Ultrashort chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (USC-PFAS),defined as those with three or fewer carbon atoms, are characterisedby their significant mobility within the environment, high water solubility,and low affinity for organic matter. These properties contributeto their widespread presence in environmental waters and wastewaters,as well as drinking waters. The environmental concerns associatedwith USC-PFAS include their persistence, potential for groundwatercontamination, and challenges in remediation due to their resistance to conventional treatment methods.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ALS_Czech_Republic_Enviromail_29_Unstoppable_Ultrashort_PFAS_in_the_environment_and_water_sources_2_093d51b263.jpg" alt="EnviroMail™29/Europe: Unstoppable? Ultrashort PFAS in the environment and water sources: Figure 1: Illustrative picture" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ALS_Czech_Republic_Enviromail_29_Unstoppable_Ultrashort_PFAS_in_the_environment_and_water_sources_2_093d51b263.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="602" height="247"><h4>Occurence, uses and sources</h4>Ultrashort chain PFAS have been poorly characterised compared with their longer chain counterparts, and understanding of their intended and unintended transformation processes is limited. Sources of USCPFAS include degradation of precursor compounds, atmospheric degradation of hydrofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons used as refrigerants, and intentional direct use in products like batteries. Crucially, TFA, a major ultrashort-chain PFAS, is also formed through the environmental breakdown of fluorinated pesticides and pharmaceuticals. They are also byproducts from historical electrochemical fluorination (ECF) manufacture of longer chain PFAS. USC-PFAS are also found in urban and industrial waste, as well as aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) used in firefighting.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ALS_Czech_Republic_Enviromail_29_Unstoppable_Ultrashort_PFAS_in_the_environment_and_water_sources_5698c634d6.jpg" alt="EnviroMail™29/Europe: Unstoppable? Ultrashort PFAS in the environment and water sources: Figure 2: PFSA and PFCA categorization based on carbon chain length – ultrashort-chain, short-chain and long-chain." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ALS_Czech_Republic_Enviromail_29_Unstoppable_Ultrashort_PFAS_in_the_environment_and_water_sources_5698c634d6.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1496" height="629"><h4>Fate and transport</h4>Carbon chain length plays a key role in determining the physicochemical characteristics of different PFAS chemicals. Long chain PFAS for instance are more hydrophobic, a property that has been leveraged by removal techniques using carbonaceous materials like granular activated carbon (GAC). By contrast, short and ultrashort chain PFAS are hydrophilic, with characteristically low pKa values (i.e. more acidic), high water solubilities and decreased log Koc values (i.e. less adsorptive to organic carbon). These attributes mean that USC-PFAS dissociate freely in aqueous environments and are less prone to sorption onto natural solids. The outcome is that USCPFAS are highly mobile in the aquatic environment and can travel far from contamination source areas.<h4>The global regulatory landscape</h4>Awareness about the persistence and bioaccumulative nature of C8-C14 PFAS began to attract widespread concern near the turn of the millennium, and inclusion of PFOS, PFOA and PFHxS on the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) list of the Stockholm Convention soon ensued. Consequentially, manufacturers began adopting short and ultrashort chain alternatives.However, with the change from C8 to C4 and shorter fluorinated carbon chains came the sacrifice to lower technical performance, and greater quantities were needed for equivalent performance. Hence, while it is generally accepted that short and ultrashort chain PFAS have lower toxicological profiles, environmental risks are not necessarily obviated since USC-PFAS presence, and continuous, cumulative, release suggests that adverse risks may lie ahead.Global regulations of USC-PFAS vary by region and are often included under broader PFAS regulations. For example, the European Union has specific guidelines and limits for the total concentration of PFAS compounds in drinking water (as set out in EU Directive 2020/2184). The EU's Drinking Water Directive established a limit of 0.5 μg/L for 'PFAS Total,' although ongoing discussions concern the specific methodology for incorporating trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). Furthermore, TFA was recently added to the priority list for the initial proposed sum of 24 PFAS in surface water. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2025/09/23/water-pollution-council-and-parliament-reach-provisional-deal-to-update-priority-substances-in-surface-and-ground-waters/">LINK</a><h4>PFAS sampling containers</h4>Only tested and verified sampling containers are recommended to ensure reliable results in PFAS analysis; these containers are available upon request from ALS laboratories.<h4>Targeted analytical services are becoming more accessible</h4>Testing for USC-PFAS is challenging due to several analytical factors. Background contamination and matrix noise can interfere with the detection of these compounds, particularly trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). Furthermore, sample preparation presents a significant challenge because of the constant risk of cross-contamination. To mitigate this risk, the sample preparation procedure was specifically designed to be as simple and straightforward as possible.Other USC-PFAS compounds generally have lower ambient background concentrations, which makes achieving lower Limits of Reporting (LOR) more readily achievable. ALS has successfully developed a testing method that includes USC-PFAS compounds in environmental water matrices, achieving a total LOR of 50 ng/L for TFA and even lower LORs for other USC compounds. The full list of analyzed USC-PFAS is summarized in table 1:<h5>USC-PFAS Compounds / CAS No.</h5><ul><li>Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), Perfluoroethanoic acid (PFEtA): 76-05-1</li><li>Trifluoromethane sulfonic acid (TFMS), Perfluoromethane sulfonic acid (PFMeS): 1493-13-6</li><li>Perfluoroethane sulfonic acid (PFEtS): 354-88-1</li><li>Perfluoropropanoic acid (PFPrA): 422-64-0</li><li>Perfluoropropane sulfonic acid (PFPrS): 423-41-6</li><li>Trifluoromethane sulfinic acid: 34642-42-7</li><li>Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI): 90076-65-6</li></ul>&nbsp;

