended pH range from typically pH 1–12.While a high endcapped C18H phase is characterized mostly by the high carbon content. A polymeric endcapped phase also provides an increased steric selectivity.<h5>Properties</h5><ul><li>Separation mechanism: Hydrophobic interaction</li><li>Ultra pure, spherical high performance HPLC phase based on silica gel</li><li>Nonpolar, monomeric C18 (Octadecyl) modification, high efficiency endcapping with 17 % carbon content (~ 99 % endcapping)</li></ul><h5>Key features</h5><ul><li>Nonpolar C18 phase with high efficiency endcapping and 17 % carbon content, resulting in higher pH stability in the range of 1–12, outstanding mechanical and chemical stability, suited for analytical as well as semi preparative and preparative applications.</li></ul><h5>Recommended application areas</h5><ul><li>Recommended alternative to Kromasil 100 C18, for acidic, basic and neutral analytes in reversed phase mode with extended pH range.</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_C18_H_c5531f7d87.webp" alt="KNAUER: C18H" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_C18_H_c5531f7d87.webp 226w," sizes="100vw" width="687" height="475"><blockquote>Tip: All analytical KNAUER columns can be used in reversed flow direction for example for cleaning. Please refer to our Column care and use documents on the website for further information about storage conditions and cleaning procedures.</blockquote>Stationary phase Eurospher II 100 C18H is provided in these column types: analytical, semi-preparative and preparative.Eurospher II 100 C18H Preparative Standard Columns are available with these parameters:<ul><li>Column length (mm): 50, 150, 250</li><li>Column ID (mm): 20, 30, 50</li><li>Particle size (µm): 5, 10, 15</li></ul>Eurospher II 100 C18H Preparative dAX Columns with dynamic axial compression are available with these parameters:<ul><li>Column length (mm): 50, 150, 250</li><li>Column ID (mm): 25, 30, 50</li><li>Particle size (µm): 5, 10, 15</li></ul><h3>KNAUER Preparative HPLC Columns</h3>The right choice for all dimensions from semi-prep to batch chromatography to SMB.<ul><li>Modifications: Reversed Phase, HILIC, Normale Phase</li><li>Max. Pressure: 400–600 bar</li><li>Column Inner Diameter (ID): 16–50 mm in our shop, more on request</li><li>Column Brands: Eurospher, Eurospher II</li><li>Safe Investment: Robustness and durability based on superior technology</li><li>Application: Easy upscaling, as all materials are available from ultra high performance to preparative scale HPLC. You can also use our upscaling calculator.</li><li>Customizable: Standard flanged hardware &amp; dAX hardware with static or dynamic axial compression available</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Preparative_HPLC_Columns_31bc2477c3.webp" alt="KNAUER: KNAUER Preparative HPLC Columns" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Preparative_HPLC_Columns_31bc2477c3.webp 221w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="724"><h5>Preparative HPLC columns can be offered with two different hardware types:</h5><ul><li>Versatile standard flanged hardware for nearly any application task in batch chromatography</li><li>dAX Hardware with static and dynamic axial compression for an extended lifetime and multi-column chromatography like SMB processes</li></ul>

KNAUER Eurospher II 100 C18P Prep HPLC Columns (USP L1)

KNAUER´s most unpolar C18P phase with excellent shape selectivity. It features polymeric, high efficiency endcapping of 99 % and 20 % carbon content, exceptional pH stability in the range of 1–12.

C18P columns with trifunctional modifications (USP L1): Hydrophobic and stearic interactionsKNAUER´s most unpolar C18P phase with excellent shape selectivity. It features polymeric, high efficiency endcapping of 99 % and 20 % carbon content, exceptional pH stability in the range of 1–12, and outstanding mechanical and chemical stability.<h5>Properties</h5><ul><li>Separation mechanism: Hydrophobic and stearic interaction</li><li>Ultra pure, spherical high performance HPLC phase based on silica gel</li><li>Unpolar, trifunctional C18 (Octadecyl) modification, high efficiency endcapping, with 20 % carbon content (~ 99 % endcapping)&nbsp;</li></ul><h5>Key features</h5><ul><li>KNAUER´s most unpolar C18 phase, polymeric, high efficiency endcapping of 99 % and 20 % carbon content, higher pH stability in the range of 1-12, outstanding mechanical and chemical stability, suited for analytical as well as semi preparative and preparative applications.</li></ul><h5>Recommended application areas</h5><ul><li>Alternative selectivity to standard C18; stationary phase in Eurospher II C18 family with the highest carbon load; fully endcapped; excellent shape selectivity and pH stability.</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_C18_P_f093126fa9.webp" alt="KNAUER: C18P" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_C18_P_f093126fa9.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="278" height="174"><blockquote>Tip: Not all C18 phases are comparable! When replacing an existing column, always have a close look at the characteristics like carbon load, pore size and specific surface area.</blockquote>Stationary phase Eurospher II 100 C18P is provided in these column types: analytical, semi-preparative and preparative.Eurospher II 100 C18P Preparative Standard Columns are available with these parameters:<ul><li>Column length (mm): 50, 150, 250</li><li>Column ID (mm): 20, 30, 50</li><li>Particle size (µm): 5, 10, 15</li></ul>Eurospher II 100 C18P Preparative dAX Columns with dynamic axial compression are available with these parameters:<ul><li>Column length (mm): 50, 150, 250</li><li>Column ID (mm): 25, 30, 50</li><li>Particle size (µm): 5, 10, 15</li></ul><h3>KNAUER Preparative HPLC Columns</h3>The right choice for all dimensions from semi-prep to batch chromatography to SMB.<ul><li>Modifications: Reversed Phase, HILIC, Normale Phase</li><li>Max. Pressure: 400–600 bar</li><li>Column Inner Diameter (ID): 16–50 mm in our shop, more on request</li><li>Column Brands: Eurospher, Eurospher II</li><li>Safe Investment: Robustness and durability based on superior technology</li><li>Application: Easy upscaling, as all materials are available from ultra high performance to preparative scale HPLC. You can also use our upscaling calculator.</li><li>Customizable: Standard flanged hardware &amp; dAX hardware with static or dynamic axial compression available</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Preparative_HPLC_Columns_31bc2477c3.webp" alt="KNAUER: KNAUER Preparative HPLC Columns" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Preparative_HPLC_Columns_31bc2477c3.webp 221w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="724"><h5>Preparative HPLC columns can be offered with two different hardware types:</h5><ul><li>Versatile standard flanged hardware for nearly any application task in batch chromatography</li><li>dAX Hardware with static and dynamic axial compression for an extended lifetime and multi-column chromatography like SMB processes</li></ul>