EnviroMail™29/Europe: Unstoppable? Ultrashort PFAS in the environment and water sources

<h4>Why Consider HILIC in Modern Oligonucleotide Analysis?</h4>Oligonucleotides play a central role in gene therapies, molecular diagnostics, and cutting-edge biomedical research. Before these molecules reach application, however, they must be carefully characterized to confirm purity, identity, and performance.Analyzing therapeutic oligonucleotides is far from straightforward. Their polarity, structural diversity, and modifications demand highly selective and MS-compatible separation methods. Although ion-pair reversed-phase LC (IP-RP-LC) remains the established standard for LC-MS workflows, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) is rapidly emerging as a powerful complementary technique.When IP-RP approaches reach practical or performance limits, HILIC offers an attractive alternative, delivering strong retention and efficient separation of highly polar oligonucleotides — without relying on ion-pairing reagents.<h4>How Does HILIC Separate Oligonucleotides?</h4>HILIC essentially reverses conventional reversed-phase logic. It combines:<ul><li>A polar stationary phase</li><li>An organic-rich mobile phase</li></ul>In this configuration, the stationary phase retains a thin, water-enriched layer on its surface. Polar analytes — such as oligonucleotides — partition into this aqueous layer while the acetonitrile-rich mobile phase passes through.This mechanism allows:<ul><li>Retention of short or highly polar oligonucleotides</li><li>Separation of modified sequences</li><li>LC-MS compatibility without ion-pairing reagents</li></ul>The key to performance lies in carefully tuning the parameters that govern HILIC selectivity and retention.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Figure_1_Key_Parameter_of_HILIC_Mode_fb364c9a8b.webp" alt="KNAUER: Figure 1 - Key Parameter of HILIC Mode." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Figure_1_Key_Parameter_of_HILIC_Mode_fb364c9a8b.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="945" height="433"><h4>What Controls Retention in HILIC?</h4>Several interaction mechanisms contribute to analyte behavior in HILIC:<h5>Hydrophilic Partitioning – The Primary Mechanism</h5>Polar molecules distribute into the thin water layer formed on the stationary phase surface. The greater the polarity of the analyte, the stronger its affinity for this layer, leading to increased retention.<h5>Hydrogen Bonding – Fine-Tuning Effects</h5>Functional groups such as –OH, –NH₂, and –COOH can form hydrogen bonds with the stationary phase, subtly influencing retention time and selectivity.<h5>Electrostatic Contributions – The Role of Charge</h5>Some HILIC materials (e.g., bare silica) exhibit surface charges. Depending on mobile phase pH and buffer composition, electrostatic interactions can either enhance or suppress analyte retention.<h5>Dipole and Ion–Dipole Interactions – Added Selectivity</h5>Highly polar or zwitterionic compounds — including phosphorylated species and sugars — may engage in dipole–dipole or ion–dipole interactions, further refining separation behavior.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Figure_2_Hydrophilic_Partitioning_on_Water_enriched_Layer_41ab9ac902.webp" alt="KNAUER: Figure 2 - Hydrophilic Partitioning on Water-enriched Layer." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Figure_2_Hydrophilic_Partitioning_on_Water_enriched_Layer_41ab9ac902.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="945" height="409"><h4>How to Develop a HILIC Method for Oligonucleotides</h4>Like any chromatographic method, successful HILIC development follows a structured approach:<h5>Step 1: Define the Analytes</h5>Understand oligonucleotide length, polarity, charge, and modifications.<h5>Step 2: Select a Suitable Column</h5>Choose a polar stationary phase (e.g., amide or zwitterionic) appropriate for the oligonucleotide’s chemical properties.<h5>Step 3: Optimize the Mobile Phase</h5><ul><li>Start with 70–95% acetonitrile</li><li>Use a volatile buffer (e.g., ammonium formate or ammonium acetate, typically 5–20 mM)</li><li>Adjust pH (commonly between 6–8, with testing up to pH 9 if column stability allows)</li></ul>Small pH shifts can significantly alter selectivity and MS response.<h5>Step 4: Design the Gradient</h5>Employ a gradient that increases water content to modulate retention and separate oligonucleotides by size or chemical modification.<h5>Step 5: Match Injection Conditions</h5>Samples should be injected in a solvent similar to the starting mobile phase (high organic content) to prevent peak distortion.<h5>Step 6: Evaluate Performance</h5>Assess:<ul><li>Resolution</li><li>Retention time stability</li><li>Peak shape</li><li>Reproducibility</li></ul>Balancing separation performance with MS ionization efficiency is essential.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Table_1_HILIC_Method_Step_Procedure_for_Oligos_f3b9ea6b08.webp" alt="KNAUER: Table 1 - HILIC Method Step Procedure for Oligos." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Table_1_HILIC_Method_Step_Procedure_for_Oligos_f3b9ea6b08.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="945" height="357"><h4>Practical Tips for High-Performance HILIC</h4><h5>Maintain a Stable Water Layer</h5>A minimum of ~5% water is necessary at the start of the run. Too little water can eliminate retention entirely. Adjust water content carefully to fine-tune retention.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/KNAUER_Figure_3_Water_Adjustment_Principle_for_HILIC_c0d8616f20.webp" alt="KNAUER: Figure 3 - Water Adjustment Principle for HILIC." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_KNAUER_Figure_3_Water_Adjustment_Principle_for_HILIC_c0d8616f20.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="951" height="374"><h5>Use High Organic Content</h5>HILIC typically operates best with 70–95% acetonitrile. Polar analytes are retained more effectively under these conditions.<h5>Include a Volatile Buffer</h5>Use low concentrations (5–20 mM) of ammonium formate or acetate to:<ul><li>Stabilize pH</li><li>Reduce peak tailing</li><li>Maintain MS compatibility</li></ul><h5>Control Injection Solvent</h5>Avoid high-water sample solvents. They disrupt the partitioning mechanism and distort peaks.<h5>Allow Proper Column Equilibration</h5>HILIC columns require longer equilibration times than reversed-phase columns — typically 10–20 column volumes after major gradient or solvent changes.<h5>Consider Temperature</h5>Operating at 30–50 °C can:<ul><li>Improve peak shape</li><li>Reduce mobile phase viscosity</li><li>Stabilize retention behavior</li></ul><h4>From Alternative to Essential? Final Perspective</h4>HILIC-MS is steadily advancing as a strong, ion-pair-free option for oligonucleotide analysis. While IP-RP-LC still dominates in sensitivity for many applications, HILIC is closing the gap and offering valuable flexibility — particularly for highly polar or challenging sequences.Although HILIC follows different chromatographic principles than reversed-phase separations, once optimized, it can deliver robust and highly selective results.Rather than being a niche method, HILIC is becoming a strategic tool in modern oligonucleotide workflows — especially when MS compatibility and method versatility are priorities.If you are developing or refining an oligonucleotide LC-MS method, HILIC may be worth integrating into your analytical toolbox.<blockquote>For additional information or discussion, feel free to contact: <a>sales@knauer.net<svg><use></use></svg></a>For direct scientific inquiries, reach out to the author at: <a>kindler@knauer.net<svg><use></use></svg></a></blockquote>Stay tuned for more insights in the “Oligos Made Easy” series.