KNAUER Eurospher II 100 C8 & C8A Prep HPLC Columns (USP L7)

C8 is a silica gel based stationary phase in reversed phase mode with alternative selectivity compared to C18 phases. 

Classical and hydrophilic/aqueous C8 columns for HPLC and UHPLC (USP L7)C8 is a silica gel based stationary phase in reversed phase mode with alternative selectivity compared to C18 phases. Compared to C18 phases, these columns show less retention due to the lower hydrophobicity.<ul><li>Ultra pure, spherical high performance HPLC phase based on silica gel</li><li>Monomeric C8 (Octyl) modification, standard endcapping, with 10 % carbon content (~ 50 % endcapping)</li></ul><h5>Properties</h5><ul><li>Separation mechanism: Hydrophobic interaction(lower compared to C18 phases)</li></ul><h5>Key features</h5><ul><li>Classical C8 phase, standard 50 % endcapping and 10 % carbon load, outstanding mechanical and chemical stability, suited for analytical as well as semi preparative and preparative applications.</li></ul><h5>Recommended application areas</h5><ul><li>Similar selectivity to C18 phase but less retention due to the lower hydrophobicity; useful for determination of:<ul><li>Water soluble vitamins</li><li>Steroids</li><li>Catecholamines</li><li>Sedatives</li></ul></li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_C8_rp_non_endcapped_3f7727d3fd.webp" alt="KNAUER: C8 RP Non-endcapped" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_C8_rp_non_endcapped_3f7727d3fd.webp 148w," sizes="100vw" width="304" height="321">Hydrophilic C8A phase offers an alternative, more polar selectivity. It is suited for highly polar reversed phase applications with up to 100 % aqueous mobile phases.&nbsp;<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_C8_A_e1f371165e.webp" alt="KNAUER: C8A" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_C8_A_e1f371165e.webp 198w," sizes="100vw" width="473" height="373"><blockquote>Tip: Caution! Even for short term storage all buffer solutions have to be rinsed from the column to prevent crystallization effects.</blockquote>Stationary phases Eurospher II 100 C8 and C8A are provided in these column types: analytical, semi-preparative and preparative.Eurospher II 100 C8 and C8A Preparative Standard Columns are available with these parameters:<ul><li>Column length (mm): 50, 150, 250</li><li>Column ID (mm): 20, 30, 50</li><li>Particle size (µm): 5, 10, 15</li></ul>Eurospher II 100 C8 and C8A Preparative dAX Columns with dynamic axial compression are available with these parameters:<ul><li>Column length (mm): 50, 150, 250</li><li>Column ID (mm): 25, 30, 50</li><li>Particle size (µm): 5, 10, 15</li></ul><h3>KNAUER Preparative HPLC Columns</h3>The right choice for all dimensions from semi-prep to batch chromatography to SMB.<ul><li>Modifications: Reversed Phase, HILIC, Normale Phase</li><li>Max. Pressure: 400–600 bar</li><li>Column Inner Diameter (ID): 16–50 mm in our shop, more on request</li><li>Column Brands: Eurospher, Eurospher II</li><li>Safe Investment: Robustness and durability based on superior technology</li><li>Application: Easy upscaling, as all materials are available from ultra high performance to preparative scale HPLC. You can also use our upscaling calculator.</li><li>Customizable: Standard flanged hardware &amp; dAX hardware with static or dynamic axial compression available</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Preparative_HPLC_Columns_31bc2477c3.webp" alt="KNAUER: KNAUER Preparative HPLC Columns" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Preparative_HPLC_Columns_31bc2477c3.webp 221w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="724"><h5>Preparative HPLC columns can be offered with two different hardware types:</h5><ul><li>Versatile standard flanged hardware for nearly any application task in batch chromatography</li><li>dAX Hardware with static and dynamic axial compression for an extended lifetime and multi-column chromatography like SMB processes</li></ul>

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