Oligos Made Easy - Part 4: HILIC

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 09, 2026

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For more than 40 years, ALS has provided testing and technical solutions to clients all over the world in a wide range of industries. We have built our global reputation by embracing the latest technologies and innovative methodologies to deliver high quality testing services to clients. ALS is able to leverage a multifaceted international team while remaining agile enough to provide local expertise and personalized solutions to every one of our clients.

ALS Czech Republic

Everything from the world of analytical chemistry in one place. We connect people in solving their problems. At Labrulez you will find all the necessary information easily, quickly and clearly. Stop searching and start finding.

LabRulez

Based in Berlin, KNAUER is a medium-sized, owner-managed company that has been serving the sciences since 1962. We develop and manufacture scientific instruments of superior quality for liquid chromatography, including: Analytical HPLC/UHPLC, Preparative HPLC, Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), Multi-column chromatography/Simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography. High pressure dosing, in-line detection systems, and osmometry are additional business areas.

KNAUER

Tosoh Bioscience

Metrohm

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Agilent Technologies

SelectScience

Wiley

SCIEX

Waters Corporation

Do you have an older method that is no longer meeting your needs? Are you trying to decide if it’s worth updating it? Or have you already chosen to update but are now asking yourself, “Where do I go from here?”
Modernizing a legacy method can improve accuracy, ruggedness, and sample throughput.
In this webinar, we will look at the decision-making process and steps to make it happen, including:
<ul>
<li>Is the goal to reduce analysis time and/or improve resolution?
</li>
<li>What HPLC parameters will be key to success?
</li>
<li>What are the column options, and will they work with your instrumentation?
</li>
<li>How do I navigate the allowable adjustments to USP methods?
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Mark Powell (Application Engineer, Agilent Technologies, Inc.)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Mark Powell is an Applications Engineer located at Agilent’s Little Falls site in Wilmington, DE. Before joining Agilent in 2011, Mark worked in the pharmaceutical industry synthesizing, purifying and analyzing drug candidates. He provides applications assistance and technical support for Agilent’s HPLC columns and consumables.
</blockquote>

Agilent Technologies: Method Makeover: Updating Older HPLC Methods

Method Makeover: Updating Older HPLC Methods

Modernizing a legacy method can improve accuracy, ruggedness, and sample throughput.

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a class of toxic natural compounds found in various plant species worldwide. Many PAs have been identified as contaminants in tea, dried herbs, and herbal dietary supplements. The presence of PAs in these products is mainly associated with co-harvest of PA-containing weeds. Considering PA are genotoxic carcinogens to humans, maximum levels have been set by the European Commission in Regulation 2020/2040 for a number of commodities. This talk will cover challenges and pitfalls encountered in quantitative LC-MS/MS analysis of PAs. Results generated during optimization experiments and validation of an LC-MS/MS method in a wide range of matrices will be presented.
Key Learning Objectives/What attendees will learn:
<ul>
<li>Information on pyrrolizidine alkaloids and contamination of dietary supplements and ingredients including applicable legislation.
</li>
<li>Overview of pitfalls and challenges that need to be addressed in quantitative pyrrolizidine alkaloid analysis.
</li>
<li>Summary of experiments and results collected during optimization and validation of internal LC-MS/MS method.
</li>
</ul>
Who Should Attend: food testing lab personnel, researchers and regulators interested in pyrrolizidine alkaloid testing.
<blockquote>
Presenter: Lukas Vaclavik, PhD (Eurofins Food Chemistry Testing, Madison, WI)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Lukas Vaclavik currently works as technical manager at Eurofins Food Chemistry Testing and supports the area of contaminant and residue testing. Prior to joining Eurofins, Lukas worked at the CFSAN of the U.S. FDA. Lukas has authored or co-authored over 40 scientific publications focused on chromatographic and mass spectrometric analysis of chemical residues, contaminants and adulterants. He received his Ph.D. in Food Chemistry and Analysis from the University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic.
</blockquote>

Agilent: Use of LC-MS/MS Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Dietary Supplements and Foods

Use of LC-MS/MS Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Dietary Supplements and Foods

This talk will cover challenges and pitfalls encountered in quantitative LC-MS/MS analysis of Pyrrolizidine alkaloids.

LC-MS/MS for Analysis of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids

Size exclusion chromatography (SEC), also known as gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is a powerful technique for analyzing the molecular weight and structure of polymers. Concentration detection is an essential component of GPC/SEC, as it allows for the determination of sample concentration at each point in the elution process. This information is used to calculate the molecular weight of the polymer.
In this webinar, our expert speakers will discuss the benefits and challenges associated with using conventional concentration detectors such as refractive index detectors. In addition, they will discuss and critique the use of the evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) for polymer characterization. Finally, they will describe its use in conjunction with other detectors such as viscometers and light scattering detectors to provide a comprehensive study of the polymer.
Key learning objectives
<ul>
<li>Understand the use of concentration detectors in GPC/SEC</li>
<li>Discover the benefits and challenges associated with refractive index detectors</li>
<li>Learn what advantages an ELSD can bring to the characterization of macromolecules</li>
</ul>
Who should attend?
<ul>
<li>Polymer scientists</li>
<li>Polymer engineers</li>
<li>Polymer analysts</li>
<li>Plastic technologists</li>
<li>Macromolecular scientists/technicians</li>
</ul>
<h4>View other webinars in this series here:</h4>
<ul>
<li>Part 1: <a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/3690">Unraveling the Intricacies of Size Exclusion Chromatography – Strength and Limitations</a>
</li>
<li>Part 3: <a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/3692">Characterization of Macromolecules by SEC-Light Scattering</a>
</li>
<li>Part 4: <a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/3693">Concepts, Challenges and Applications for 2D-LC of Polymers</a>
</li>
</ul>
Certificate of attendance
All webinar participants can request a certificate of attendance, including a learning outcomes summary, for continuing education purposes.
<blockquote>
Presenter: Dr. Miroslav Janco (Principal Research Scientist, Dow Inc.)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Dr. Miroslav Janco is a principal research scientist in the Analytical Sciences team of Core R&amp;D at Dow Chemical. His research is focused on separation and characterization of polymers by GPC/SEC, HPLC, and LC CAP modes using conventional (RI, UV, ELSD) and enhanced detections (LS, VIS) as well as coupled (2D-LC) and online hyphenated techniques (LC-ICP/MS, LC-NMR). He has advanced these capabilities for elucidation of structural heterogeneity in synthetic polymers and the establishment of process-structure-property relationships. His latest contribution to the field of polymer separation and characterization is the development of advanced polymer chromatography.
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Dr. Stephen O’Donohue (Site Director, Agilent Technologies Inc.)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Stephen O’Donohue is the site director for the Agilent Gel Permeation Chromatography specialty detector group based in Shropshire, UK. With over 35 years of experience in the industry, designing and developing concentration and molecular weight sensitive detectors for Polymer Laboratories, Varian, and now Agilent, he has developed a strong knowledge of macromolecular characterization by GPC.
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Jemima Arnold (Editorial Assistant, SelectScience)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Jemima studied Cellular and Molecular Medicine at the University of Bristol, UK, and as a member of the Editorial team, she now plays an integral role in shaping the content on SelectScience.
</blockquote>

SelectScience: Detection in Gel Permeation Chromatography / Size Exclusion Chromatography

Detection in Gel Permeation Chromatography / Size Exclusion Chromatography

We will discuss the benefits and challenges associated with using conventional concentration detectors such as refractive index detectors.

Detection in GPC/SEC

<h3>LC-MS/MS 201 webinar series</h3>
Advanced techniques for data acquisition and processing
<h4>Elevate your analytical expertise with advanced techniques and workflows</h4>
Sharpen your data acquisition and processing skills with our LC-MS/MS 201 webinar series. Based on our LC-MS/MS 101 webinar series, these sessions will go beyond the fundamentals of LC-MS/MS and introduce ways to advance your analytical methods and data processing workflows. Every other week, we will explore how to optimize SCIEX OS software with short, 30-minute expert-led presentations.
<h3>This webinar:</h3>
<h4>April 18, 2024</h4>
<h5>10:00 a.m. PT/ 1:00 p.m. ET - Troubleshooting at the source</h5>
<ul>
<li>Acquire the knowledge needed to optimize source parameters and identify and resolve ionization-related problems.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Other webinars from the series:</h3>
<h4>March 21, 2024</h4>
<h5>10:00 a.m. PT/ 1:00 p.m. ET - <a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/3705">Mastering chromatography</a></h5>
<ul>
<li>Discover how to optimize your chromatography for even the most challenging compounds while creating and building LC methods.</li>
</ul>
<h4>April 4, 2024</h4>
<h5>10:00 a.m. PT/ 1:00 p.m. ET - <a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/3706">It&#39;s a TRAP! Getting the most out of your QTRAP system</a></h5>
<ul>
<li>Learn when to utilize QTRAP functionality to create more selective and sensitive methods.</li>
</ul>
<h4>May 2, 2024</h4>
<h5>10:00 a.m. PT/ 1:00 p.m. ET - <a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/3708">Automating data processing</a></h5>
<ul>
<li>Learn how to automate your data processing with custom flagging and rules for efficient data review in SCIEX OS software.</li>
</ul>
<h4>May 16, 2024</h4>
<h5>10:00 a.m. PT/ 1:00 p.m. ET - <a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/3709">Excel strategies for mass spectrometry data analysis</a></h5>
<ul>
<li>Take an in-depth look at when and how to use Excel to increase your productivity.</li>
</ul>

Troubleshooting at the source (LC/MS)

Acquire the knowledge needed to optimize source parameters and identify and resolve ionization-related problems.

Liquid handling is one of the most important yet also tedious tasks in the analytical laboratory. Only the correct volume of sample, solvent, reagent, titrant, or auxiliary solution makes sure analytical results are accurate and reproducible.
In this webinar, Jennifer Lüber, Product Specialist Liquid Handling and Lab Robotics at Metrohm International Headquarters, will give you an introduction to the automation of liquid handling. After a brief overview of the capabilities of various dosing systems, Jennifer will demonstrate how the automation of basic liquid handling tasks will help you improve the quality of your analytical results while freeing up valuable time for other tasks. From this, a path forward can emerge to an automation solution that supports your analytical workflow best.
During a Q&amp;A session at the end of her webinar you can ask Jennifer any questions you may have about liquid handling and the solutions from Metrohm. Join us on April 17 and get inspired by what’s possible when it comes to the automation of your liquid handling!
Key learnings of this webinar:
<ul>
<li>Better results, less risk of errors – the benefits of automated liquid handling</li>
<li>When to automate and what: How to find the best automation solution to support your analytical workflow</li>
<li>Tips and tricks how to keep your system at peak performance</li>
</ul>
Who should attend?
Lab technicians, chemists, and everybody else performing liquid handling tasks in the laboratory.
<blockquote>
Presenter: Jennifer Lüber (Product Specialist for Liquid Handling and Lab Robotics, Metrohm International Headquarters)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Jennifer Lüber is currently the Product Specialist for Liquid Handling and Lab Robotics at Metrohm International Headquarters in Switzerland. She finished her apprenticeship as a Lab Technician in 2014 and joined the Competence Center Titration at Metrohm International Headquarters in 2015. In 2020 Jennifer received her bachelor degree in business process management and in 2023, she joined the Competence Center Liquid Handling and Lab Robotics to support the team with her experience.
</blockquote>

Metrohm: Automated liquid handling – the key to accurate and reproducible results

Automated liquid handling – the key to accurate and reproducible results

In this webinar, we will give you an introduction to the automation of liquid handling.

Automated liquid handling

The European Union (EU) has one of the highest levels of food safety standards in the world, largely due to the extensive body of legislation in place, which ensures that food is safe. The rules apply from farm to fork, whether food is produced in the EU or imported from elsewhere in the world.
One key tool used to react rapidly to food and feed safety crises and incidents is the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) which enables information to be shared rapidly and efficiently between food control authorities in Member States and the European Commission when a risk to health has been identified. In this way, countries can act rapidly and in a coordinated manner to avert food safety risks before they can harm consumers including the management of costly product recalls.
<h5>What will I learn?</h5>
In this webinar, you will learn about how RASFF operates as applied to residues and contaminants in food of animal origin, some historical trends (veterinary drug residues), and emerging threats (PFAS). 
We will also delve into the analytical methods suitable for determination of key chemical hazards, for checking compliance with EU regulations, which will avoid RASFF notifications, both prior to export but also for official control within the EU (and elsewhere).
<blockquote>
Presenter: Simon HIRD, Ph.D, MRSC, CChem. (Strategic Analyst, Testing and Laboratory Services, Waters Corporation)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Simon Hird has worked for Waters since 2014 as a Principal Scientist, in the Food and Environmental Market area and now as a Strategic Analyst in Waters’ new Testing and Laboratory Service business unit. Simon contributes to scientific projects, is involved in the commercialisation of new technologies, and provides advice, training, and context to various parts of the Waters organisation and to customers globally. Simon instructs on internationally recognised training courses, such as SARAF, GFoRSS and for AOAC India section. Simon continues to be invited to present at international conferences and has 24 peer-reviewed publications, including one of the most downloaded Trends in Analytical Chemistry articles, “Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of chemical contaminants in food”. Prior to joining Waters, Simon spent almost 20 years at a government laboratory in the UK (now called Fera Science), where he had various roles associated with residues testing and food authenticity before leading an LC-MS/MS team responsible for determination of residues and contaminants in food and environmental samples.
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Moderator: Moderator - Joanne Ho, Ph.D. (Food and Environmental, APAC Market Development Manager, Waters Corporation)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Joanne Ho is the Food and Environmental Market Development at Waters Corporation. She received her PhD in Chemistry from the University of New South Wales, Australia. During her career, Joanne has developed applications using LC and LC-MS techniques for a variety of applications ranging from active ingredients like organic acids to food contaminant residues like mycotoxins. Joanne is part of the Asia Pacific team and works with customers in the region to understand their analytical challenges and helps address them with Waters solutions.
</blockquote>

Waters Corporation: Historical and Emerging Trends for Residues and Contaminants in Products of Animal Origin

Historical and Emerging Trends for Residues and Contaminants in Products of Animal Origin

Learn how RASFF operates as applied to residues and contaminants in food of animal origin, veterinary drug residues, and PFAS.

Residues and Contaminants in Products of Animal Origin

Event Program
<ul>
<li>Introduction</li>
<li>Temperature effects on sensors</li>
<li>Temperature effects on buffers/solutions</li>
<li>Temperature compensation on the part of the sensor</li>
<li>Temperature compensation on the part of the buffers</li>
<li>Summary</li>
<li>Q&amp;A and feedback</li>
</ul>
The temperature plays a critical role in pH measurements. Achieving accurate pH values is not only about the chemical composition of a solution but also about understanding the impact of temperature fluctuations. Temperature can significantly influence the behavior of pH electrodes and the characteristics of the sample, making it essential to understand its effects on pH measurements. Challenges arise when temperature differentials between the electrode and the sample lead to unstable readings, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of temperature&#39;s influence on pH.
During our webinar, you will learn about the relationship between temperature and pH. From the temperature dependence of the dissociation constant of water to the impact of temperature on the activity coefficient and acid constants, we will see the complexities of temperature effects on pH measurements. Understanding these nuances can help you enhance the accuracy and reliability of your pH measurements, ensuring precise results across diverse temperature conditions.
Register now for our upcoming webinar to gain valuable insights into the effect of temperature on pH and deepen your understanding of this relationship. Join us and gain the knowledge to optimize your pH measurements and achieve consistent, reliable results.
<h5>How does temperature affect pH measurements?</h5>
Temperature can significantly impact pH measurements by altering the behavior of pH electrodes and the characteristics of the sample. Temperature changes can cause the pH electrode to drift until the temperature of the electrode and the sample become equal, leading to unstable readings. Additionally, the temperature dependence of the dissociation constant of water and the solution&#39;s activity coefficient and acid constants can cause changes in the H+ concentration and real pH value changes.
<h5>How can I compensate for temperature effects on pH measurements?</h5>
Temperature compensation tables have been determined for standard buffer solutions, which can be programmed into pH meters to ensure the correct pH value is used for the buffer at the temperature at which the calibration is performed. However, it is almost impossible to compensate for the temperature coefficient of every sample solution, making it essential to measure samples at the same temperature to make accurate comparisons.
<h5>What are the best practices for handling pH electrodes in temperature-sensitive environments?</h5>
To ensure accurate pH measurements in temperature-sensitive environments, it is crucial to use the correct pH electrode for the specific sample and give the electrode enough time to equilibrate and to maintain the electrode properly.
When measuring in samples that do not consist of easy-to-measure clear, aqueous solutions, problems of electrical or chemical origin can occur, which should be addressed by following the manufacturer&#39;s instructions for electrode handling and maintenance.
<blockquote>
Presenter: Dr Reena Mascarenhas
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Reena is an electrochemist, working for METTLER TOLEDO, with over five years of experience in training others in various aspects of the field. Her in-depth understanding, technical expertise, and engaging and informative training style make her a prominent speaker for this webinar.
</blockquote>

Mettler-Toledo: Temperature Effects on pH Measurement

Temperature Effects on pH Measurement

A Live Webinar to Understand the Relation between Varying Temperature and pH.

The scientific community aims to enhance transparency and reliability in published research, with a specific focus on the quality of biological reagents, notably recombinant proteins. Concerns have been raised regarding irreproducible results, prompting discussions on common quality issues associated with recombinant proteins and their impact on downstream applications. In response, professionals in protein purification and characterization have collaboratively developed guidelines for improved quality control.
These guidelines include minimal information requirements for protein identity, production parameters, and long-term stability, as well as a minimal set of quality tests for purity, homogeneity, and identity. Additional recommendations cover DNA contamination, “spectral and thermal denaturation signatures”, homogeneity, “competent fraction”, storage conditions, batch-to-batch reproducibility, and other factors based on intended applications. Evaluation of these guidelines over a one-year period suggests that their implementation can enhance experimental reliability and optimize protein quality. Investing in protein QC benefits all stakeholders in life sciences, including researchers, editors, and funding agencies, by improving data veracity and minimizing resource wastage.
<blockquote>
Presenter: Dr. André Matagne (Full Professor at the University of Liège, Belgium)
</blockquote>

Waters: Quality control of purified proteins to improve research data reproducibility: improving the time-efficiency and quality of your results

Quality control of purified proteins to improve research data reproducibility: improving the time-efficiency and quality of your results.

Quality control of purified proteins

In Vitro Diagnostic Regulation (IVDR) is the European Union’s new set of rules aimed at improving the quality, safety and reliability of IVDs. The new regulation is impacting the in vitro diagnostic landscape, affecting laboratories using their own “Laboratory Developed Tests” (LDTs) and those compliant with certain accreditation e.g. standard EN ISO 15189.
In this webinar you will learn:
<ul>
<li>What is IVDR and what are the timelines</li>
<li>What are the requirements for in-house tests (LDTs)</li>
<li>What are the next steps for your lab</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Fabian Reijn (Diagnotix)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Magali Wolff (Tecan)
</blockquote>

Making sense of IVDR for LC-MS

In this webinar you will learn what is IVDR and what are the timelines, what are the requirements for in-house tests, and what are the next steps for your lab.

Christian Rohrer, Director Sales and Marketing at Tosoh Bioscience GmbH, will present the next edition of Tosoh Tuesday, a webinar series held by Chromatography Experts.
On Tuesday, April 16, Corey Meadows, Product Specialist Bioanalysis at Tosoh Bioscience, dives into the analysis of antibody-drug conjugates and their drug-antibody ratio by hydrophobic interaction chromatography.
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are dual-action cancer biotherapeutics, where monoclonal antibodies carrying tumor-killing payloads specifically bind to cancer cells and accelerate cancer cell death. Characterizing the ratio of tumor-killing payload to cancer-binding antibody (DAR) is a critical quality attribute needed to determine the potential potency of a given ADC candidate. This webinar features HIC as a solution for quantifying DARs in ADC biotherapeutics. An overview of ADC and HIC fundamentals will be presented, targeting analytical method development scientists seeking insights for mobile-phase and stationary-phase selections for separating variable conjugated ADC variants.
After the webinar, ask your questions during the live Q&amp;A session. 
<blockquote>
Presenter: Christian Rohrer (Director Sales and Marketing at Tosoh Bioscience GmbH)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Corey Meadows (Product Specialist Bioanalysis at Tosoh Bioscience)
</blockquote>

Tosoh Bioscience: Tosoh Tuesday - Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography as a Platform for Characterizing ADCs

Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography as a Platform for Characterizing ADCs

Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography as a Platform for Characterizing Antbody-Drug Conjugates